Visibility of the mandibular canal on CBCT crosssectional images

The identification of the mandibular canal (MC) is an important prerequisite for surgical procedures involving the posterior mandible. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) represents an advance in imaging technology, but distinguishing the MC from surrounding structures may remain a delicate task. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the visibility of the MC in different regions on CBCT cross-sectional images. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CBCT cross-sectional images of 58 patients (116 hemi-mandibles) were analyzed, and the visibility of the MC in different regions was assessed. RESULTS: The MC was clearly visible in 53% of the hemi-mandibles. Difficult and very difficult visualizations were registered in 25% and 22% of the hemi-mandibles, respectively. The visibility of the MC on distal regions was superior when compared to regions closer to the mental foramen. No differences were found between edentulous and tooth-bearing areas. CONCLUSIONS: The MC presents an overall satisfactory visibility on CBCT cross-sectional images in most cases. However, the discrimination of the canal from its surrounds becomes less obvious towards the mental foramen region when cross-sectional images are individually analyzed

Visibility of the mandibular canal on CBCT crosssectional images

The identification of the mandibular canal (MC) is an important prerequisite for surgical procedures involving the posterior mandible. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) represents an advance in imaging technology, but distinguishing the MC from surrounding structures may remain a delicate task. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the visibility of the MC in different regions on CBCT cross-sectional images. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CBCT cross-sectional images of 58 patients (116 hemi-mandibles) were analyzed, and the visibility of the MC in different regions was assessed. RESULTS: The MC was clearly visible in 53% of the hemi-mandibles. Difficult and very difficult visualizations were registered in 25% and 22% of the hemi-mandibles, respectively. The visibility of the MC on distal regions was superior when compared to regions closer to the mental foramen. No differences were found between edentulous and tooth-bearing areas. CONCLUSIONS: The MC presents an overall satisfactory visibility on CBCT cross-sectional images in most cases. However, the discrimination of the canal from its surrounds becomes less obvious towards the mental foramen region when cross-sectional images are individually analyzed

Assessment of spontaneous resolution of idiopathic bone cavity

Idiopathic Bone Cavity (IBC) or Simple Bone Cyst (SBC) is a non- epithelialized bone cavity with serosanguinous fluid content or empty. There is a literature debate regarding its pathogenesis that remains unclear. The main treatment option is the surgical exploration, although there are successful cases described in the literature in which just a follow-up with clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed. Objective: This study aimed to assess the spontaneous resolution of idiopathic bone cavity untreated by surgery. Material and Methods: Twenty-one patients diagnosed with surgically untreated IBC were submitted to a follow-up protocol modified from Damante, Guerra, and Ferreira5 (2002). A clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed in 13 patients (13/21), while eight patients (8/21) were only radiographically evaluated. Three observers evaluated the panoramic radiographs of 21 patients and the Kappa test was performed by intra and inter-examiners. Inductive and descriptive statistics were applied to the results. Results: Only one patient had a positive response to palpation and percussion of the teeth in the cyst area. Most of the cysts evaluated were rated as 3 (lesion “in involution”), 4 (lesion “almost completely resolved”), or 5 (“completely resolved”). Conclusions: We observed progressive spontaneous resolution of IBC. Most cysts were found in the recovery process in different follow-up periods. Patient's follow-up, without surgery, may be considered after the diagnosis based on epidemiological, clinical, and radiographic features of the lesion

ATENDIMENTO MULTIDISCIPLINAR NO PACIENTE COM CÂNCER DE CABEÇA E PESCOÇO.

A atuação multidisciplinar em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço pós-radioterapia é importante para a recuperação do paciente e manutenção de sua qualidade de vida antes, durante e após o tratamento. Paciente do sexo feminino, 45 anos, diagnosticada com carcinoma anexial microcístico em lábio superior, submetida à exérese do tumor e tratamento radioterápico (IMRT) na região do lábio superior (dose total 6600 Gy, 33 sessões). No exame clinico prévio a radioterapia, a paciente apresentou gengivite moderada generalizada, estalidos na articulação temporomandibular direita e abertura bucal máxima de 2,9 mm, foram então realizados procedimentos odontológicos de adequação dentária com raspagem e controle de placa. Durante o tratamento radioterápico, a paciente recebeu sessões de laserterapia (dose 20J/cm2) para tratamento mucosite oral grau I (OMS) em lábio e mucosa jugal, associado ao uso de pomada a base de lanolina para mucosa labial, saliva artificial, benzocaina spray para alívio da dor bucal e clorexidina 0,12% bochecho para controle da placa bacteriana. Na reavaliação realizada pela fisioterapia, demonstrou a presença de trismo e fibrose cicatricial, o qual foi proposto tratamento com exercícios de abertura de boca, mímica facial e massagem no local da cicatriz diariamente. Após 10 sessões de laserterapia e dos cuidados propostos, a paciente já não apresentava mais mucosite oral, dor ou desconforto na boca, e a abordagem fisioterapêutica ocasionou melhora na abertura de boca (47,5 mm), função muscular e diminuição da aderência cicatricial. O atendimento multidisciplinar foi positivo, principalmente no controle da dor, na mucosite e aumento na abertura bucal proporcionando uma melhora na qualidade de vida da paciente durante o tratamento radioterápico

Human Rotavirus Serotype G9, São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2003

Diverse rotavirus strains are present, and frequency of G9 is high

Genome of Herbaspirillum seropedicae Strain SmR1, a Specialized Diazotrophic Endophyte of Tropical Grasses

The molecular mechanisms of plant recognition, colonization, and nutrient exchange between diazotrophic endophytes and plants are scarcely known. Herbaspirillum seropedicae is an endophytic bacterium capable of colonizing intercellular spaces of grasses such as rice and sugar cane. The genome of H. seropedicae strain SmR1 was sequenced and annotated by The Paraná State Genome Programme—GENOPAR. The genome is composed of a circular chromosome of 5,513,887 bp and contains a total of 4,804 genes. The genome sequence revealed that H. seropedicae is a highly versatile microorganism with capacity to metabolize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources and with possession of four distinct terminal oxidases. The genome contains a multitude of protein secretion systems, including type I, type II, type III, type V, and type VI secretion systems, and type IV pili, suggesting a high potential to interact with host plants. H. seropedicae is able to synthesize indole acetic acid as reflected by the four IAA biosynthetic pathways present. A gene coding for ACC deaminase, which may be involved in modulating the associated plant ethylene-signaling pathway, is also present. Genes for hemagglutinins/hemolysins/adhesins were found and may play a role in plant cell surface adhesion. These features may endow H. seropedicae with the ability to establish an endophytic life-style in a large number of plant species

Longitudinal study of transmission, diversity and stability of mutans streptococci genotypes in Brazilian families

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar longitudinalmente a transmissão de Streptococcus mutans em um grupo de famílias brasileiras de baixa renda. Um critério de inclusão importante foi o de todos os adultos conviverem na mesma casa com a criança. Participaram da pesquisa 14 mães, pais e crianças e 8 avós. Amostras de saliva das crianças foram coletadas em quatro visitas durante 22 meses, para pesquisa de S.mutans. Foram positivas apenas 8 crianças, que tiveram os seus isolados e os isolados de suas famílias identificados pelo método de hibridização DNA-DNA. Um total de 506 isolados de S.mutans foi genotipado pelo método de AP-PCR, usando o primer OPA-02. Foram detectados 20 genótipos diferentes nas 8 famílias, variando de 1 a 5 nos adultos e 1-2 nas crianças. Todas as mães e alguns pais e avós compartilharam genótipos com as crianças. Em todas as famílias foram encontrados genótipos homólogos nos adultos. Alguns genótipos foram estáveis, e outros, se perderam, mas o compartilhamento pode favorecer a contínua reinfecção. Três crianças desenvolveram cárie no período. O encontro de genótipos de cada membro da família na criança e o compartilhar de genótipos nos adultos, sugerem uma reavaliação de modelos preventivos antimicrobianos focalizados apenas na figura materna.The objective of this study was to investigate in a longitudinal study the transmission of Streptococcus mutans in Brazilian families of a low socioeconomic status. An important entry criterion for the study was to include all members of a household in the study. The study cohort was comprised of 14 mothers, fathers and children and 8 grandmothers. Saliva samples were collected for S. mutans analysis in 4 visits during 22 months. Only eight children were positive for S. mutans by employing DNA-DNA hybridization that was also applied to household members. A total of 506 isolates of S. mutans were genotyped by AP-PCR with the primer OPA-02. Twenty genotypes were detected in 8 families ranging from 1 to 5 in the adults and 1-2 in the children. All mothers and some fathers and grandmothers shared similar genotypes with the children. In all families homologous genotypes were encountered among adults. Some genotypes were stable, and others were lost although sharing a similar environment may favor additional transmission episodes. Three children developed decay during the study period. The fact that children shared genotypes from all household members suggest that reevaluation of preventive methods aimed at suppressing S. mutans infections should include additional family members and not only the mothers