Breathing disorders in congestive heart failure: gender, etiology and mortality

We investigated the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) while awake as well as mortality. Eighty-nine consecutive outpatients (29 females) with congestive heart failure (CHF; left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF <45%) were prospectively evaluated. The presence of SDB and of CSR while awake before sleep onset was investigated by polysomnography. SDB prevalence was 81 and 56%, using apnea-hypopnea index cutoffs >5 and >15, respectively. CHF etiologies were similar according to the prevalence of SDB and sleep pattern. Males and females were similar in age, body mass index, and LVEF. Males presented more SDB (P = 0.01), higher apnea-hypopnea index (P = 0.04), more light sleep (stages 1 and 2; P < 0.05), and less deep sleep (P < 0.001) than females. During follow-up (25 ± 10 months), 27% of the population died. Non-survivors had lower LVEF (P = 0.01), worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification (P = 0.03), and higher CSR while awake (P < 0.001) than survivors. As determined by Cox proportional model, NYHA class IV (RR = 3.95, 95%CI = 1.37-11.38, P = 0.011) and CSR while awake with a marginal significance (RR = 2.96, 95%CI = 0.94-9.33, P = 0.064) were associated with mortality. In conclusion, the prevalence of SDB and sleep pattern of patients with Chagas' disease were similar to that of patients with CHF due to other etiologies. Males presented more frequent and more severe SDB and worse sleep quality than females. The presence of CSR while awake, but not during sleep, may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with CHF

Breathing disorders in congestive heart failure: gender, etiology and mortality

We investigated the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) while awake as well as mortality. Eighty-nine consecutive outpatients (29 females) with congestive heart failure (CHF; left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF <45%) were prospectively evaluated. The presence of SDB and of CSR while awake before sleep onset was investigated by polysomnography. SDB prevalence was 81 and 56%, using apnea-hypopnea index cutoffs >5 and >15, respectively. CHF etiologies were similar according to the prevalence of SDB and sleep pattern. Males and females were similar in age, body mass index, and LVEF. Males presented more SDB (P = 0.01), higher apnea-hypopnea index (P = 0.04), more light sleep (stages 1 and 2; P < 0.05), and less deep sleep (P < 0.001) than females. During follow-up (25 ± 10 months), 27% of the population died. Non-survivors had lower LVEF (P = 0.01), worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification (P = 0.03), and higher CSR while awake (P < 0.001) than survivors. As determined by Cox proportional model, NYHA class IV (RR = 3.95, 95%CI = 1.37-11.38, P = 0.011) and CSR while awake with a marginal significance (RR = 2.96, 95%CI = 0.94-9.33, P = 0.064) were associated with mortality. In conclusion, the prevalence of SDB and sleep pattern of patients with Chagas' disease were similar to that of patients with CHF due to other etiologies. Males presented more frequent and more severe SDB and worse sleep quality than females. The presence of CSR while awake, but not during sleep, may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with CHF

Água E Saúde No Município De Igarapé-açu, Pará

This article aims to analyze and understand the relationship between water and health in rural communities located in the watershed of Cumaru stream, in the municipality Igarapé-Açu, North-east of Pará state. The harvesting and treatment of the water conducted by the rural population for human consumption were assessed, considering their practices of sanitary sewer, since these aspects have direct impact on their health. This study is based on field research with a quantitative approach. Closed questionnaire was used to raise the sources of water harvesting, rural sanitation, and use of agricultural inputs. We used participant observation, when focusing on the functioning of the agricultural establishment, to observe from various angles the relationship between water and health. We noted that the vulnerability of the water resources accessed by the population is a factor that contributes to the contamination of the sources, therefore a threat to the health of the rural population. However, the perception of the population is notable regarding deeper water sources, such as tube wells, which are priorities for water harvesting. © 2016, UNIV SAOPAULO. All rights reserved.2541095110

Plasma lipoxin A4 and resolvin D1 are not associated with reduced adenoma risk in a randomized trial of aspirin to prevent colon adenomas

Inflammation plays a major role in colon carcinogenesis. Endogenously produced specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play a central role in inflammation and tissue homeostasis, and have been implicated in carcinogenesis. We studied the associations of plasma levels of two SPMs [lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and resolvin D1(RvD1)] with risk for recurrent adenoma. In this pilot study, we used data and biosamples from an adenoma chemoprevention study investigating the effects of aspirin and/or folic acid on the occurrence of colorectal adenomas. In the parent study, 1121 participants with a recent adenoma were randomized to study agents to be taken until the next surveillance colonoscopy about 3 years later. In this pilot study, LXA4 and RvD1 from samples taken near the end of study treatment were measured in a randomly selected sub-set of 200 participants. Commercially available ELISA kits to assay the analytes were validated using a metabololipidomic LC-MS/MS assay. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used to calculate risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Plasma LXA4 and RvD1 were not associated with the risk of adenoma occurrence. LXA4 at the end of study follow-up was 32% (P = 0.01) proportionately higher in women compared to men. A similar non-significant trend toward higher levels among women was observed for RvD1. Our preliminary findings provided no evidence that plasma LXA4 or RvD1 are associated with reduced risk of colorectal adenoma occurrence, but suggest LXA4 may differ among men and women. Future studies focusing on SPM's local effects and levels in the colon are needed

First steps on the resistance profiling of Kawisari coffee hybrid through cytological and gene expression analyses

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cross-sectional Survey of Hantavirus Infection, Brazil

A cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted to assess the proportion of persons exposed to hantaviruses in a virus-endemic area of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Findings of this study suggested the presence of >1 hantaviruses circulating in this region causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mild disease, or asymptomatic infection

Uso da krigagem na avaliação da variabilidade espacial de atributos físicos do solo com diferentes tipos de preparo inicial

A técnica geoestatística, moderada pelo semivariograma e krigagem, permite obter um diagnóstico específico dentro de um talhão, que poderão requerer intervenções de manejos específicas. Tais informações são importantes para tomadas de decisão aquando do preparo do solo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial de algumas propriedades físicas do solo antes e depois de seu preparo inicial com diferentes trações e implementos agrícolas. O ensaio foi instalado na Quinta do Poulão da Escola Superior Agrária de Bragança, Portugal (41°46’49.53’’N 6°47’57.50’’O) em um Fluvisssolo Êutrico de aluvião. O experimento foi conduzido no mês de janeiro de 2018 em umaárea experimental com a cultura de milho (Zea mays) e foi dividida em 6 subparcelas de 60 m2: Tração animal + Arado (T1); Tração animal + Escarificador (T2); Tração animal + Arado + Escarificador (T3); Tração motorizada + Arado (T4); Tração motorizada + Escarificador (T5); Tração motorizada + Arado + Escarificador (T6). Foi confeccionada uma malha geoestatística composta por 48 pontos amostrais. Foi analisada a densidade do solo (DS), resistência do solo à penetração de raízes (RP) e Umidade gravimétrica (UG) em três profundidades: 1. 0‐0,05 m; 2. 0,05‐0,10 m; 3. 0,10‐0,20 m. Foi avaliado o grau da dependência espacial (ADE) e, por meio da krigagem, os mapas detalhados da variabilidade espacial dos atributos. A DS3, UG1, UG2 e UG3 apresentaram efeito pepita puro, ou seja, não mostraram dependência espacial entre os pontos amostrais. A DS2 mostrou maior r2 (0,710) e a RP3 maior ADE (85,5%). Os mapas tornam evidente que as subparcelas T2 e T5 estavam mais compactadase o preparo apenas com escarificador não influenciou os atributos estudados. Já a combinação dos implementos com tração motorizada revelou um efeito expressivo ao diminuir a densidade do solo na profundidade de 0‐0,10 m. Conclui‐se que o tratamento com tração motorizada e escarificador teve influência mais evidente nos atributos estudados na profundidade de 0‐0,10 m e que, em futuros manejos precisos, as subparcelas T2 e T5 devem receber maiores preparos, com uso dos dois implementos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análise de atributos físicos do solo em função de seu preparo com diferentes trações e implementos agrícolas

O manejo do solo com máquinas em pequenas áreas pode ser mais difícil operacionalmente do que o trabalho com animais, porém, existe a carência de estudos que indiquem diferenças e consequências nas propriedades físicas do solo entre os dois tipos de preparo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência do preparo do soloem algumas de suas propriedades físicas por meio de tração animal e motorizada com arado e escarificador. O ensaio foi instalado na Quinta do Poulão do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal (41°46’49.53’’N 6°47’57.50’’O) em um Fluvisssolo Êutrico de aluvião. O experimento foi conduzido no mês de janeiro de 2018 em umaárea experimental com restolho da cultura de milho (Zea mays) e foi dividida em 6 subparcelas de 60 m2 com os seguintes tratamentos: Tração animal + Arado (T1); Tração animal + Escarificador (T2); Tração animal + Arado + Escarificador (T3); Tração motorizada + Arado (T4); Tração motorizada + Escarificador (T5); Tração motorizada + Arado + Escarificador (T6). Utilizou‐se o delineamento experimental em sistema fatorial duplo (3x2), com quatro repetições, e depois submetidas ao teste de Tukey a 5%. Foi analisada a densidade do solo (DS), resistência do solo à penetração de raízes (RP) e Umidade gravimétrica (UG) antes e depois do preparo do solo, em três profundidades: 1. 0‐0,05 m; 2. 0,05‐0,10 m; 3. 0,10‐0,20 m. Antes do preparo do solo não se registaram diferenças significativas entre tratamentos, mostrando que a área experimental era uniforme quanto às propriedades analisadas. Depois do preparo do solo, o T6 apresentou menor DS1 (1,03 g.cm‐3; p<0,05) e o T2, a maior (1,50 g.cm‐3; p<0,05). A média geral da RP1 mostrou melhor resultado pela tração motorizada (0,72 MPa e 0,40 MPa para tração animal e tração motorizada, respectivamente; p<0,05). A UG não apresentou diferenças significativas depois dos preparos realizados. O estudo demonstrou que a tração mecânica com utilização dos dois implementos foi mais eficiente na descompactação e preparo do solo na camada de 0‐0,05 m, uma vez que o escarificador traçado pelo animal não teve força para penetrar no solo.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Proliferation, apoptosis and their regulatory protein expression in colorectal adenomas and serrated lesions

Background Adenomas and serrated lesions represent heterogeneous sets of early precursors in the colorectum with varying malignant potential. They are often distinguished by their histopathologic differences, but little is known about potential differences in regulation of epithelial proliferation and apoptosis. Methods We conducted a protein expression analysis using tissue microarrays of 625 colorectal adenomas and 142 serrated lesions to determine potential differences in regulation of epithelial proliferation and apoptosis. We quantitated proliferation with Ki-67; apoptosis with activated caspase-3 (CASP3); up- and down-regulators of proliferation with cyclin D1, p16INK2, and p21Cip1; and apoptosis regulators with BAX, BCL2, and survivin. Linear mixed effects models and circos diagrams were used to determine relationships among expression and lesion characteristics. Results Adenomas had a significantly higher CASP-3 labeling index (LI) than serrated lesions, resulting in a lower net growth ratio (Ki-67 LI/activated CASP-3 LI, p-value&lt;0.0001). Cyclin D1 LI, p16 LI and p21 LI were lower in adenomas compared to serrated lesions, while expression of both BCL2 and BAX were higher (p &lt;0.001). Among adenomas, cyclin D1 LI and p16 LI levels increased with greater villous component, and the highest BAX expression was detected in adenomas larger than 2 cm (both p&lt;0.0001). Right-sided adenomas had higher CASP3 LI than left colorectal adenomas (p = 0.008). Significant differences in cyclin D1 LI, p21 LI and survivin LI were also observed across histopathologic subtypes of serrated lesions. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate different patterns of regulatory protein expression in adenomas than serrated lesions, especially involving apoptosis