DURAÇÃO DO DESEMPREGO NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE SALVADOR: MENSURAÇÃO E ANÁLISE

This article analyse the average complete duration of unemployment of the Metropolitan Areas of Salvador (RMS) using Employment and Unemployment Research (PED) data. For in such a way, a new methodology is used, that allows from cross section data, to estimate this duration based on unemployment continuation probability. This methodology comes being presented in the works of Baker (1992), Corak, Heisz (1995) and Sider (1985). The main focus of the paper is to analyze the distinction between the average complete duration (stationary and non stationary) and the average incomplete duration of unemployment, such as presented in the official statistics. The heterogeneity existence between durations and the determinants of unemployment is still argued. The results evidence that the non stationary measures are a more accurate indicators of prevailing labor market conditions. The heterogeneity existence in unemployment durations by social groups in RMS is also evidenced. Finally, it is observed that increases in the unemployment are reflected basically in the increase in durations.

Avaliação da duração do desemprego nas regiões metropolitanas de Salvador e de São Paulo

Este trabalho analisou a duração completa do desemprego nas regiões metropolitanas de Salvador e de São Paulo, no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2002. Para tanto, utilizou-se de uma amostra de 25.477 pessoas da rms e de 28.285 da rmsp, cujas informações foram levantadas pela Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego. O procedimento metodológico busca estimar essa duração por meio de dados cross-section e do uso de coortes de desempregados em um período selecionado. O objetivo é verificar a probabilidade de passagem de uma coorte à outra, tal como sugerido por Sider (1985), Corak e Heisz (1995b) e Baker, Corak e Heisz (1996). As durações completas foram calculadas por três formas de medida: duração para trás, em estado estacionário e duração para a frente. A incidência de desempregados e as participações no estoque foram ainda estimadas, por sexo, cor, condição de chefe de família, de jovem e faixas de escolaridade. Foi também verificada a influência que a taxa de desemprego exerce sobre a duração do desemprego. Os resultados apontam uma duração média em estado estacionário de 9,4 meses para a rms e de 8,8 meses para a rmsp, quando as durações incompletas foram estimadas em 22,3 e 19,5 meses, respectivamente

NECESSIDADES E OS CONDICIONANTES DA SEGUNDA OCUPAÇÃO

Este trabalho analisa o importante contingente de pessoas com uma segunda ocupação na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS). Fazendo uso da base de dados da Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego da Região Metropolitana de Salvador (PED-RMS), este artigo estudou a formação do rendimento da segunda ocupação, sob o ponto de vista econométrico, procurando estabelecer os princípios determinantes e condicionantes que levam os trabalhadores a buscar uma segunda atividade no mercado de trabalho. Além disso, este trabalho também analisou a participação dos trabalhadores na ocupação adicional, através de um modelo logit, visando destacar a contribuição dos principais elementos que influenciam a decisão de essas pessoas buscarem uma segunda inserção no mercado de trabalho. Os resultados econométricos revelaram que os trabalhadores mais propensos ao segundo emprego são as mulheres, os chefes de família e os assalariados, os quais são impelidos a procurar uma segunda ocupação basicamente em decorrência dos baixos ganhos no trabalho principal. De fato, essa fonte de rendimento adicional é um fator determinante que leva os trabalhadores a buscarem um segundo emprego no mercado de trabalho. No entanto, percebe-se também que a decisão do trabalhador em participar pela segunda vez na força de trabalho deve-se em muito ao nível de esforço (medido em horas dedicadas ao trabalho) que o mesmo aplica nessa ocupação adicional.This paper examines the contingent of people with second job in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (RMS). Using data of the Employment and Unemployment Research of the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (PED/RMS), this paper studies the income formation of second job, trying to establish under the econometric point of view the principles, determinants and restrictions that lead these workers to look for a second occupation in the labor market. Besides that, this essay also studied the additional participation of workers in the labor force, through a logit model, as means of distinguish the main elements that influence workers decision to seek a second insertion in the labor market. The econometric results reveal that women, family heads, and wagers are more prone to look for a second occupation in the labor market, basically to complement lower wages in their principal jobs. As a matter of fact, this additional source of income is the more important element that lead workers to get a second job in the labor market. Meanwhile, the workers' decision to participate in the labor force by the second time is mainly due to effort (measured by time applied to work) they are able to offer in this second occupation

Combining ability of summer-squash lines with different degrees of parthenocarpy and PRSV-W resistance

The aim was to assess heterosis in a set of 16 summer-squash hybrids, and evaluate the combining capacity of the respective parental lines, which differed as to the degree of parthenocarpy and resistance to PRSV-W (Papaya Ringspot Virus-Watermelon strain). The hybrids were obtained using a partial diallel cross design (4 × 4). The lines of parental group I were 1 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-01-01-bulk, 2 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-03-10-bulk, 3 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-01-04-bulk and 4 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-05-01-bulk, and of group II, 1′ = ABX-037G-77-03-05-04-08-bulk, 2′ = ABX-037G-77-03-05-02-11-bulk, 3′ = Clarice and 4′ = Caserta. The 16 hybrids and eight parental lines were evaluated for PRSV-W resistance, parthenocarpic expression and yield in randomized complete-block designs, with three replications. Parthenocarpy and the resistance to PRSV-W were rated by means of a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 = non-parthenocarpic or high resistance to PRSV-W, and 5 = parthenocarpic or high susceptibility to PRSV-W. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were important in the expression of parthenocarpy and resistance to PRSV-W. Whereas estimates of heterosis in parthenocarpy usually tended towards a higher degree, resistance to PRSV-W was towards higher susceptibility. At least one F1 hybrid was identified with a satisfactory degree of parthenocarpy, resistance to PRSV-W and high fruit-yield

The precordial electrocardiogram

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32574/1/0000703.pd

Magnetism in Dense Quark Matter

We review the mechanisms via which an external magnetic field can affect the ground state of cold and dense quark matter. In the absence of a magnetic field, at asymptotically high densities, cold quark matter is in the Color-Flavor-Locked (CFL) phase of color superconductivity characterized by three scales: the superconducting gap, the gluon Meissner mass, and the baryonic chemical potential. When an applied magnetic field becomes comparable with each of these scales, new phases and/or condensates may emerge. They include the magnetic CFL (MCFL) phase that becomes relevant for fields of the order of the gap scale; the paramagnetic CFL, important when the field is of the order of the Meissner mass, and a spin-one condensate associated to the magnetic moment of the Cooper pairs, significant at fields of the order of the chemical potential. We discuss the equation of state (EoS) of MCFL matter for a large range of field values and consider possible applications of the magnetic effects on dense quark matter to the astrophysics of compact stars.Comment: To appear in Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter in magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K. Landsteiner, A. Schmitt, H.-U. Ye

Room temperature methoxylation in zeolites: insight into a key step of the methanol-to-hydrocarbons process

Neutron scattering methods observed complete room temperature conversion of methanol to framework methoxy in a commercial sample of methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) catalyst H-ZSM-5, evidenced by methanol immobility and vibrational spectra matched by ab initio calculations. No methoxylation was observed in a commercial HY sample, attributed to the dealumination involved in high silica HY synthesis