42,423 research outputs found
Projected Red Pine Yields from Aldrin-Treated and Untreated Stands Damaged by White Grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and Other Agents at Stand Age Ten Years
White grubs affect pine plantations by killing some trees and by reducing vigor and growth of others. Light to moderate mortality only slightly affects timber yields and financial re- turns if the level of trees remains at the number required for full utilization of the site. Reduced height growth, however, lowers apparent site quality and substantially affects yields and financial returns. The 100 year projections suggest that greater product volumes, financial returns. and higher interest rates on the investment will be gained by grub control before tree growth is reduced
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Fungal community assembly in soils and roots under plant invasion and nitrogen deposition
OFFERING FOOD DISTRIBUTION-RELATED COURSES IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS CURRICULA: PERSPECTIVES FROM ACROSS THE U.S.
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,
Manipulation of single-photon states encoded in transverse spatial modes: possible and impossible tasks
Controlled generation and manipulation of photon states encoded in their
spatial degrees of freedom is a crucial ingredient in many quantum information
tasks exploiting higher-than-two dimensional encoding. Here, we prove the
impossibility to arbitrarily modify -level state superpositions (quits)
for , encoded in the transverse modes of light, with optical components
associated to the group of symplectic transforms (Gaussian operations).
Surprisingly, we also provide an explicit construction of how non-Gaussian
operations acting on mode subspaces do enable to overcome the limit . In
addition, this set of operations realizes the full SU(3) algebra.Comment: Published in PR
Malaria-filaria coinfection in mice makes malarial disease more severe unless filarial infection achieves patency
Coinfections are common in natural populations, and the literature suggests that helminth coinfection readily affects how the immune system manages malaria. For example, type 1–dependent control of malaria parasitemia might be impaired by the type 2 milieu of preexisting helminth infection. Alternatively, immunomodulatory effects of helminths might affect the likelihood of malarial immunopathology. Using rodent models of lymphatic filariasis (Litomosoides sigmodontis) and noncerebral malaria (clone AS Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi), we quantified disease severity, parasitemia, and polyclonal splenic immune responses in BALB/c mice. We found that coinfected mice, particularly those that did not have microfilaremia (Mf), had more severe anemia and loss of body mass than did mice with malaria alone. Even when controlling for parasitemia, malaria was most severe in Mf coinfected mice, and this was associated with increased interferon-g responsiveness. Thus, in Mf mice, filariasis upset a delicate immunological balance in malaria infection and exacerbated malaria-induced immunopathology. Helminth infections are prevalent throughout tropical regions where malaria is transmitted [1–5]. Interactions among infections commonly alter disease severity [6, 7], and malaria-helminth coinfection can either exac
Temperature Dependence of the Conductivity Sum Rule in the Normal State due to Inelastic Scattering
We examine the temperature dependence of the optical sum rule in the normal
state due to interactions. To be concrete we adopt a weak coupling approach
which uses an electron-boson exchange model to describe inelastic scattering of
the electrons with a boson, in the Migdal approximation. While a number of
recent works attribute the temperature dependence in the normal state to that
which arises in a Sommerfeld expansion, we show that in a wide parameter regime
this contribution can be quite small. Instead, most of the temperature
dependence arises from the zeroth order term in the `expansion', through the
temperature dependence of the spectral function, and the interaction parameters
contained therein. For low boson frequencies this circumstance causes a linear
T-dependence in the sum rule. We develop some analytical expressions and
understanding of the temperature dependence.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
Effective temperature of active matter
We follow the dynamics of an ensemble of interacting self-propelled motorized
particles in contact with an equilibrated thermal bath. We find that the
fluctuation-dissipation relation allows for the definition of an effective
temperature that is compatible with the results obtained using a tracer
particle as a thermometer. The effective temperature takes a value which is
higher than the temperature of the bath and it is continuously controlled by
the motor intensity
Local Temperature and Universal Heat Conduction in FPU chains
It is shown numerically that for Fermi Pasta Ulam (FPU) chains with
alternating masses and heat baths at slightly different temperatures at the
ends, the local temperature (LT) on small scales behaves paradoxically in
steady state. This expands the long established problem of equilibration of FPU
chains. A well-behaved LT appears to be achieved for equal mass chains; the
thermal conductivity is shown to diverge with chain length N as N^(1/3),
relevant for the much debated question of the universality of one dimensional
heat conduction. The reason why earlier simulations have obtained
systematically higher exponents is explained.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, revised published versio
Research Notes : United States : Measured and predicted yield response of soybeans to simulated acid rain
Modern soybean cultivars in the U.S. are highly related within the northern and within the southern maturity groups and they trace their genetic constitution to a small number of ancestral lines. On the other hand, there is much less genetic relationship between northern cultivars and southern cultivars. Examples of this can be seen in Figure 1, which shows the ancestral relationships among selected lines and cultivars developed from the northern and southern germplasm pools, respectively
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