Comparing Academic Performance Data of Students in Single-Gender Classroom: Which Gender Benefits the Most, African-American Males or African-American Females?

The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if single-gender settings have a statistically significant effect on African-American male and/or African-American female academic achievement on English assessment from sixth through eighth grade. Social science statistics were used to determine if a statistically significant difference occurred in the performance of African-American males and/or female students in single-gender classrooms compared to African-American male and female students in coed classrooms. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to assess if differences exist on a dependent variable (student achievement) by independent variables (instructional setting and gender). A statistically significant difference occurred among girls during sixth through eighth grade (girls in coed environments had higher achievement scores), among males in sixth and seventh grades (males in coed environments had higher achievement scores), and among boys and girls during eighth grade (boys exhibited a higher percentage of proficiency in single-gender contexts than girls in single-gender classrooms). Results suggest that coeducational environments are more academically advantageous for African-American middle school boys and girls, especially during younger years, than single-gender environments. Mean achievement scores increased among single-gender classrooms, according to gender and alongside year length or student age. This suggests that single-gender classrooms may be more academically advantageous as students age; however, this study suggests additional research to verify the credibility of this suggestion since this study focused primarily on assessing statistical significance, of which none was found in regard to single-gender classrooms being more academically advantageous than coed classrooms

Research barriers from the viewpoint of faculty members and employees of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences

Aims: Undoubtedly the power, development and real independency of countries have a straight relationship with their ability to produce science and developing research activities. This research was performed to determine the research barriers from the view point of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences faculty members and employees. Methods: In this descriptive analytic cross-sectional study which was carried out on in 2006-07, 480 of the faculty members and employees of on Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences were selected by census (for faculty members) and randomize cluster (for employees) sampling methods. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire consisting of 3 individual characteristics, organizational barriers and individual barriers in Likert scale. Data analysis was done by student’s T, Chi square and variance analysis tests. Results: 452 questionnaires were returned. The most important barriers of research were “inadequate incentives in researchers”, “inadequate time and lots of work”, “too much official red tapes”, “not using the research results” and “inability to translate Persian articles to other languages”, respectively. The least important barriers were “not interesting in research”, “difficulties in computer usage” and “limited benefit of research to patients”. The mean of organizational barriers was more than personal barriers (p<0.0001). There was a significant difference between the mean of organizational and individual barriers of research among faculty members and employees (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Removing these barriers by the research officials & hospital managers is necessary

Emergency escape system uses self-braking mechanism on fixed cable

Slide-wire system with a twist level slide device incorporates automatic descent and braking for the safe and rapid evacuation of personnel from tall structures. This device is used on any tall structure that might require emergency evacuation. It is also used to transfer materials and equipment

ANALISIS GANGGUAN HUBUNG SINGKAT PADA SALURAN UDARA 20 KV DI PENYULANG NAIONI PT. PLN (PERSERO) ULP KUPANG UNTUK MENENTUKAN KAPASITAS PEMUTUSAN FUSE CUT OUT MENGGUNAKAN ETAP 12.6

Jaringan distribusi di penyulang Naioni sering mengalami&nbsp; gangguan seperti gangguan hubung singkat, maka untuk meminimalisir dampak gangguan tersebut perlu adanya koordinasi antara peralatan proteksi yang terpasang.&nbsp; Salah satu peralatan proteksi yang di gunakan pada jaringan distribusi yaitu Fuse Cut Out (FCO). Fuse Cut Out sendiri adalah pengaman distribusi untuk memproteksi dari gangguan arus lebih akibat terjadinya gangguan hubung singkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan arus gangguan hubung singkat dan rating Fuse Cut Out pada penyulang Naioni Kupang, untuk keperluan koordinasi Fuse Cut Out dengan Fuse Cut Out, apabila terjadi gangguan hubung singkat di jaringan distribusi. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa Arus gangguan hubung singkat terkecil adalah gangguan hubung singkat 1 phasa ke tanah, dengan arus gangguan sebesar 0,524 kA. Arus gangguan hubung singkat terbesar yaitu gangguan hubung singkat 2 phasa ke tanah, dengan arus gangguan sebesar 12,099 kA. Penentuan Fuse Cut Out pada penyulang dihitung berdasarkan SPLN (64 : 1985). Rating Fuse Cut Out yang terpasang pada transformator adalah 2 A , 4 A dan 6A ,sedangkan Fuse Cut Out yang terpasang pada jaringan distribusi dengan kapasitas terkecil yaitu 4 A, dengan arus beban maximum 1,44 A, sedangkan Fuse Cut Out dengan kapasitas terbesar yaitu 200 A dengan arus beban maximum 111,66 A. Koordinasi antara Fuse Cut Out dengan Fuse Cut Out pada jaringan distribusi Penyulang Naioni, apabila terjadi gangguan hubung singkat maka zona pemutusan Fuse Cut Out terdiri dari zona tingkat satu, zona tingkat dua, zona tingkat tiga. Dengan waktu pemutusan dari 0,0001 s sampai 0,114 s dan gangguan hubung singkat yang terjadi sebesar 0,480 kA sampai&nbsp; 5,753 kA

First-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab in patients with advanced colorectal cancer prospectively stratified according to serum LDH: Final results of the GISCAD (Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancers) CENTRAL (ColorEctalavastiNTRiAlLdh) trial

Background:Previous findings suggested that bevacizumab might be able to improve response rate (RR) in colorectal cancer patients with high lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) basal levels.Methods:We conducted a phase II trial to prospectively ascertain whether bevacizumab in combination with FOLFIRI could have an improved clinical activity in patients with high LDH serum levels. Primary end point of the study was RR; secondary end points were median overall survival and median progression-free survival (mPFS).Results:A total of 81 patients were enrolled. No difference in terms of ORR (39% vs 31% for low vs high LDH level stratum, P=0.78) and mPFS (14.16 vs 10.29 months, HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.51-2.24, P=0.83) between the strata was observed, whereas overall survival (OS) was significantly longer for patients with low LDH (24.85 vs 15.14 months, HR: 4.08, 95% CI: 1.14-14.61, P=0.0004). In a not-pre-planned exploratory analysis using different cut-off ranges for LDH, we observed RR up to 70%, with no improvement in progression-free survival or OS.Conclusions:The CENTRAL trial failed to demonstrate that high LDH levels were related to a significantly improved RR in patients receiving first-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab. The LDH serum levels should then no further be investigated as a predictive factor in this setting

Association of kidney disease measures with risk of renal function worsening in patients with type 1 diabetes

Background: Albuminuria has been classically considered a marker of kidney damage progression in diabetic patients and it is routinely assessed to monitor kidney function. However, the role of a mild GFR reduction on the development of stage 653 CKD has been less explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic role of kidney disease measures, namely albuminuria and reduced GFR, on the development of stage 653 CKD in a large cohort of patients affected by T1DM. Methods: A total of 4284 patients affected by T1DM followed-up at 76 diabetes centers participating to the Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists (Associazione Medici Diabetologi, AMD) initiative constitutes the study population. Urinary albumin excretion (ACR) and estimated GFR (eGFR) were retrieved and analyzed. The incidence of stage 653 CKD (eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or eGFR reduction &gt; 30% from baseline was evaluated. Results: The mean estimated GFR was 98 \ub1 17 mL/min/1.73m2 and the proportion of patients with albuminuria was 15.3% (n = 654) at baseline. About 8% (n = 337) of patients developed one of the two renal endpoints during the 4-year follow-up period. Age, albuminuria (micro or macro) and baseline eGFR &lt; 90 ml/min/m2 were independent risk factors for stage 653 CKD and renal function worsening. When compared to patients with eGFR &gt; 90 ml/min/1.73m2 and normoalbuminuria, those with albuminuria at baseline had a 1.69 greater risk of reaching stage 3 CKD, while patients with mild eGFR reduction (i.e. eGFR between 90 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) show a 3.81 greater risk that rose to 8.24 for those patients with albuminuria and mild eGFR reduction at baseline. Conclusions: Albuminuria and eGFR reduction represent independent risk factors for incident stage 653 CKD in T1DM patients. The simultaneous occurrence of reduced eGFR and albuminuria have a synergistic effect on renal function worsening

Sex Differences in Permanent Mandibular Tooth Development in Macaca nemestrina

Sex differences in dental maturation prior to and during adolescence in 40 unre­lated Macaca nemestrina were investigated. The data consisted of mixed longitudinal cephalometric films taken at regular intervals during this period. The mandibular premolars and molars presented the following sequence of initial calcification: M1 P3 (M2 P4) M3. In all stages of development, females tended to mature earlier than males, although only 10 of the 22 stages studied were significantly different. Of these, M3 crown completion, M1 cleft formation, and M3 apical closure were the most reliable for discriminating between sexes. The rate of formation of all teeth, with the exception of M3, was faster in the females than the males, and in both sexes the teeth completed their formation during adolescence. It was suggested that these sex differences in dental maturation may be associated with differences in the timing of hormone secretion, i.e., menarche