CLIL in teacher training: a Nottingham Trent University and University of Salamanca experience

As English tends to be regarded as a component of basic education, most European countries, Spain amongst them, are issuing legislation to establish the CLIL approach in educational settings. The article presents instances of the implementation of CLIL in the area of teacher training which stem from a long established cooperation between Nottingham Trent University and the University of Salamanca, to show how the CLIL potential can be enhanced and new levels of integration beyond subject and content can be achieved when CLIL initiatives are embedded in larger Language Teacher Education Frames of Reference thus bridging the gap between different cultural and pedagogical visions and making them socially relevant

Representative elementary area for multifractal analysis of soil porosity using entropy dimension

International audienceThe notion of representative elementary area (REA) developed to address heterogeneity and scale problems in quantitative soil pedology comes from the notion of representative elementary volume of fluid dynamics in porous media. The REA allows the identification of the minimum area of a soil block section that is required to represent the pedofeature of interest based on its distribution in soil space. In this paper eight samples were imaged with two different techniques: the confocal microscope and the conventional film camera. These techniques provided information about pore sizes between 3.62 ?m and 161.98 ?m, and between 39.72 ?m and 1776.34 ?m, respectively. Sixteen of the resulting digital images were then analyzed to investigate the representative elementary area of the multifractal patterns of the spatial distribution of voids related to the micro and macroporosity by means of the entropy dimension. Our results permit the location of the REA region over the domain of the microstructures rendered by the analysis of the microscope images. They also suggest that this region seemingly spans scales of the macrostructures as revealed by the analysis of the camera pictures

The lightest flavor--singlet qqq baryons as witnesses to color

We present a new computation in a field-theoretical model of Coulomb gauge QCD of the first radial and angular excitations of a qqq system in a SU(3) flavor singlet state, Lambda_S. The traditional motivation for the study is that the absence of flavor singlets in the lowest-lying spectrum is a direct consequence of the color degree of freedom. (The calculation is tested with decuplet baryons Delta(1232) and Omega(1672).) We also analyze decay branching fractions of the flavor singlet baryon for various masses with the simplest effective Lagrangians

Diaphragmatic Rupture Due To Closed Thoracobdominal Trauma: A Case Report

Background. Diaphragmatic injuries (DI) represent less than 1% of traumatic injuries; they are a marker of severe trauma due to associated injuries, although they often go undiagnosed as they remain hidden. If undetected, delayed herniation and strangulation of the abdominal organs into the chest cavity will result as the defect in the diaphragm is not repaired. DI occurs from penetrating or blunt trauma. The former occurs in approximately 67% of cases; direct injury to the diaphragm caused by automobile accidents has been reported. The remaining third is due to falls and crush injuries. Blunt trauma causes larger tears, even bilateral. Mortality from DI reaches 25% of cases and is higher in patients with blunt mechanisms of injury in the acute setting due to associated injuries. Mortality due to delayed presentation with hernia of abdominal contents into the chest due to previous penetrating trauma is 20% and increases with intestinal strangulation. Case presentation. Male, two years, and eight months-old, admitted to the emergency department due to thoraco-abdominal trauma due to being crushed by a truck tire. Tachypnea and stable vital signs were observed. Chest X-ray revealed elevated diaphragm and right pleural effusion. The patient continued to have dyspnea. Abdominal ultrasound confirmed elevation of the hemidiaphragm. Computed tomography of the chest showed the hepatic gland within the chest cavity. In the operating room, a right lateral thoracotomy was performed, observing diaphragmatic rupture. To correct and restore the hepatic gland to its normal anatomical site, the ruptured diaphragm was sutured with 2-0 Prolene®, supported with a bovine pericardium band, and subsequently a 12-Fr® chest tube was placed. In the end, it was closed by planes. Conclusions. The patient presented a blunt diaphragmatic injury. Intra-abdominal pressure increased above the tensile strength of diaphragmatic tissue. The patient evolved favorably in the postoperative period. He was kept under observation for ten days and was discharged without complications. After discharge, follow-up was performed without observing a diaphragmatic hernia or other injury

Wheel shape optimization approaches to reduce railway rolling noise

[EN] A wheel shape optimization of a railway wheel cross section by means of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) is presented with the aim of minimizing rolling noise radiation. Two different approaches have been implemented with this purpose, one centred on direct Sound poWer Level (SWL) minimization, calculated using TWINS methodology, and another one emphasizing computational efficiency, focused on natural frequencies maximization. Numerical simulations are carried out with a Finite Element Method (FEM) model using general axisymmetric elements. The design space is defined by a geometric parametrization of the wheel cross section with four parameters: wheel radius, a web thickness factor, fillet radius and web offset. For all wheel candidates a high-cycle fatigue analysis has been performed according to actual standards, in order to assure structural feasibility. Rolling noise reductions have been achieved, with a decrease of up to 5 dB(A) when considering the wheel component. Response surfaces have been also computed to study the dependency of the objective functions on the geometric parameters and to test the adequacy of the optimization algorithm applied.This study was financially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades - Agencia Estatal de Investigacion, European Regional Development Fund (project TRA2017-84701-R), and Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esport (Generalitat Valenciana, project Prometeo/2016/007).García-Andrés, FX.; Gutiérrez-Gil, J.; Martínez Casas, J.; Denia, FD. (2020). Wheel shape optimization approaches to reduce railway rolling noise. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. 62(5):2555-2570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-020-02700-6S25552570625Beranek LL (2007) Basic acoustical quantities: levels and decibels, chapter 1 pp 1–24, John Wiley & Sons, LtdBouvet P, Vincent N, Coblentz A, Demilly F (2000) Optimization of resilient wheels for rolling noise control. 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Remote mining: from clustering to DTM

LIDAR data acquisition is becoming an indispensable task for terrain characterization in large surfaces. In Mediterranean woods this job results hard due to the great variety of heights and forms, as well as sparse vegetation that they present. A new data mining-based approach is proposed with the aim of classifying LIDAR data clouds as a first step in DTM generation. The developed methodology consists in a multi-step iterative process that splits the data into different classes (ground and low/med/high vegetation) by means of a clustering algorithm. This method has been tested on three different areas of the southern Spain with successful results, verging on 80% hitsMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007-6808