Humic acids induce the expression of nitrate transporters in passion-fruit seedlings.

The management of organic fertilization in passion fruit has been carried out empirically based on the responses of the crops and the experience of farmers. Knowledge of the physiological responses of plants to organic fertilizers is essential to optimize fertilization programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differential expression of genes coding for nitrate transporters as well as plasma membrane H+-ATPase in passion fruit seedlings treated with different organic fertilizers in the presence or not of humic acids. The equivalent of one gram of total nitrogen dissolved in water from cattle manure, castor oil cake and urea were added and the seedlings were treated or not with a suspension of humic acids (2 mmol/L). Differential expression of low and high affinity nitrate transporters (PeNRT2.2 and PeNRT1.1 PeNRT2.2e) and H+-ATPase (PeMha) was performed by qRT-PCR. The use of cattle manure increased the differential expression of the high affinity transporter regarding to the control. The application of humic acids amplified the increase observed in the differential transcription of the high-affinity transporter with manure and urea fertilization, with no effect observed with the use of castor oil cake. Humic acids induced transcription of the gene encoding H+-ATPases in all treatments compared to control. The application of biofertilizer based on humic acids in low concentrations directly on the plant can be used with the objective of optimizing the organic fertilization of passion fruit with cattle manure and urea.Título em Português: Ácidos húmicos induzem a expressão dos transportadores de nitrato em mudas de maracujazeir

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Padrões de revelação e descoberta do abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes

The study on child and adolescent disclosure of sexual abuse is related to primary and secondary prevention, in addition to providing interventions for this type of violence. This article aims at characterizing the patterns of disclosure and discovery of sexual abuse, verifying its association to individual factors of the victims and perpetrators (age, sex) and relational factors (familiarity between victims and perpetrators, as well as with the recipient of the disclosure). The study analyzed 232 cases of sexual abuse retrieved from records of three specialized services, one service was localized in the Brazilian state of Pará (PA) and two in the state Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The patterns of disclosure and discovery were significantly associated to the age and sex of the victims, and the place of the sample (PA and RS). Intentional disclosure was more frequent among female victims (33.5%) and accidental detection was more frequent among males (44.7%). In the sample from PA, accidental detection (46.9%) was predominant, whereas among the victims from RS intentional disclosure prevailed (31.1%). The importance of issues such as gender, developmental stage and influence of cultural and structural factors in public policies to prevent sexual abuse is also discussed.O estudo sobre a revelação do abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes relaciona-se à prevenção primária/secundária, subsidiando intervenções neste tipo de violência. Este artigo objetivou caracterizar os padrões de revelação/descoberta do abuso sexual, verificando a as-sociação com fatores individuais das vítimas e dos agressores (idade, sexo) e fatores relacionais (familiaridade entre vítimas e agressores, e receptor da revelação). Foram analisados 232 prontuários de abuso sexual, registrados em três serviços especializados, sendo um localizado no estado brasileiro do Pará (PA) e dois no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Os padrões de reve-lação/descoberta foram significativamente associados à idade e sexo das vítimas, e ao local da amostra. A revelação intencional foi mais frequente entre vítimas do sexo feminino (33.5%) e a detecção acidental foi mais frequente entre meninos (44.7%). Na amostra do PA, predominou a detecção acidental (46.9%), enquanto entre as vítimas do RS houve a prevalência da revelação intencional (31.1%). Discute-se a importância de questões como gênero, etapa de desenvolvimento e influência dos fatores culturais e estruturais nas políticas públicas de prevenção do abuso sexual

Lanthanide(III) Chelates of DTPA Bis(amide) Glycoconjugates: Potential Imaging Agents Targeted at the Asyaloglycoprotein Receptor

The synthesis and characterisation of a new class of DTPA bis(amide) linked glycoconjugates of different sugars [lactose (Lac) and galactose (Gal)] and valencies (di and tetra) and their LnIII complexes is reported. The 1H NMR spectra of the SmIII and EuIII complexes of DTPAGal2, DTPAGal4, and DTPALac2, obtained between 7 and 80 °C, indicate that several of the four possible diastereoisomeric pairs of structures resulting from the chirality of the three bound DTPA nitrogen atoms are present in solution, with different relative populations. The dynamic effects of racemisation of the central nitrogen atom in the NMR spectra show that this process is fast at 60 °C for the SmIII complexes and slow at 7 °C for the EuIII complexes. The in vitro r1 nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) of the water protons of the GdIII-DTPA bis(amide) glycoconjugate containing two lactosyl moieties [GdIII-DTPALac2] was studied, yielding the molecular parameters that govern its relaxivity. Its r1 value, at 25 °C and 20 MHz, is 13 % higher than that reported for GdIII chelates of lower molecular weight DTPA bis(amides), such as DTPA-BMA, consistent with a five times larger tauR value. The water exchange rate, kex, and the electron spin relaxation parameters of the GdIII-DTPALac2 complex are within the usual range for similar GdIII-DTPA bis(amide) chelates. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005

Junction of ferromagnetic thin films

International audienceIn this paper, starting from the classical 3 D micromagnetic energy, we determine, via an asymptotic analysis, the free energy of two joined ferromagnetic thin Ølms. We distinguish diÆerent regimes depending on the limit of the ratio between the small thicknesses of the two Ølms

Targeting of lanthanide(III) chelates of DOTA-type glycoconjugates to the hepatic asyaloglycoprotein receptor: cell internalization and animal imaging studies

The characterization of a new class of hydrophilic liver-targeted agents for gamma-scintigraphy and MRI, consisting, respectively, of [153Sm]3+ or Gd3+ complexes of DOTA monoamide or bisamide linked glycoconjugates (DOTA = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid), is reported. In vitro studies show high uptake of radiolabeled [153Sm]-DOTAGal2 by the human hepatocyte carcinoma cell line Hep G2 containing the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R), which is decreased to less than 50% by the presence of its high-affinity ligand asialofetuin (ASF). In vivo biodistribution, gamma-imaging and pharmacokinetic studies on Wistar rats using the [153Sm]3+-labeled glycoconjugates show a high uptake in the receptor-rich organ liver of the radiolabeled compounds containing terminal galactosyl groups, but very little uptake for those compounds with terminal glycosyl groups. Blocking the receptor in vivo reduced liver uptake by 90%, strongly suggesting that the liver uptake of these compounds is mediated by their binding to the asyaloglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R). This study also demonstrated that the valency increase improves the targeting capability of the glycoconjugates, which is also affected by their topology. However despite the specific liver uptake of the radiolabeled galactose-bearing multivalent compounds, the animal MRI assessment of the corresponding Gd3+ chelates shows liver-to-kidney contrast effects which are not significantly better than those shown by GdDTPA. This probably results from the quick wash-out from the liver of these highly hydrophilic complexes, before they can be sufficiently concentrated within the hepatocytes via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd