Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Infecções do esterno pós revascularização do miocárdio: tratamento com retalhos miocutâneos e musculares Sternal infections after myocardial revascularization: treatment by myocutaneous and muscle flaps

No período de outubro de 1986 a janeiro de 1989, realizamos 445 esternotomias, sendo 158 para revascularização do miocárdio; em 92 pacientes, a artéria mamária interna esquerda (AMIE) foi utilizada. Dos 445 casos, sete pacientes tiveram infecção do esterno no período pós-operatório imediato. O tempo médio de aparecimento foi de 8,7 dias (4-15 dias), sendo que seis pacientes eram do sexo masculino e a idade média foi de 48,8 anos (35-60 anos). Em todos os casos, os pacientes estavam sendo submetidos à primeira cirurgia, tendo como possíveis fatores associados diabete (um caso), embolia pulmonar com insuficiência respiratória (um caso), síndrome de baixo débito (três casos), cirurgia prolongada (um caso) e dissecção da AMIE (seis casos). Na correção desta complicação, a associação de técnicas de cirurgia plástica, com a utilização de retalhos miocutâneos ou musculares, permitiu mais rápida recuperação dos pacientes, sem que tivéssemos óbitos nesta série. Os resultados estético e funcional foram considerados excelentes, com três pequenas deiscências tratadas ambulatorialmente. A identificação do germe através de cultura e a orientação do tratamento pelo antibiograma também se mostraram de grande importância, ao lado das técnicas cirúrgicas empregadas. Concluindo, julgamos que a intervenção precoce e agressiva nas infecções do esterno contribuiu, efetivamente, na queda da morbi-mortalidade desta complicação.<br>During the period of October 1986 to January 1989 we executed 445 sternotomies; 158 of these were for myocardial revascularization. In 92 cases the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was used. Of 445 cases, 7 patients developed sternal infection in the immediate post operative period. The average time for the infection to appear was 8.7 days (4-15 days). Of these, 6 patients were male with an average age of 48.8 years (35-60 years). All cases were first operations; complicating factors were diabetes (1 case), pulmonic emboly with respiratory insufficiency (1 case), low output syndrome (3 cases), prolonged surgery (1 case) and LIMA dissection (6 cases). With the use of plastic surgery techniques and myocutaneous and muscular flaps, complications were corrected and permitted a more rapid patient recovery, avoiding deaths in this period. The esthetic and functional results were considered excellent. Three small dehiscences were treated in the out-patient clinic. Also of great importance was the identification of the germes by cultures and the treatment based on antibiograms in conjunction with the surgical techniques aplied. In conclusion, we judged that in sternal infections, rapid and aggressive surgery avoided deaths

Medios locales y desarrollo municipal : un reto comunicacional

Los medios de comunicación locales pueden convertirse en un factor determinante del desarrollo municipal. Son actores que intervienen en la relación entre los gobiernos y los vecinos. Y de una correcta, equilibrada y transparente relación entre los tres actores se podrán obtener resultados en materia de construcción de ciudadanía y solución de los problemas puntuales de ciudades y pueblos, incluso más bien alejados de las grandes urbes. Para eso hay que conocerse y saber de las necesidades de cada uno. Y entender que se trata de la construcción de un proceso cuyo principal objetivo es la solución a las demandas de la gente. Y en ello los periodistas pueden ser fundamentales. La experiencia de una radio local permite acercar los problemas concretos de los vecinos a las autoridades y es una manera de lograr posibles respuestasFil: Roulier, Sergio. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales; Argentina

Ecocardiografia de pacientes talassêmicos sem insuficiência cardíaca em tratamento com transfusões sanguíneas e quelação

FUNDAMENTO: Pacientes com talassemia major (TM) apresentam hemólise crônica e necessitam de transfusões sanguíneas egularmente que podem causar cardiomiopatia por sobrecarga de ferro e insuficiência cardíaca crônica. A hemocromatose é caracterizada por acúmulo excessivo de ferro nos tecidos; acometimento do coração é a principal causa de óbito em pacientes com talassemia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as estruturas e a função cardíaca por meio de ecocardiografia com Doppler convencional e Doppler tecidual em pacientes com TM, sem evidência clínica de insuficiência cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo observacional prospectivo de 18 pacientes com TM que recebem transfusão sanguínea regularmente. Para avaliar, separadamente, os efeitos da anemia e da transfusão sanguínea, dois grupos controles pareados por gênero, idade, peso e altura foram incluídos: um com indivíduos saudáveis (Saudável, n = 18) e outro com pacientes com anemia por deficiência de ferro (Anemia, n = 18). Análise estatística foi realizada utilizando ANOVA seguida pelo teste de Tukey ou Kruskal-Wallis e teste de Dunn. RESULTADOS: As seguintes variáveis ecocardiográficas apresentaram valores significativamente mais elevados no grupo TM do que nos grupos Anemia e Saudável: índice de volume do átrio esquerdo (Saudável: 16,4 ± 6,08; Anemia: 17,9 ± 7,02; TM: 24,1 ± 8,30 cm/m); razão E/Em septal mitral (Saudável: 6,55 ± 1,60; Anemia: 6,74 ± 0,74; TM: 8,10 ± 1,31) e duração do fluxo reverso em veias pulmonares [Saudável: 74,0 (59,0-74,0); Anemia: 70,5 (67,0-74,0); TM: 111 (87,0-120) ms]. Arazão E/A mitral foi maior no grupo TM do que no grupo Anemia (Saudável: 1,80 ± 0,40; Anemia: 1,80 ± 0,24; TM: 2,03 ± 0,34). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos em variáveis estruturais do ventrículo esquerdo e em índices de função sistólica. CONCLUSÃO: A ecocardiografia com Doppler convencional e o Doppler tecidual permite que alterações na função diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo sejam identificadas em pacientes assintomáticos com talassemia major