Decanuclear Ln10 wheels and vertex-shared spirocyclic Ln5 cores: synthesis, structure, SMM behavior, and MCE properties

et al.The reaction of a Schiff base ligand (LH3) with lanthanide salts, pivalic acid and triethylamine in 1:1:1:3 and 4:5:8:20 stoichiometric ratios results in the formation of decanuclear Ln10 (Ln=Dy(1), Tb(2), and Gd (3)) and pentanuclear Ln5 complexes (Ln=Gd (4), Tb (5), and Dy (6)), respectively. The formation of Ln10 and Ln5 complexes are fully governed by the stoichiometry of the reagents used. Detailed magnetic studies on these complexes (1–6) have been carried out. Complex 1 shows a SMM behavior with an effective energy barrier for the reversal of the magnetization (Ueff)=16.12(8) K and relaxation time (τo)=3.3×10−5 s under 4000 Oe direct current (dc) field. Complex 6 shows the frequency dependent maxima in the out-of-phase signal under zero dc field, without achieving maxima above 2 K. Complexes 3 and 4 show a large magnetocaloric effect with the following characteristic values: −ΔSm=26.6 J kg−1 K−1 at T=2.2 K for 3 and −ΔSm=27.1 J kg−1 K−1 at T=2.4 K for 4, both for an applied field change of 7 T.We are thankful to the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, for financial support. S.D., A.D., S.K., and S.B. thank CSIR, India for Senior Research Fellowship. V.C. is thankful to the Department of Science and Technology for a J.C. Bose National Fellowship. EC is thankful for financial support to Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) for Projects CTQ-2011-24478, CTQ2014-56312-P, the Junta de Andalucía (FQM-195 and the Project of excellence P11-FQM-7756), the University of Granada financial support. M.E. acknowledges financial support from MINECO through grant MAT2012-38318-C03-01. ST thanks the Junta de Andalucía for a postdoctoral contract.Peer Reviewe

Introduction: Perspectives on Women’s Religious Activities in Early Modern Europe and the Americas

Proposing activity as a useful category of analysis, this special issue considers Catholic and Protestant women in Europe and the Americas in the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. We examine women in religious communities, which include both monastic communities as well as confessional communities. A close analysis of the social, economic, and cultural actions of these women religious challenges historiographical assumptions about monastic cloister and domestic space in the early modern period. In fact, we revisit monastic and domestic spaces to reveal them as stages for previously unexamined activity. This cross-denominational and transnational special issue highlights new spheres of women’s religious activity and raises new questions for the study of early modern women’s lives and their capacity to act in early modern society, economy, and culture

Full Load Testing Of A 12.5 MW Vertical High Speed Subsea Motorcompressor

Lecturepg. 79-92In late 2006 Authors’ company was awarded a contract for the motorcompressor for the Ormen Lange Subsea Compression Pilot. This Pilot represents the first subsea motorcompressor unit ever built in a fully marinized version and tested in a water pit, which was developed specifically for the project at the customer’s site (Nhyamna, Norway). The prototype unit is a 12.5MW (16763HP) integrated motorcompressor, which runs up to 10.5krpm in a vertical configuration with the following features: Single casing; High-speed motor rigidly coupled to a multistage centrifugal compressor (3 journal bearings shaft line); Canned Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBs); Process gas used as cooling fluid for the Electric Motor; Internal separation system (to protect the bearings and the electric motor from the intrusion of solid and liquid materials); Fully marinized AMBs control system; The design and validation plan for this complex equipment were developed through a four years program where many challenging milestones were achieved. The Ormen Lange Subsea Compression Pilot motorcompressor has successfully completed an intensive full load testing campaign in the Authors’ Company plant including the following: Static-dynamic tuning of the AMBs; Mechanical Running Test; Compressor Performance Test (ASME PTC-10 Type 2 + Full Load test); Electric Motor Performance Test; Overall cooling system check; Landing test (partial landing and full speed delevitation test). The test campaign has fully demonstrated the functionality of this prototype unit capable of operation in the service conditions. The Next step will be the shipment to the costumer site where the submerged testing will be conducted. This paper will provide a detailed description of the main test results of the subsea motorcompressor covering all aspects of the test program including rotordynamic behaviour, compressor thermodynamic performance, axial load variation versus operating conditions (monitored thanks to the thrust AMB), electric motor cooling system behaviour, electric motor performance, AMBs and control system operability. Of special interest is the rotor delevitation test from full speed consisting in the two ton rotor running at 10.5krpm dropping onto the mechanical emergency bearings until the machine reached a complete stop condition. This test, which was repeated 5 times, provided a full-scale verification of the landing numerical simulation developed by the authors (Ransom et al., 2009)

Modelling of Thermal Hyperemia in the Skin of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

The microcirculatory response to thermal stimulation involves both an axon reflex and NO-mediated activation. The analysis of the microcirculatory flow following thermal stimulation may therefore enhance the detection of any impairment of the small unmyelinated fibres that are involved in the axon reflex. The aim of this work is to establish a method of non-invasive measurement of small fibre impairment. The microcirculatory flow in response to local heating is measured by using a laser Doppler instrument, and mathematically modelled to extract a set of quantitative parameters. The results confirm that there is a significant difference in the parameters modelling the axon reflex between diabetic and control subjects, while no significant difference is found in the parameters modelling the NO-mediated activation

Review of Experimental Sub-Synchronous Vibrations on Large Size Tilting Pad Journal Bearings and Comparison with Analytical Predictions

LectureTilting pads journal bearing (TPJB) force coefficients are usually evaluated by the Lund approach where pad degrees of freedom are reduced to those of the shaft (8 Synchronous Reduced Coefficients), therefore for each shaft perturbation pads are assumed to simultaneously response. This assumption might not remain valid in the presence of a particular combination of rotor-bearings system and operating condition. In such systems pad inertia leads to a phase delay between the same pad and shaft movement. Depending on the rotor-bearing system the synchronous reduced assumption may not be accurate to identify the instability threshold speed and an explicit modeling of pad dynamic (degree of freedom) has to be incorporated into the rotordynamic analysis. The synchronous reduced method is still accurate in the determination of threshold speed for current turbomachine technology. For future advanced challenging applications the understanding and definition of the applicability of the reduced method is necessary. The predicted sub-synchronous instability (negative logarithmic decrement) presented in this paper are calculated by introducing in the finite element model (beam elements) additional nodes (respect to shaft generalized coordinates) at bearing locations to represent the pads degrees of freedom. The calculations were repeated to predict the instability threshold speed using the classical Lund approach and it has been verified that using this method the instability threshold speed is over predicted with respect to those obtained in the above mentioned analysis. The comparison of the calculations highlights the important difference in the speed threshold values given by the two methods for the system considered. A development activity has been performed to test a configuration of rotor-bearings system of high peripheral speed (> 75 m/s) and large bearing diameter (> 180 mm) verifying the tools prediction capability. The scope of this work is to compare experimental observed sub-synchronous vibration (instability threshold speed) with the predictions in order to consolidate the reliability of the method. To enforce the validation the same test are repeated with different TPJB designs in order to test different bearing configurations in terms of micro-geometry, pad arc length, pivot stiffness etc

Effects of rapid maxillary expander and delaire mask treatment on airway sagittal domention in pediatrc patirnts affected by class III malocclusion and obstructive sleep apnea syndeome

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that is very common in pediatric patients. In the literature, there are very few studies concerning the association between OSAS and class III malocclusion in children. The use of a rapid maxillary expander (RME) in association with the Delaire mask is a common treatment protocol for class III malocclusion. The aim of this work was to evaluate the cephalometric variations of upper airway dimensions and OSArelated clinical conditions after orthodontic treatment with an RME and the Delaire mask, as recorded in pediatric patients with a class III malocclusion who were affected by OSAS. In this preliminary study, 14 pediatric patients with mixed dentition, aged between 6 and 10 years, were selected. All patients were treated with an RME and the Delaire mask. Pre- and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were traced, analyzed, and compared. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the upper airway linear measurements and the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal dimensions (p ≤ 0.05). This increase creates an improvement in airway patency and in OSAS-related clinical conditions. The use of the RME in association with the Delaire mask can be effective in the treatment of pediatric patients with a class III malocclusion who are affected by OSAS

Spinal surgery complications: an unsolved problem—Is the World Health Organization Safety Surgical Checklist an useful tool to reduce them?

Abstract Purpose To investigate whether the World Health Organization Safety Surgical Checklist (SSC) is an effective tool to reduce complications in spinal surgery. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and radiological charts prospectively collected from patients who underwent a spinal surgery procedure from January 2010 to December 2012. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of complications between two periods, from January to December 2010 (without checklist) and from January 2011 and December 2012 (with checklist), in order to assess the checklist's effectiveness. Results The sample size was 917 patients with an average of 30-month follow-up. The mean age was 52.88 years. The majority of procedures were performed for oncological diseases (54.4%) and degenerative diseases (39.8%). In total, 159 complications were detected (17.3%). The overall incidence of complications for trauma, infectious pathology, oncology, and degenerative disease was 22.2%, 19.2%, 18.4%, and 15.3%, respectively. No correlation was observed between the type of pathology and the complication incidence. We observed a reduction in the overall incidence of complications following the introduction of the SSC: In 2010 without checklist, the incidence of complications was 24.2%, while in 2011 and 2012, following the checklist introduction, the incidence of complications was 16.7% and 11.7%, respectively (mean 14.2%). Conclusions The SSC seems to be an effective tool to reduce complications in spinal surgery. We propose to extend the use of checklist system also to the preoperative and postoperative phases in order to further reduce the incidence of complications. Graphic abstract These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material