Porównanie polsko-litewskiej Konstytucji z 3 maja 1791 r. z hiszpańską Konstytucją z 19 marca 1812 r.

The purpose of this article was to make a brief comparative analysis between the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and the Polish-Lithuanian Constitution of 1791. With this intention, the most characteristic features of each constitutional text were set out, and both the historical and social context prior to its promulgation and the circumstances that led to the drafting of both legal acts were analyzed. The similarities and contrasts of the political models established with both constitutions were observed, as well as the rights and freedoms recognized. Reference was also made to the founding fathers of the Constitutions and the ideological context that influenced them. Finally, the author mentioned the fate of both constitutions that were only in force for a short period of time. The article aimed to present these two legal acts that were a milestone in the constitutional and political history of each nation.Celem artykułu było przeprowadznie krótkiej analizy porównawczej hiszpańskiej Konstytucji z 1812 r. oraz polsko-litewskiej Konstytucji z 1791 r. W tym celu przedstawiono najbardziej charakterystyczne cechy każdej z nich oraz poddano analizie historyczny i społeczny kontekst poprzedzający ich ogłoszenie, a także okoliczności, które doprowadziły do opracowania projektów obu aktów prawnych. Uchwycono podobieństwa i różnice modeli politycznych oraz praw i wolności ustanowionych w obu konstytucjach. Odniesiono się też do ojców założycieli konstytucji i kontekstu ideologicznego, który na nich wpłynął. Ponadto autorka wspomina o losie obu Konstytucji, które obowiązywały jedynie przez krótki okres. Celem artykułu było przybliżenie tych dwóch aktów prawnych, stanowiących kamienie milowe w konstytucjonalnej i politycznej historii obu narodów

Solid fuels characterization: biomass vs coal

The use of renewable energy sources is becoming important to reduce global warming and to provide fuel supply. Biomass fuels have to be used in a clean and more efficient way; so, it’s important to know their chemical and physical characteristics, in order to choose the best energetic conversion process. In this project I have done solid fuel characterization, to create a database in compliance with Standard UNE, European CEN/TS. The parameters determined have been: moisture, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur (elemental analysis) and high and low heating value, present in the biomass and coal. The main samples analyzed are residual and forestry biomass, solid biofuels such as pellets and coals. In this project has been studied the different analyses, equipment behavior and standards for solid fuels with the aim of determining better fuel properties and thus achieve more efficient combustion conditions, minimizing the emission of gases and particles. Equipment and material required to carry out these analyses, have been provided by UC3M BIOLAB, 202 - Testing Laboratory of Biomass Fuels.Ingeniería Mecánic

Disrupting the Native Speaker Fallacy through the Use of CLIL

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Estudios Ingleses. Curso académico 2018-2019[EN]The purpose of this project is to disrupt the idealization of Standard English as the only correct variety and make visible the relevance of the non-native teacher. The native speaker fallacy has been challenged showing that non-native speaker teachers of English who are proficient can be perfect figures for their students to follow. Moreover, the fact that they have followed the same learning process when studying English as their students will do, they are conscious of the difficulties that emerge during this process. What is more, students feel identified and motivation is increased. This objective can be achieved through CLIL, which is a learning approach based on teaching content and language at the same time. This dual teaching allows students to be exposed to English language for more hours and encourage its use in a natural environment, reducing the anxiety that the process encompasses. The use of codeswitching has been studied as a valuable technique, the first language can be used when necessary, while the presence of both languages in the brain cause a positive effect. CLIL deals with positive learning both at academic and personal level. Students encounter a new learning environment and they feel motivated while their self-confidence is increased. Despite the good welcome that CLIL has experience in Spain, there are still measures that should be taken in order to exploit this approach in full. [ES]El objetivo de este trabajo es desmitificar el inglés estándar como la única variedad correcta y hacer visible la importancia del profesor no nativo. La falacia del profesor nativo se ha desafiado demostrando que los profesores no nativos que presentan una formación pueden servir de ejemplo a los estudiantes. Además, el hecho de que estos profesores hayan pasado el mismo proceso de aprendizaje que sus alumnos, les hace conscientes de las dificultades que surgen a lo largo del proceso. A su vez, la motivación de los estudiantes aumenta. Este objetivo puede llevarse a cabo a través del CLIL, que es un enfoque de aprendizaje basado en la enseñanza de contenido y lenguaje al mismo tiempo. Esta enseñanza dual posibilita la exposición de la lengua inglesa a los estudiantes durante más tiempo y potencia su uso en un ambiente natural, reduciendo la ansiedad que este proceso conlleva. El cambio de código es una técnica útil mediante la cual la primera lengua puede usarse cuando sea necesario, al mismo tiempo que las dos lenguas coexisten en el cerebro causando un efecto positivo. CLIL proporciona un aprendizaje positivo en el ámbito académico y personal. Los estudiantes afrontan un ambiente nuevo y se sienten motivados, pero a su vez, su confianza se incrementa. A pesar del buen recibimiento del CLIL en España, todavía hay medidas que deben tomarse si la intención es aprovechar este enfoque de aprendizaje al máximo

The influence of the tutor-teacher of practice teaching on the wellbeing/unease of the future teacher

Los cambios vertiginosos que nuestra sociedad viene experimentando han supuesto nuevas funciones y compromisos para el docente. Estas demandas generan un estado psicológico negativo que tiene consecuencias tanto en el profesor como en la enseñanza. Es preciso formar al profesorado, en las distintas etapas de su desarrollo profesional, a fin de que pueda hacer frente, con pericia suficiente, a situaciones potencialmente conflictivas, situaciones problemáticas que día a día acontecen en las aulas y en los centros educativos. Así, este colectivo podrá transformar el malestar docente en bienestar y/o prevenirlo. Situados en la etapa de la formación inicial del docente, y a sabiendas de que a la competencia emocional no se le presta demasiada atención en el curriculum, pretendemos conocer cómo influyen las relaciones entre el maestro-tutor y el futuro docente durante el Practicum. Realizamos una investigación cualitativa de estudio de casos. Empleamos instrumentos de reflexión y diálogo como: diarios, entrevistas y grupos de discusión para recoger los datos, que analizamos, mediante el programa AQUAD 5.0, tras elaborar un sistema de categorías y códigos basado en las Competencias establecidas por la ANECA. Tras el análisis de cada uno de los casos llegamos a comprobar que en el Practicum y, por tanto, en el del desarrollo profesional del profesorado, la comunicación entre el maestro-tutor y el futuro docente es un factor esencial. Esta va a influir en el tipo de relaciones que se produzcan y con ello en el desarrollo de la competencia emocional.The deep changes which our society has undergone have meant new duties and compromises for the teacher. These demands generate a negative psychological state which has consequences both on the teacher and on teaching. It is necessary to train teachers at the different stages of his/her professional development in order that he/she may face, with sufficient skills, those situations that are potentially conflictive and problematic which arise daily in the classrooms and in educational centers. In this way, this group of people may transform the unease into wellbeing and /or prevent it. Situated at the initial stage of teacher training, and aware of the fact that not much attention is paid to the emotional competence in the curriculum, we want to find out how the relationship between the teacher-tutor and the trainee influences during practice teaching. We carried out qualitative research on case studies. We used instruments of reflection and dialogue such as: diaries, interviews and group discussions to collect data, which we analyze by means of the AQUAD 5.0 program, after elaborating a system of categories and codes based on the Competences established by ANECA. After the analysis of each one of the cases in this study we could prove that during Practicum and therefore during the professional development of teachers, communication between the teacher-tutor and the future teacher is essential. This is going to influence the kind of relations that are produced and with these the development of emotional competence

Estudio experimental y controlado en farmacia comunitaria: influencia de la administración de un complemento alimenticio de ajo en la evolución de la hipercolesterolemia

Introducción: Las dislipemias son alteraciones de las lipoproteínas que transportan el colesterol y los triglicéridos, siendo consideradas factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares. La eficacia de la utilización de productos vegetales cono el ajo (Allium sativum) para prevenir y tratar dislipemias es discutida. Hay pocos estudios publicados sobre el efecto de estos productos en el ámbito de la farmacia comunitaria.Objetivos: Estudiar la variación de los valores de colesterol total en pacientes tratados con un complemento alimenticio a base de ajo en cápsulas. Relacionar dichos valores con factores demográficos y con la toma o no de medicamentos hipocolesterolemiantes de prescripción médica (MHPM). Comprobar si los resultados obtenidos concuerdan con los encontrados en la bibliografía.Material y métodos: Estudio experimental y controlado realizado en una farmacia comunitaria. Los pacientes que aceptaron participar se dividieron aleatoriamente en dos grupos, grupo intervención (GI) que tomaba complemento alimenticio de ajo y grupo control (GC) que no lo tomaba.Resultados: 59 sujetos, 29 pertenecientes al GC y 30 al GI. Mayor descenso del colesterol total en los que no tomaban MHPM, pero no puede atribuirse al efecto del complemento alimenticio administrado ya que el descenso se produce en los dos grupos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos. En los que ya tomaban MHP, el efecto del complemento alimenticio fue prácticamente inapreciable.Conclusiones: En las condiciones del estudio realizado, el efecto del complemento alimenticio de ajo no parece ser lo suficientemente efectivo como para reducir los niveles de colesterol de forma significativa

Gender and Genre Issues in Short Stories Written by Women

[Abstract] In this round table we intend to review the remarkable contribution of women to the development of the short story in English as well as to discuss the possibility of detecting gender differences in their stories both at a thematic and at an aesthetic level. Therefore, Mª Jesús Lorenzo Modia will describe the antecedents of the short story in the eighteenth century through the emergence of periodical publications such as The Tatler and The Spectator. Stories by male and female writers included in these and other publications will be analysed by Lorenzo Modia in order to provide a panorama of the eighteenth-century short story. Margarita Estévez Saá will review the proliferation of short stories written by women in the nineteenth century and study the peculiar case of the ghost story, a favourite “subgenre” for women readers and writers. María Losada Friend will exemplify with the figure of Edna O’Brien and her work Lantern Slides, the contribution of women writers to the so-called “composite novel” commenting on its function as a unifying structure of short stories and studying some of its antecedents and possible sequels in English and Irish literature. Finally, José Manuel Estévez Saá will discuss the panorama of multiethnic postcolonial short stories written by women in the twentieth century and the interest of the thematic and aesthetic concerns displayed by their authors

A game-based approach to the teaching of object-oriented programming languages

Students often have difficulties when trying to understand the concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP). This paper presents a contribution to the teaching of OOP languages through a game-oriented approach based on the interaction with tangible user interfaces (TUIs). The use of a specific type of commercial distributed TUI (Sifteo cubes), in which several small physical devices have sensing, wireless communication and user-directed output capabilities, is applied to the teaching of the C# programming language, since the operation of these devices can be controlled by user programs written in C#. For our experiment, we selected a sample of students with a sufficient knowledge about procedural programming, which was divided into two groups: The first one had a standard introductory C# course, whereas the second one had an experimental C# course that included, in addition to the contents of the previous one, two demonstration programs that illustrated some OOP basic concepts using the TUI features. Finally, both groups completed two tests: a multiple-choice exam for evaluating the acquisition of basic OOP concepts and a C# programming exercise. The analysis of the results from the tests indicates that the group of students that attended the course including the TUI demos showed a higher interest level (i.e. they felt more motivated) during the course exposition than the one that attended the standard introductory C# course. Furthermore, the students from the experimental group achieved an overall better mark. Therefore, we can conclude that the technological contribution of Sifteo cubes – used as a distributed TUI by which OOP basic concepts are represented in a tangible and a visible way – to the teaching of the C# language has a positive influence on the learning of this language and such basic concepts

Indium-mediated allylation and Reformatsky reaction on glyoxylic oximes under ultrasound irradiation

A novel and more convenient method for the indium-promoted allylation of glyoxylic oximes based on the use of ultrasonic waves is reported. A similar procedure was used to develop the first example reported in the literature of an indium-mediated Reformatsky reaction on oxime ethersThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CTQ2008-06493 and CTQ2009-08490). A.M.E. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for an FPU grantS

Biofiltration of waste gases with the fungi Exophiala oligosperma and Paecilomyces variotii

Two biofilters fed toluene-polluted air were inoculated with new fungal isolates of either Exophiala oligosperma or Paecilomyces variotii, while a third bioreactor was inoculated with a defined consortium composed of both fungi and a co-culture of a Pseudomonas strain and a Bacillus strain. Elimination capacities of 77 g m−3 h−1 and 55 g m−3 h−1 were reached in the fungal biofilters (with removal efficiencies exceeding 99%) in the case of, respectively, E. oligosperma and Paecilomyces variotii when feeding air with a relative humidity (RH) of 85%. The inoculated fungal strains remained the single dominant populations throughout the experiment. Conversely, in the biofilter inoculated with the bacterial–fungal consortium, the bacteria were gradually overgrown by the fungi, reaching a maximum elimination capacity around 77 g m−3 h−1. Determination of carbon dioxide concentrations both in batch assays and in biofiltration studies suggested the near complete mineralization of toluene. The non-linear toluene removal along the height of the biofilters resulted in local elimination capacities of up to 170 g m−3 h−1 and 94 g m−3 h−1 in the reactors inoculated, respectively, with E. oligosperma and P. variotii. Further studies with the most efficient strain, E. oligosperma, showed that the performance was highly dependent on the RH of the air and the pH of the nutrient solution. At a constant 85% RH, the maximum elimination capacity either dropped to 48.7 g m−3 h−1 or increased to 95.6 g m−3 h−1, respectively, when modifying the pH of the nutrient solution from 5.9 to either 4.5 or 7.5. The optimal conditions were 100% RH and pH 7.5, which allowed a maximum elimination capacity of 164.4 g m−3 h−1 under steady-state conditions, with near-complete toluene degradation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Look Inside Article Metrics 28 Citations Other actions Export citation Register for Journal Updates About This Journal Reprints and Permissions Add to Papers Share Share this content on Facebook Share this content on Twitter Share this content on LinkedI