Los arrabales de la Córdoba musulmana. De las fuentes escritas a la realidad arqueológica

We present in this report our particular visión about the knowledge situation of islamic Cordoba 's suburbs, departing from a little historiographic analysis and finishing, after explaining the facts we have nomaday thanks to the archeology, with a criticism trought of the present view.Presentamos en este artículo nuestra particular visión del estado de la cuestión sobre los arrabales de la Córdoba musulmana, partiendo de un sucinto análisis historiográfico y concluyendo, tras exponer los datos con que contamos en la actualidad gracias al rigor arqueológico, con una reflexión crítica del panorama actual.Comunicación presentada a: Jornadas Cordobesas de Arqueología Andaluza. Arqueología de Al Andalus: Los palacios islámicos. XI. 2001. Córdob

PclR is a transcriptional activator of the gene that encodes the pneumococcal collagen-like protein PclA

Acknowledgements This work was supported by grant PID2019-104553RB-C21 to A.B. from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Role of long non-coding RNAs in adipose tissue metabolism and associated pathologies

The incidence of obesity and its related disorders has increased dramatically in recent years and has become a pandemic. Adipose tissue is a crucial regulator of these diseases due to its endocrine capacity. Thus, understanding adipose tissue metabolism is essential to finding new effective therapeutic approaches. The "omic" revolution has identified new concepts about the complexity of the signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of adipose tissue-associated disorders. Specifically, advances in transcriptomics have allowed its application in clinical practice and primary or secondary prevention. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of adipose tissue since they can modulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. They interact with DNA, RNA, protein complexes, other noncoding RNAs, and microRNAs to regulate a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Here, we review the emerging field of lncRNAs, including how they regulate adipose tissue biology, and discuss circulating lncRNAs, which may represent a turning point in the diagnosis and treatment of adipose tissue-associated disorders. We also highlight potential biomarkers of obesity and diabetes that could be considered as therapeutic targets.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN) (PID2020-114953RB-C21 to LH and DS, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund [ERDF], PID2020-114343GA-100 to MA, and PID2019-110063RA-I00 to JP and MC), the Biomedical Research Centre in Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) (Grant CB06/03/0001 to LH), and the Merck Health Foundation (to LH). AC is a recipient of the Formación de Personal Investigador (FPI) doctoral fellowship from the MCIN.‬‬‬‬‬‬ We thank MCarmen Soler-Vázquez for her expert assistance in the preparation of Fig. 1

Promoter DNA recognition by the Enterococcus faecalis global regulator MafR

When Enterococcus faecalis is exposed to changing environmental conditions, the expression of many genes is regulated at the transcriptional level. We reported previously that the enterococcal MafR protein causes genome-wide changes in the transcriptome. Here we show that MafR activates directly the transcription of the OG1RF_10478 gene, which encodes a hypothetical protein of 111 amino acid residues. We have identified the P10478 promoter and demonstrated that MafR enhances the efficiency of this promoter by binding to a DNA site that contains the −35 element. Moreover, our analysis of the OG1RF_10478 protein AlphaFold model indicates high similarity to 1) structures of EIIB components of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system, and 2) structures of receiver domains that are found in response regulators of two-component signal transduction systems. However, unlike typical EIIB components, OG1RF_10478 lacks a Cys or His residue at the conserved phosphorylation site, and, unlike typical receiver domains, OG1RF_10478 lacks a conserved Asp residue at the position usually required for phosphorylation. Different from EIIB components and receiver domains, OG1RF_10478 contains an insertion between residues 10 and 30 that, according to ColabFold prediction, may serve as a dimerization interface. We propose that OG1RF_10478 could participate in regulatory functions by protein-protein interactions

Resistance of True Citrus species to Diaphorina citri

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Eduardo, W. I., Miranda, M. P., Volpe, H. X. L., Garcia, R. B., Girardi, E. A., Alquezar, B., ... & Peña, L. (2022). Resistance of True Citrus species to Diaphorina citri. Pest management science, 78(11), 4783-4792, which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7098]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] BACKGROUND Host genetic resistance is a promising strategy for the management of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), and consequently Huanglongbing (HLB). To date, no study has investigated the resistance to D. citri in the clonal and vegetatively propagated plants of the Microcitrus, Eremocitrus, and Atalantia genera. This study assesses Near and True Citrus genotype antixenosis and antibiosis against D. citri, with trichome density and volatile emission as possible mechanisms of resistance. RESULTS All genotypes were oviposited by D. citri, however, 8 of 14 genotypes were less oviposited than Citrus x sinensis 'Valencia' (susceptible control). Diaphorina citri nymphs had lower nymphal viability in E. glauca (31%) and M. warburgiana (58%) than that in Citrus x sinensis (77%). The behavioral assay showed that 30% of D. citri nymphs in the last instars evaded E. glauca shoots, whereas no nymphs evaded Citrus x sinensis shoots. A higher trichome density was observed in E. glauca shoots compared to the other genotypes. Chemical analysis revealed differences in the volatile profiles of E. glauca and Citrus x sinensis. CONCLUSION Eremocitrus glauca and M. warburgiana genotypes were more resistant to D. citri than Citrus x sinensis. Higher trichome density in the shoots may negatively influence the development of D. citri nymphs. Eremocitrus glauca volatiles may also be involved in their resistance to D. citri.This work was funded by the Fund for Citrus Protection (Fundecitrus), the European Union H2020 Innovation Action Program (grant #817526), and the project PID2019-104569RB-I00 from AEI-Spain. WIE received a postdoctoral fellowship (Proc. 2019/19649-3) from SAo Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). MPM received a research fellowship (Proc. 301805/2018-0) from Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil. The authors thank the Metabolomic service from Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC/UPV (IBMCP), Valencia, Spain for their help with the volatile emission analysis. The authors also acknowledge Fundecitrus and EMBRAPA Cassava & Fruits for providing plant materials.Eduardo, WI.; Miranda, MP.; Linhares Volpe, HX.; Garcia, RB.; Alquézar-García, B.; Girardi, EA.; Espinosa Ruiz, A.... (2022). Resistance of True Citrus species to Diaphorina citri. Pest Management Science. 78(11):4783-4792. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.709847834792781

Self-efficacy for weight control and quality of life in Mexican patients with hemophilia

El autor es alumno egresado del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud becario de CONACYTIntroduction: Perceived self-efficacy is closely related to an adequate quality of life en general well-being of people, but few studies have studied this relationship in people with hemophilia. Objective: To determine the degree of relationship between perceived self-efficacy for weight control and quality of life in people with and without hemophilia, comparing both variables in case-control groups. Methods: The sample made up, for convenience, of 40 participants, with two matched groups. The group of cases consisted of 20 males between 19 and 24 years of age (M = 19.50, SD = 1.47) with hemophilia type A. The control group consisted of 20 males who did not present hemophilia, matched in age and weight status, between the ages of 18 and 24 years of age (M= 19.59, SD= 1.44). Participants answered the “Self-efficacy for Weight Control” questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref” questionnaire. Descriptive statistics where used to describe the factors of each instrument. Student's t-test was used to compare differences between the two groups. Results: Only the Daily physical activity dimension showed a statistical difference in the control group. According to the Pearson correlation, a positive correlation was found between the Scheduled physical activity, Daily physical activity and Physical health dimensions. Conclusions: It is concluded that physical exercise, weight control, nutritional counseling and psychological support are essential for the quality of life, especially for people with hemophilia, which complements medical treatmentEl autor es alumno egresado del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud becario de CONACY

Reformulating Pro-Oxidant Microglia in Neurodegeneration

In neurodegenerative diseases, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are central events. Recent genome-wide transcriptomic analyses of microglial cells under different disease conditions have uncovered a new subpopulation named disease-associated microglia (DAM). These studies have challenged the classical view of the microglia polarization state's proinflammatory M1 (classical activation) and immunosuppressive M2 (alternative activation). Molecular signatures of DAM and proinflammatory microglia (highly pro-oxidant) have shown clear differences, yet a partial overlapping gene profile is evident between both phenotypes. The switch activation of homeostatic microglia into reactive microglia relies on the selective activation of key surface receptors involved in the maintenance of brain homeostasis (a.k.a. pattern recognition receptors, PRRs). Two relevant PRRs are toll-like receptors (TLRs) and triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), whose selective activation is believed to generate either a proinflammatory or a DAM phenotype, respectively. However, the recent identification of endogenous disease-related ligands, which bind to and activate both TLRs and TREM2, anticipates the existence of rather complex microglia responses. Examples of potential endogenous dual ligands include amyloid β, galectin-3, and apolipoprotein E. These pleiotropic ligands induce a microglia polarization that is more complicated than initially expected, suggesting the possibility that different microglia subtypes may coexist. This review highlights the main microglia polarization states under disease conditions and their leading role orchestrating oxidative stress

Genética, riesgo y derecho penal: una aproximación interdisciplinaria

Este texto presenta un estudio científico y jurídico sobre la genética y el derecho penal, con el objeto de realizar un pequeño aporte para la superación de la polarización política y moral de los debates sobre la genética y el derecho, que sólo ha conducido a una desafortunada paralización de la regulación sobre el tema que aumenta los riesgos para la salud humana y el equilibrio de los ecosistemas. Ante una problemática tan compleja, el derecho moderno no plantea una solución unitaria, sino una metodología a través de la cual cada sociedad democráticamente pueda adoptar sus propias decisiones frente a la salvaguarda de su patrimonio genético

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento de Boyacá y País de España

Tabla 1: Planteamiento de preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas 11 Tabla 2: Propuesta de estrategias psicosociales para la Comunidad del Salado 20El conflicto armado colombiano ha traído consigo diferentes tipos de violencia, traumas, fragmentación en el tejido social, impunidad y desconfianza en el proceder de las autoridades, llevándose consigo a millones de personas inocentes y dejando una huella imborrable en sus familiares, como es el caso de Luz, la cual se exilia a raíz del asesinato de su esposo y de la persecución hacia su hija, esto generó en ellas un impacto negativo en su sistema económico, además de traumas físicos y psicológicos y la ruptura de lazos familiares por la distancia, sin embargo, a partir de todas las experiencias vividas emergió en Luz una resiliencia que le permitió inspirar a otras personas con su narración y unir voces a su clamor por verdad y justicia. Así como Luz, las víctimas de la masacre del Salado perpetuado por los paramilitares en el año 2000, han buscado formas de sanar las heridas tan profundas que les ocasiono vivir o presenciar el degollamiento, tortura, violación, asesinatos y desplazamiento de sus hermanos. Ante lo anterior, se plantean estrategias psicosociales con las cuales se busca abordar las dificultades que aquejan a la comunidad del Salado, mediante acompañamientos psicosociales que permitan fortalecer sus relaciones, superar traumas y reconstruir su tejido y su cohesión sociales. Finalmente, se presenta un análisis de Foto-Voz como herramienta para expresar el dolor y/o las experiencias vividas; es una forma de narrar hechos dolorosos, donde en ocasiones las palabras sobran y ante esto, surgen las imágenes para narra en silencio.The Colombian armed conflict has brought with it different types of violence, trauma, fragmentation in the social fabric, impunity and distrust in the actions of the authorities, taking with it millions of innocent people and leaving an indelible mark on their families, as is the case de Luz, who went into exile following the murder of her husband and the persecution of her daughter, this generated a negative impact on their economic system, in addition to physical and psychological trauma and the breaking of family ties due to distance, However, from all the experiences lived, a resilience emerged in Luz that allowed her to inspire other people with her narration and join voices to her cry for truth and justice. Just like Luz, the victims of the Salado massacre perpetuated by the paramilitaries in 2000, have sought ways to heal the deep wounds that caused them to experience or witness the beheading, torture, rape, murders and displacement of their brothers. Given the above, psychosocial strategies are proposed that seek to address the difficulties that afflict the Salado community, through psychosocial support that allows them to strengthen their relationships, overcome traumas and rebuild their social fabric and social cohesion. Finally, a Photo-Voice analysis is presented as a tool to express pain and/or lived experiences; It is a way of narrating painful events, where sometimes words are unnecessary and before this, images emerge to narrate in silence