Procinura, P. aemula

Number of Pages: 4Integrative BiologyGeological Science

LSS e I4.0 nas PMEs manufactureiras: uma revisão bibliográfica

Achieving productivity improvement in the operations of SMEs through the use of methodologies is the challenge that business leaders have, it is for this reason that an investigation is undertaken to identify the studies that have been addressed on the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) in small and medium-sized manufacturing companies (SMEs) published between 2005 and 2020 in English as a preliminary input for the development of future research work in the area. The objective of the article is to determine, based on a review of the scientific literature, which are the trends, countries, authors and methodological factors with greater and lesser participation, through the simultaneous analysis of the LSS, the I4.0 and the SMEs to identify future research opportunities. For the development of the study, a Systematic Review of the Literature (RSL) is carried out, which guides the formulation of the research questions, the definition of the search criteria, the definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria, the evaluation of the quality of the articles and the identification of research opportunities. To complement the work, a taxonomic analysis of the literature is carried out, with the aim of characterizing and weighing elements of the systematic review, which allow the identification of key methodological factors to establish future research. After carrying out the search through the RSL, 105 articles are selected, where it is possible to identify the percentage of their participation in the thematic groups studied: 58% of the articles found are related to the LSS-Pymes; followed by 29% related to I4.0- SMEs; with 12% are the LSS-I4.0; and finally, SMEs-LSS-I4.0 with 1%. Derived from the analysis, it is identified that the topics studied have a growing interest in the scientific community according to the behavior evidenced in the publications between 2005 and 2020. Additionally, the authors and representative countries in the LSS-SMEs and I4.0-SMEs topics are identified, the relevant authors are Jiju Antony and Erwin Rauch and countries such as United Kingdom, India, Italy, United States and Germany. It is also identified that methodologies that integrate the SMEs, LSS and I4.0 study topics are relevant, but have been little explored, becoming a research opportunity that must be addressed to expand the frontier of knowledge on this topic.Lograr el mejoramiento de la productividad en las operaciones de las Pymes mediante el uso de metodologías que los soporten es el desafío que tienen los líderes empresariales, por esta razón  se emprende una investigación para identificar los estudios que han sido abordados sobre el Lean Six Sigma (LSS) y la Industria 4.0 (I4.0) en las pequeñas y medianas empresas manufactureras (Pymes) publicados entre los años 2005 y 2020 en idioma inglés, como un insumo preliminar para el desarrollo de futuros trabajos investigativos en el área. Este artículo busca determinar, con base en una revisión de la literatura científica, cuáles son las tendencias, países, autores y factores metodológicos de mayor y menor participación, a través del análisis del LSS, la I4.0 y las Pymes de modo que se identifiquen futuras oportunidades de investigación. Para el desarrollo del estudio se hace una revisión sistemática de la literatura (RSL), la cual orienta la formulación de las preguntas de investigación, la definición de los criterios de búsqueda, la definición de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, la evaluación de la calidad de los artículos y la identificación de oportunidades de investigación. Para complementar el trabajo se realiza un análisis taxonómico de la literatura, con el objetivo de caracterizar y ponderar elementos de la revisión sistemática que permitan identificar factores metodológicos clave para establecer investigaciones futuras. Después de hacer la búsqueda a través de la RSL se seleccionan 105 artículos, donde se logró identificar el porcentaje de participación de los mismos en las agrupaciones temáticas estudiadas: 58% de los artículos hallados están relacionados con el LSS-Pymes, seguidos de 29% de artículos relacionados con la I4.0-Pymes; con 12% están el LSS-I4.0 y, finalmente, Pymes-LSS-I4.0 con 1%. Derivado del análisis se identifica que las temáticas estudiadas tienen interés creciente en la comunidad científica de acuerdo con el comportamiento evidenciado en las publicaciones entre 2005 y 2020. Además, se identifican los autores y países representativos en las temáticas LSS-Pymes y I4.0-Pymes, destacándose autores como Jiju Antony y Erwin Rauch y países como Reino Unido, India, Italia, Estados Unidos y Alemania. También se identifica que las metodologías que integran las temáticas de estudio simultáneo de las Pymes, LSS e I4.0 son pertinentes pero han sido poco exploradas, convirtiéndose así estas en una oportunidad de investigación que debe ser abordada para ampliar la frontera de conocimiento en esta temática.Les chefs d'entreprise sont mis au défi de parvenir à une amélioration de la productivité dans les opérations des PME grâce à l'utilisation de méthodologies qui les soutiennent; pour cette raison, une recherche est entreprise pour identifier les études qui ont été abordées sur Lean Six Sigma (LSS) et l'Industrie 4.0 (I4.0) dans les petites et moyennes entreprises manufacturières (PME), publiées entre 2005 et 2020 en anglais, comme un apport préliminaire pour le développement de futurs travaux de recherche dans le domaine. Cet article cherche à déterminer, sur la base d'une revue de la littérature scientifique, quelles sont les tendances, les pays, les auteurs et les facteurs méthodologiques d'une plus ou moins grande participation, à travers l'analyse des LSS, I4.0 et des PME afin d'identifier les futures opportunités de recherche. Pour le développement de l'étude, une revue systématique de la littérature (SLR) est effectuée, qui guide la formulation des questions de recherche, la définition des critères de recherche, la définition des critères d'inclusion et d'exclusion, l'évaluation de la qualité des articles et l'identification des opportunités de recherche. Pour compléter ce travail, une analyse taxonomique de la littérature est réalisée afin de caractériser et de pondérer les éléments de la revue systématique pour identifier les facteurs méthodologiques clés pour établir les recherches futures. Après une recherche dans le SLR, 105 articles ont été sélectionnés, où il a été possible d'identifier le pourcentage de participation de ceux-ci dans les regroupements thématiques étudiés: 58% des articles trouvés sont liés aux LSS-PME, suivis de 29% d'articles liés aux I4.0-PME; avec 12% sont des LSS-I4.0 et, enfin, des PME-LSS-I4.0 avec 1%. L'analyse montre que les sujets étudiés présentent un intérêt croissant pour la communauté scientifique, conformément au comportement des publications entre 2005 et 2020. En outre, les auteurs et les pays représentatifs des thèmes LSS-PME et I4.0-PME sont identifiés, avec des auteurs comme Jiju Antony et Erwin Rauch et des pays comme le Royaume-Uni, l'Inde, l'Italie, les États-Unis et l'Allemagne. On constate également que les méthodologies qui intègrent les thèmes de l'étude simultanée des PME, des systèmes d'information géographique et de l'I4.0 sont pertinentes, mais qu'elles ont été peu explorées.Os líderes empresariais são desafiados a alcançar a melhoria da produtividade nas operações das PMEs através da utilização de metodologias que as apoiem; por esta razão, é realizada uma investigação para identificar os estudos que foram abordados sobre Lean Six Sigma (LSS) e Indústria 4.0 (I4.0) em pequenas e médias empresas de manufactura (PMEs) publicados entre 2005 e 2020 em inglês, como um contributo preliminar para o desenvolvimento de futuros trabalhos de investigação na área. Este artigo procura determinar, com base numa revisão da literatura científica, quais são as tendências, países, autores e factores metodológicos de maior e menor participação, através da análise da LSS, I4.0 e PMEs, a fim de identificar futuras oportunidades de investigação. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, é realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura (SLR), que orienta a formulação de questões de investigação, a definição de critérios de pesquisa, a definição de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a avaliação da qualidade dos artigos e a identificação de oportunidades de investigação. Para complementar o trabalho, é realizada uma análise taxonómica da literatura a fim de caracterizar e ponderar elementos da revisão sistemática para identificar factores metodológicos chave para o estabelecimento de investigação futura. Após pesquisa através do SLR foram seleccionados 105 artigos, onde foi possível identificar a percentagem de participação destes nos agrupamentos temáticos estudados: 58% dos artigos encontrados estão relacionados com LSS-PME, seguidos de 29% dos artigos relacionados com I4.0-SME; com 12% são LSS-I4.0 e, finalmente, PME-LSS-I4.0 com 1%. A análise mostra que os temas estudados são de interesse crescente para a comunidade científica de acordo com o comportamento das publicações entre 2005 e 2020. Além disso, são identificados os autores e países representativos dos temas LSS-SMEs e I4.0-SMEs, destacando-se autores como Jiju Antony e Erwin Rauch e países como o Reino Unido, a Índia, a Itália, os Estados Unidos e a Alemanha. Também se identifica que as metodologias que integram os temas de estudo simultâneo das PME, LSS e I4.0, são relevantes mas têm sido pouco exploradas, pelo que esta se torna uma oportunidade de investigação que deve ser abordada para expandir a fronteira do conhecimento nesta área

Navigating towards decoupled aquaponic systems : a system dynamics design approach

The classical working principle of aquaponics is to provide nutrient-rich aquacultural water to a hydroponic plant culture unit, which in turn depurates the water that is returned to the aquaculture tanks. A known drawback is that a compromise away from optimal growing conditions for plants and fish must be achieved to produce both crops and fish in the same environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to develop a theoretical concept of a decoupled aquaponic system (DAPS), and predict water, nutrient (N and P), fish, sludge, and plant levels. This has been approached by developing a dynamic aquaponic system model, using inputs from data found in literature covering the fields of aquaculture, hydroponics, and sludge treatment. The outputs from the model showed the dependency of aquacultural water quality on the hydroponic evapotranspiration rate. This result can be explained by the fact that DAPS is based on one-way flows. These one-way flows results in accumulations of remineralized nutrients in the hydroponic component ensuring optimal conditions for the plants. The study also suggests to size the cultivation area based on P availability in the hydroponic component as P is an exhaustible resource and has been identified one of the main limiting factors for plant growth

Activation of aromatic C−C bonds of 2,2’-bipyridine ligands

4,4’-Disubstituted-2,2′-bipyridine ligands coordinated to Mo and Re cationic fragments become dearomatized by an intramolecular nucleophilic attack from a deprotonated N-alkylimidazole ligand in cis disposition. The subsequent protonation of these neutral complexes takes place on a pyridine carbon atom rather than at nitrogen, weakening an aromatic C−C bond and affording a dihydropyridyl moiety. Computational calculations allowed for the rationalization of the formation of the experimentally obtained products over other plausible alternatives.Financialsupport from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad/FEDER (grant CTQ2015-70231-P) and Principado de Asturias (grant GRUPIN14-103) is gratefully acknowledged. J.D.thanks COMPUTAEX for granting access to LUSITANIA supercomputing facilities.Peer Reviewe

Genomics of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 producing NDM-1, CTX-M-15, and OXA-232

OBJECTIVES: Genomic characterization of the internationally spread sequence type (ST) 16 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS: The complete genomes of three carbapenem producing ST16 K. pneumoniae from Italian patients were analysed by single-nucleotide polymorphism-based phylogeny, core genome multilocus sequence typing, resistance, plasmid, and virulence content and compared with ten genomes of ST16 strains isolated in other countries. Plasmids carrying blaNDM-1 or blaOXA-232 carbapenemase genes were assembled and sequences were analysed. RESULTS: The internationally spread ST16 K. pneumoniae clone showed variability in terms of distribution of NDM-1 and OXA-232 type carbapenemases. In some ST16 strains, up to six plasmids can be simultaneously present in the same cell, including ColE-like plasmids carrying blaOXA-232 and IncF plasmids carrying blaNDM-1. The differences observed in plasmid, resistance, and virulence content and core genome suggested that there is not a unique, highly conserved ST16 clone, but instead different variants of this lineage circulate worldwide. CONCLUSIONS: The ST16 K. pneumoniae clone has spread worldwide and may become a high-risk clone

Predicting the long-term impact of antiretroviral therapy scale-up on population incidence of tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on long-term population-level tuberculosis disease (TB) incidence in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We used a mathematical model to consider the effect of different assumptions about life expectancy and TB risk during long-term ART under alternative scenarios for trends in population HIV incidence and ART coverage. RESULTS: All the scenarios we explored predicted that the widespread introduction of ART would initially reduce population-level TB incidence. However, many modelled scenarios projected a rebound in population-level TB incidence after around 20 years. This rebound was predicted to exceed the TB incidence present before ART scale-up if decreases in HIV incidence during the same period were not sufficiently rapid or if the protective effect of ART on TB was not sustained. Nevertheless, most scenarios predicted a reduction in the cumulative TB incidence when accompanied by a relative decline in HIV incidence of more than 10% each year. CONCLUSIONS: Despite short-term benefits of ART scale-up on population TB incidence in sub-Saharan Africa, longer-term projections raise the possibility of a rebound in TB incidence. This highlights the importance of sustaining good adherence and immunologic response to ART and, crucially, the need for effective HIV preventive interventions, including early widespread implementation of ART

First Report of an OXA-23 Carbapenemase-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolate Related to Tn2006 in Spain

A carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate belonging to European clone II and sequence type 2 was recov-ered from a patient in the Son Espases hospital in Mallorca, Spain. Genetic analysis showed the presence of the bla OXA-23 gene in association with the widely disseminated transposon Tn2006. This is the first reported identification of A. baumannii carrying bla OXA-23 in Spain

Standardized Treatment of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Previous Treatment and/or with Mono-resistance to Isoniazid: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Performing a systematic review of studies evaluating retreatment of tuberculosis or treatment of isoniazid mono-resistant infection, Dick Menzies and colleagues find a paucity of evidence to support the WHO-recommended regimen