Role of Particle Size on the Cohesive Behavior of Limestone Powders at High Temperature

Thermal Energy Storage (TES) using granular solids is gaining momentum in the last years. With no degradation up to very high temperatures and very low price, the use of some granular materials such as sand or SiC would be feasible for storing sensible heat at large scale. A further step beyond TES is thermochemical energy storage (TCES) wherein the granular solids undergo a highly endothermic reaction at high temperature. Energy can be in this way more efficiently stored in the long term and released on demand by means of the reverse exothermic reaction. The Calcium Looping process, based on the calcination/carbonation of CaCO3, is being actively investigated for this purpose. However, a caveat of using granular solids for energy storage is the possible increase of interparticle adhesive forces with temperature which would severely hamper the flowability of the solids in the process. The cohesiveness of granular materials is essentially determined by particle size. In this paper we investigate the dependence of the tensile yield strength and compressibility of CaCO3 powders on temperature and consoli- dation stress using samples of narrow particle size distribution in the relevant range between ∼30 and ∼80 μm particle size and temperatures up to 500◦C. Our experimental results show that powder cohesiveness is greatly increased with temperature especially in the case of the finest powders whose tensile yield strength can be increased by up 2 orders of magnitude. The increase of cohesiveness with temperature is further enhanced with a previously applied consolidation stress, which is particularly relevant for applications wherein large amounts of solids are to be stored at high temperature. Experimental data are consistent with the predictions by a contact mechanics model assuming that the solids deform plastically at interparticle contacts. A main conclusion from our work is that some mechanical properties of the solids, specially the mechanical hardness, and how they change with temperature, play a critical role on the flowability of the solids as affected by an increase of temperature.Versión aceptada del artículo. La versión final puede consultarse en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123520Ministerio de Economía y Empresa (contract No. CTQ2017-83602-C2-2-R, Feder Funds

Parallel Two-Stage Least Squares algorithms for Simultaneous Equations Models on GPU

Today it is usual to have computational systems formed by a multicore together with one or more GPUs. These systems are heterogeneous, due to the di erent types of memory in the GPUs and to the di erent speeds of computation of the cores in the CPU and the GPU. To accelerate the solution of complex problems it is necessary to combine the two basic components (CPU and GPU) in the heterogeneous system. This paper analyzes the use of a multicore+multiGPU system for solving Simultaneous Equations Models by the Two-Stage Least Squares method with QR decomposition. The combination of CPU and GPU allows us to reduce the execution time in the solution of large SEM.Ramiro Sánchez, C.; López-Espín, JJ.; Giménez, D.; Vidal, AM. (2012). Parallel Two-Stage Least Squares algorithms for Simultaneous Equations Models on GPU. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/1496

Long-term outcomes of an acellular dermal matrix for the treatment of complex cryptoglandular anal fistula: a pilot study

Backgound Effective, standardized treatments for complex anal fistula (CAF) still represent a clinical challenge. Emerging procedures attempted to achieve the healing rates of fistulotomy whilst preserving sphincter function. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) used as a plug inserted through the fistulous tract is among newer treatment options. Varying success rates have been reported, most with short-term follow-up. The aim of this study was to report the long-term results of ADM-plug for CAF. Methods Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of patients treated with CAF. All consecutive patients presenting at two tertiary centers (Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain) between November 2015 and March 2019 with a single, cryptoglandular CAF were evaluated for treatment with an ADM-plug were included. The primary endpoint was absence of discharge at clinical examination at 12 month follow-up. Results Twenty-two patients were included [7 women and 15 men, median age 56 (33-74) years]. Most patients had high transsphincteric fistulas (63.6%). The median follow-up was 42 (21-53) months. The 12 month success rate was 68.2%, with an overall healing rate of 59.1%. 77.8% of recurrences occurred within 12 months from surgery. One plug extrusion was observed. No major complications or mortality occurred during the follow-up. Patients did not report any worsening of fecal continence. Conclusions This pilot study showed that more than half of patients with CAF could benefit from ADM-plug placement, preserving continence. A minimum follow-up of 12 months is recommended, because most recurrences occur during the first year

Energy efficiency considerations in integrated IT and optical network resilient infrastructures

The European Integrated Project GEYSERS - Generalised Architecture for Dynamic Infrastructure Services - is concentrating on infrastructures incorporating integrated optical network and IT resources in support of the Future Internet with special emphasis on cloud computing. More specifically GEYSERS proposes the concept of Virtual Infrastructures over one or more interconnected Physical Infrastructures comprising both network and IT resources. Taking into consideration the energy consumption levels associated with the ICT today and the expansion of the Internet in size and complexity, that incurring increased energy consumption of both IT and network resources, energy efficient infrastructure design becomes critical. To address this need, in the framework of GEYSERS, we propose energy efficient design of infrastructures incorporating integrated optical network and IT resources, supporting resilient end-to-end services. Our modeling results quantify significant energy savings of the proposed solution by jointly optimizing the allocation of both network and IT resources

Analysis of Tag Loss Ratio in dynamic RFID systems

Abstract. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems promise a revolution in logistics and inventory applications. By means of wireless communication, a master device can detect and identify nearby electronic tags. Traditionally, the performance of RFID systems and their identification protocols has been analyzed for static configurations, that is, without considering incoming or outgoing tags, but just a fixed number of initially unidentified tags. However, many real scenarios cannot be consistently modeled that way. In this work we introduce a Markov model which allows us to study a dynamic RFID tag scenario, where a flow of tags is considered. This model can be used to compute the Tag Loss Ratio, which measures the ratio of outgoing unidentified tags to the incoming tags in the system, which is a critical metric in dynamic configurations. The analysis is carried out for two families of protocols used as medium access control in RFID, Framed Slotted Aloha and non-persistent CSMA. With the aim of validating the analysis predictions, we get simulation results, by means of a simulator. We evaluate a scenario similar to a real application, i.e. a mail control system based on RFID

Programmed cell senescence during mammalian embryonic development

Cellular senescence disables proliferation in damaged cells, and it is relevant for cancer and aging. Here, we show that senescence occurs during mammalian embryonic development at multiple locations, including the mesonephros and the endolymphatic sac of the inner ear, which we have analyzed in detail. Mechanistically, senescence in both structures is strictly dependent on p21, but independent of DNA damage, p53, or other cell-cycle inhibitors, and it is regulated by the TGF-beta/SMAD and PI3K/FOXO pathways. Developmentally programmed senescence is followed by macrophage infiltration, clearance of senescent cells, and tissue remodeling. Loss of senescence due to the absence of p21 is partially compensated by apoptosis but still results in detectable developmental abnormalities. Importantly, the mesonephros and endolymphatic sac of human embryos also show evidence of senescence. We conclude that the role of developmentally programmed senescence is to promote tissue remodeling and propose that this is the evolutionary origin of damage-induced senescence

Correlations between Different Heavy Metals in Diverse Body Fluids: Studies of Human Semen Quality

It has been hypothesized that exposure to heavy metals may impair male reproduction. To measure the effect produced by low doses of heavy metals on semen parameters, it is necessary to clarify in which body fluids those measurements must be performed. Sixty-one men attending infertility clinics participated in our study. Concentrations of lead, cadmium, and mercury were measured in whole blood, blood plasma, and seminal plasma using spectroanalytical and electrochemical methods. Semen analyses were performed according to World Health Organization criteria. For statistical analysis, Spearman's rank correlations, mean comparison tests, and discriminant analysis were calculated. Significant correlations between the measured concentrations of the three heavy metals in the same biological fluids were observed. However, no similar relationship was seen when comparing the concentrations in different body fluids of the same metal. According to our results and previous publications, seminal plasma might be the best body fluid for assessing impairment of human semen parameters

P9 23. Seudoaneurisma aórtico con infeción de prótesis en aorta ascendente. ¿Es necesario retirar siempre la prótesis? ¿Cuánto tiempo con tratamiento antibiótico?

IntroducciónEl seudoaneurisma aórtico con infección de prótesis en aorta ascendente (PIPAA) tras cirugía cardíaca es una entidad infrecuente (0,9-2%) pero grave (mortalidad intrahospitalaria > 40%). El tratamiento más extendido es la cirugía con recambio protésico y terapia antibiótica adecuada a antibiograma; pero el recambio protésico en ocasiones es técnicamente inviable e incluso puede aumentar la mortalidad perioperatoria. Existen casos en los que se ha preservado la prótesis infectada con éxito terapéutico, realizándose limpieza/reparación quirúrgica local apoyada con omentoplastia. No existe consenso en la duración de la terapia médica, y el tratamiento «supresor a largo plazo» en ocasiones se complica por efectos adversos de los antibióticos.ObjetivosAportar dos nuevos casos y evaluar el tratamiento realizado tras un seguimiento a largo plazo.MétodoAnálisis descriptivo de aspectos microbiológicos, farmacológicos y resultados de la terapia realizada, en dos casos de PIPAA de pacientes intervenidos por disección de aorta (prótesis de dacrón en posición supracoronariana) y por insuficiencia y anuloectasia aórtica (tubo valvulado). Se realiza tratamiento quirúrgico conservador de la prótesis aórtica (limpieza quirúrgica, reparación del seudoaneurisma y omentoplastia), asociándose terapia antibiótica prolongada ajustada a antibiograma.ConclusiónAmbos casos presentan, tras más de 1 año de seguimiento, según criterios clínicos, microbiológicos y pruebas de imagen, ausencia de signos de recidiva infecciosa, resultando la terapia adecuada. Aun sin poder establecer tiempo óptimo de tratamiento, serían razonables 6 semanas de tratamiento endovenoso seguidas de 24 semanas de terapia supresora, a ser posible oral, y valorar su retirada siempre que no existan signos de recidiva

Determinantes associados à variabilidade do índice de fragmentação do ácido desoxirribonucleico espermático em homens saudáveis: um estudo de seguimento

The aim of this work was to study the variability of the sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation index in a cohort of healthy men and to analyze the determinants and associated factors related to that variability, including sexual habits, lifestyle and environmental exposures. This is a prospective study which was carried out for 1 year evaluating multiple semen samples (obtained approximately every 4-6 weeks) from 19 healthy male volunteers. The subjects completed epidemiological questionnaires on lifestyle and environmental exposures in each of the interviews. Individuals were divided into two groups depending on their responses to several lifestyle and environmental exposure questions (“yes” vs. “no”). The coefficient of variation (CV) and the intra-subject coefficient of variation (CVi) of the sperm DNA fragmentation index were calculated and their statistical differences examined with regard to their responses to the studied factors. The CVs of the the sperm DNA fragmentation index were significantly different for all the studied variables, with the exception of the exposure to environmental toxicants (similar CV) and light physical exercise (similar CVi). That index was also positively correlated to the number of hours spent doing sedentary activities (p-value = 0.05). As with the analysis of conventional semen parameters, a single analysis of the sperm DNA fragmentation might be scarcely realiable to determine that parameter in men. Our study shows that certain male factors or characteristics may be related to a higher or lower variability of the sperm DNA fragmentation index.El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la variabilidad del índice de fragmentación del ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) espermático en una cohorte de varones sanos y analizar los factores asociados a dicha variabilidad, incluyendo hábitos de vida y exposiciones ambientales. Se trata de un estudio prospectivo llevado a cabo durante 1 año evaluando múltiples muestras seminales (obtenidas aproximadamente cada 4-6 semanas) procedentes de 19 varones voluntarios sanos. Los sujetos cumplimentaron encuestas epidemiológicas sobre hábitos de vida y exposiciones ambientales en cada una de las entrevistas. Los individuos se clasificaron en dos grupos según sus respuestas acerca de determinados hábitos de vida o exposiciones ambientales (“sí” vs. “no”). Se calculó el coeficiente de variación (CV) y el coeficiente de variación intraindividual (CVi) del índice de fragmentación del ADN espermático y se examinaron sus diferencias estadísticas con respecto a sus respuestas a los factores estudiados. Los CV del índice de fragmentación del ADN espermático fueron significativamente distintos para todas las variables estudiadas, a excepción de la exposición a tóxicos ambientales (similar CV) y el ejercicio físico ligero (similar CVi). Dicho índice también se relacionó positivamente con el número de horas empleadas en actividades sedentarias (p-valor = 0,05). Como ocurre con el análisis de los parámetros seminales convencionales, un único análisis de fragmentación del ADN espermático podría ser poco fiable para determinar dicho parámetro en el varón. Este estudio muestra que determinados factores o características del varón podrían estar relacionadas con una mayor o menor variabilidad de su índice de fragmentación del ADN espermático.O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade do índice de fragmentação do ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) espermático numa coorte de homens saudáveis e analisar os fatores associados a essa variabilidade, incluindo estilos de vida e exposições ambientais. Este é um estudo prospetivo, realizado por 1 ano, avaliando várias amostras de sémen (obtidas aproximadamente a cada 4-6 semanas) a partir de 19 voluntários saudáveis do sexo masculino. Os sujeitos preencheram questionários epidemiológicos sobre estilos de vida e exposição a fatores ambientais em cada uma das entrevistas. Os indivíduos foram classificados em dois grupos de acordo com suas respostas sobre determinados estilos de vida ou exposições ambientais (“sim” vs. “não”). Calculou-se o coe ciente de variação (CV) e o coe ciente de variação intra-individual (CVI) do índice de fragmentação do ADN do esperma e analisaram-se as diferenças estatísticas relativamente às respostas aos fatores estudados. Os VC do índice de fragmentação do ADN do esperma foram significativamente diferentes para todas as variáveis estudadas, com exceção da exposição a tóxicos ambientais (CV similar) e do exercício físico ligeiro (VCi similar). O índice também se relacionou positivamente com o número de horas gastas em atividades sedentárias (valor-p = 0,05). Tal como acontece com a análise dos parâmetros seminais convencionais, uma única análise de fragmentação de ADN espermático pode ser pouco fiável para determinar este parâmetro no homem. Este estudo mostra que determinados fatores ou características do indivíduo podem estar relacionados com uma maior ou menor variabilidade do seu índice de fragmentação do ADN espermático