Clef D’identification Morphologique De Cinq Clones D’hevea (Hevea Brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) Recommandes En Cote d’Ivoire

La présente étude vise à déterminer un nombre réduit de critères morphologiques pour la différenciation des cinq clones (GT 1, PB 217, IRCA 41, 230 et IRCA 331) recommandés en Côte d’Ivoire. L’objectif général est d’éviter les mélanges clonaux observés dans les Jardins à bois de greffes (JBG) d’hévéa, servant au greffage du matériel de plantation utilisé par des planteurs. Ainsi, ces clones ont été décrits dans deux JBG à l’aide de 27 critères morphologiques utilisés dans le monde. Pour chacun des clones, la description a porté sur 25 plants sains de trois ou quatre étages foliaires dont la conformité clonale a été confirmée à l’aide des marqueurs moléculaires microsatellites. Les résultats ont montré que six critères permettent de discriminer clairement ces cinq clones : couleur des feuilles, coupe transversale de la foliole centrale, forme de l’avant dernier étage foliaire, glandes nectarifères, longueur et l’orientation du pétiolule central. Le clone GT 1 s’identifie par la couleur vertfoncé des feuilles et d’un long pétiolule (> 1,4 cm), le clone PB 217 par des feuilles vert-clair avec de court pétiolule (≤ 0,9 cm), le clone IRCA 331 par un étage foliaire conique, des pétiolules droits et des folioles centrales plates. Les clones IRCA 230 et IRCA 41 se distinguent l’un de l’autre par les glandes nectarifères abondantes et peu abondantes, respectivement. Cette investigation doit être menée dans d'autres localités dans le but de tester la stabilité de ces six critères dans l'espace et le temps. This paper focuses on determining a reduced number of morphological criteria for the differentiation of the five clones (GT 1, PB 217, IRCA 41, 230 and IRCA 331) recommended in Côte d'Ivoire. The general objective is to avoid the clonal mixtures observed in the graft wood garden (GWG) of rubber, which is used to graft planting material used by planters. These clones have been described in two GWG using 27 morphological criteria around the world. For each clone, the description looked at 25 healthy plants of three or four shape of the leaf floors clonal compliance. This was confirmed using microsatellite molecular markers. The results showed that six criteria made it possible to clearly differentiate these five clones: colour of the leaves, the cross-section of the central leaflet, the shape of the leaf floors, the nectariferous glands, the length and orientation of the central petolule. The GT 1 clone is identified by the dark green colour of the leaves and a long petiolule ( 1,4 cm), the PB 217 clone by light green leaves with short petiolule (0.9 cm), and the IRCA 331 clone by a conical shape of the leaf floors, straight petiolules, and flat central leaflets. The IRCA 230 and IRCA 41 clones are distinguished by the abundant and infrequent nectariferous glands, respectively. This investigation should be carried out in other localities with the aim of testing the stability of these six criteria in space and time

Doses de potássio e cálcio no crescimento da planta, na produção e na qualidade de frutas do morangueiro em cultivo sem solo Potassium and calcium doses on plant growth, fruit yield and quality of strawberries in soilless cultivation

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de potássio fornecido pela fertirrigação e de cálcio na parte aérea sobre o crescimento da planta, a produção e a qualidade de frutas do morangueiro em cultivo sem solo, plantas de morangueiro foram cultivadas com solução nutritiva contendo 9 (T1), 6 (T2, testemunha) e 4,28mmol L-1 (T3) de K+ e com a solução testemunha (T2) suplementada uma vez por semana por pulverizações foliares de cálcio nas concentrações de 2,5 (T4) e 5g L-1 de CaCl2 (T5). O crescimento da planta foi reduzido no tratamento com a concentração de potássio mais elevada (T1), e o maior IAF foi obtido na dose mais elevada de CaCl2 (T5). A maior produção de frutas foi obtida em T2 e T3, a acidez (AT) foi maior em T1, enquanto o teor de sólidos solúveis (SST) e a relação SST/AT não diferiram significativamente entre os tratamentos. Concluiu-se que o aumento da concentração de potássio na solução nutritiva diminui o crescimento, a produção e a qualidade das frutas de morango e que a aplicação de cálcio na parte aérea das plantas por meio do CaCl2 reduz a produção de frutas.<br>In order to evaluate the effect of potassium doses supplied by fertigation and of calcium by foliar spray on plant growth, fruit yield and quality of soilless grown strawberries, plants were supplied with nutrient solutions at K+ concentrations of 9 (T1); 6 (T2, control) and 4.28mmol L-1 (T3) and with the control nutrient solution (T2) supplemented once a week by spraying CaCl2 on shoot at concentrations of 2.5 (T4) and 5g L- 1 (T5). Plant growth was lower in the higher potassium concentration (T1) and the highest LAI was recorded in the higher CaCl2 dose (T5). Fruit yield was higher in T2 and T3, the titratable acidity (TA) was higher in T1, while total soluble solids (TSS) and the ratio TTS/TA did not differ among treatments. It was concluded that high potasium concentration in the nutrient solution reduces plant growth, fruit yield and quality and that calcium supplied on shoot by CaCl2 reduces fruit production

Child hospital admissions associated with influenza virus infection in 6 Spanish cities (2014-2016) Hospitalizaciones infantiles asociadas a infección por virus de la gripe en 6 ciudades de España (2014-2016)

Introduction: There are only a limited number of studies on the impact of influenza in the Spanish child population. The present work intends to increase this knowledge by studying some key aspects, such as the incidence of hospital admissions, clinic variables, comorbidities, and the vaccination status in the hospitalised children. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of children under 15 years and hospitalised due to community acquired influenza confirmed microbiologically, during 2 ́flu seasons (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). The study was carried out in 10 hospitals of 6 cities, which represent approximately 12% of the Spanish child population. Results: A total of 907 children were admitted to hospital with main diagnosis of influenza infection (447 10 years. Admission to the PICU was required in 10% (92) of the cases, mainly due to acute respiratory failure. Conclusion: Influenza continues to be an important cause of hospitalisation in the Spanish child population. Children 50%) of the cases. Many of the severe forms of childhood influenza that occur today could be avoided if current vaccination guidelines were met

Child hospital admissions associated with influenza virus infection in 6 Spanish cities (2014-2016) Hospitalizaciones infantiles asociadas a infección por virus de la gripe en 6 ciudades de España (2014-2016)

Introduction: There are only a limited number of studies on the impact of influenza in the Spanish child population. The present work intends to increase this knowledge by studying some key aspects, such as the incidence of hospital admissions, clinic variables, comorbidities, and the vaccination status in the hospitalised children. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of children under 15 years and hospitalised due to community acquired influenza confirmed microbiologically, during 2 ́flu seasons (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). The study was carried out in 10 hospitals of 6 cities, which represent approximately 12% of the Spanish child population. Results: A total of 907 children were admitted to hospital with main diagnosis of influenza infection (447 10 years. Admission to the PICU was required in 10% (92) of the cases, mainly due to acute respiratory failure. Conclusion: Influenza continues to be an important cause of hospitalisation in the Spanish child population. Children 50%) of the cases. Many of the severe forms of childhood influenza that occur today could be avoided if current vaccination guidelines were met