On the relationship between mass and diameter distributions in tree communities

It has been suggested that frequency distributions of individual tree masses in natural stands are characterized by power-law distributions with exponents near -3/4, and that therefore tree communities exhibit energetic equivalence among size classes. Because the mass of trees is not measured directly, but estimated from diameter, this supposition is based on the fact that the observed distribution of tree diameters is approximately characterized by a power-law with an exponent -2. Here we show that diameter distributions of this form are not equivalent to mass distributions with exponents of -3/4, but actually to mass distributions with exponents of -11/8. We discuss the implications of this result for the metabolic theory of ecology and for understanding energetic equivalence and the processes structuring tree communities

Guidelines of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, the Polish Society for Vaccinology, and the Polish Society for Family Medicine on vaccinating women with reproductive plans and pregnant or breastfeeding women

The following Guidelines present the most up-to-date treatment and management recommendations, which may be modified and altered after detailed analysis of a specific clinical situation, which in turn might lead to future modifications and updates

E. Hans Freund Collection 1924-1945 bulk: 1924-1934

The collection holds the papers of the philosophy professor E. Hans Freund. Notable subjects include the development of his professional life, the Freund family, and his experiences in Nazi Germany. The collection consists of correspondence, official papers, memoirs, manuscripts, and photographs.E. Hans Freund was born on June 10, 1905 in Berlin as Hans Ernst Sigfrid Freund, the son of the businessman Ernst Freund and Margarete Freund née Philippi. In 1923 he graduated from the Arndt Gymnasium in Berlin-Dahlem. His university studies were conducted in Berlin, Marburg, and Freiburg im Breisgau, where he took courses in philosophy, mathematics, and physics. In 1933 his doctoral dissertation, Ontologische Untersuchungen zum Cantor'schen Mengenbegriff [Ontological Research into Cantorian Set Theory], was published; his academic advisor was the well-known philosopher Martin Heidegger. Following the events of Kristallnacht in November 1938, Freund was incarcerated in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp for one month. He immigrated to the United States via Cuba, and arrived in Miami, Florida in December 1940. From 1941-1943 he taught at the Pendle Hill School in Pennsylvania. From 1943-1945 he served in the U.S. Army, where he achieved the rank of sergeant. Upon his naturalization, his name officially became Ernest Hans Freund. Following his discharge from the military he returned to teaching at the Pendle Hill School briefly. In 1946 he became an assistant professor of philosophy at Pennsylvania State University; he remained with this institution until the late 1950s. He died in 1994 in Mount Holly, New Jersey.digitize

Constituional law: cases and other problems

XXX+1866hlm.;25c