Synchrony and diachrony in Ket incorporation

Non peer reviewe

Musiikki hyvinvoinnin evoluutiossa: Aivot, mieli ja yhteisö

Kaupoissa, kahviloissa, busseissa, kaikkialla kuulee musiikkia. henkilökohtainen korvalappusoitin kietoo kantajansa omaan musiikkikuplaansa, maailmaan, johon ei linnunlaulu tai kanssaihmisten puhe kuulu. Elokuva, TV, teatteri, mainokset, urheilukilpailut, pelikonsolilaitteet – nykyteknologia mahdollistaa musiikin käytön ennennäkemättömässä mittakaavassa. Mutta miksi meillä, ihmislajilla, ylipäätään on musiikkia? Kehittyikö musiikki jonkinlaisena evoluution auditiivisena lisäkkeenä, jolla ei ole varsinaista merkitystä lajin kehityksessä? Onko musiikilla merkitystä hyvinvointimme kannalta? Entä mitä sanoa heille, jotka kokevat olevansa epämusikaalisia tai laulutaidottomia? Tarkastelemme tässä artikkelissa joitakin musiikin evoluutioulottuvuuksista sekä esittelemme musiikin, laulamisen ja hyvinvoinnin yhteyksiä aivotutkimuksen, musiikkiterapian, oppimisen ja lahjakkuuden näkökulmista

Suomalaisten käsityksiä sodan sekä kyber- ja informaatiosodankäynnin uhkasta

Citizens’ conceptions and emotions regarding the current security situation as well as future security outlooks are significant from a social viewpoint. The purpose of this article is to map Finns’ expectations to the possible changes in societal security and their trust towards authorities responsible for public security. The aim of this study is to describe the Finns’ feelings of security concerning both cyber and information operations and the threat of conventional war now and over the course of the following ten years. The data were collected by National Defense University as a part of the TAHTO2 project. The target group comprised the entire population of Finland between the ages of 15 and 79. The data were analyzed using quantitative methods; factor, variance, and cluster analysis. The empirical results suggest that respondents were concerned of cyber and information threats. However, they felt that the threat of conventional war was smaller at the time of the study. Both threats were expected to diminish in the future. The number of respondents who trust public security authorities was significantly higher than those who had a sceptic attitude. The security situation in Finland was regarded stable, possibly due to the fact that respondents trust the authorities’ ability to prevent the aforementioned threats

Higher protein intake is associated with a lower likelihood of frailty among older women, Kuopio OSTPRE-Fracture Prevention Study.

PurposeNordic nutrition recommendations (2012) suggest protein intake ≥ 1.1 g/kg body weight (BW) to preserve physical function in Nordic older adults. However, no published study has used this cut-off to evaluate the association between protein intake and frailty. This study examined associations between protein intake, and sources of protein intake, with frailty status at the 3-year follow-up.MethodsParticipants were 440 women aged 65─72 years enrolled in the Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention-Fracture Prevention Study. Protein intake g/kg BW and g/d was calculated using a 3-day food record at baseline 2003─4. At the 3-year follow-up (2006─7), frailty phenotype was defined as the presence of three or more, and prefrailty as the presence of one or two, of the Fried criteria: low grip strength adjusted for body mass index, low walking speed, low physical activity, exhaustion was defined using a low life-satisfaction score, and weight loss > 5% of BW. The association between protein intake, animal protein and plant protein, and frailty status was examined by multinomial regression analysis adjusting for demographics, chronic conditions, and total energy intake.ResultsAt the 3-year follow-up, 36 women were frail and 206 women were prefrail. Higher protein intake ≥ 1.1 g/kg BW was associated with a lower likelihood of prefrailty (OR = 0.45 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.01-0.73) and frailty (OR = 0.09 and CI = 0.01-0.75) when compared to protein intake ConclusionsProtein intake ≥ 1.1 g/kg BW and higher intake of animal protein may be beneficial to prevent the onset of frailty in older women

The effect of improvisational music therapy on the treatment of depression: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Background. Music therapy is frequently offered to individuals suffering from depression. Despite the lack of research into the effects of music therapy on this population, anecdotal evidence suggests that the results are rather promising. The aim of this study is to examine whether improvisational, psychodynamically orientated music therapy in an individual setting helps reduce symptoms of depression and improve other health-related outcomes. In particular, attention will be given to mediator agents, such as musical expression and interaction in the sessions, as well as to the explanatory potential of EEG recordings in investigating emotion related music perception of individuals with depression. Methods. 85 adults (18–50 years of age) with depression (ICD-10: F 32 or F33) will be randomly assigned to an experimental or a control condition. All participants will receive standard care, but the experimental group will be offered biweekly sessions of improvisational music therapy over a period of 3 months. A blind assessor will measure outcomes before testing, after 3 months, and after 6 months. Discussion. This study aims to fill a gap in knowledge as to whether active (improvisational) music therapy applied to people with depression improves their condition. For the first time in this context, the mediating processes, such as changes in musical expression and interaction during the course of therapy, will be objectively investigated, and it is expected that the results will provide new insights into these processes. Furthermore, the findings are expected to reveal whether music related emotional experiences, as measured by EEG, can be utilized in assessing a depressive client's improvement in the therapy. The size and the comprehensiveness of the study are sufficient for generalizing its findings to clinical practice as well as to further music therapy research. Trial registration. ISRCTN84185937peerReviewe