«Más allá de una teoría del impacto de la interacción interpersonal en la cooperación no verbal».

Erie BERNE pronuncia aquí su último discurso público, en el cual con gran sentido del humor critica algunos de los errores y fallos comunes del mundo académico de la Psicoterapia. Sus comentarios abarcan también la profundidad de su teoría de los juegos y guión, y pueden aplicarse a cualquier campo humano. Recopilamos igualmente algunos fragmentos de su teoría acerca del humor. Erie BERNE nació en Montreal en 1910. Su padre era médico de cabecera y Eric le acompañaba a visitar a los enfermos. El ejemplo de su padre y su muerte prematura le influyeron toda la vida, de manera que su libro Transactional AnálísLs in Psicotherapy se lo dedicó A David Berastein: Medicus Pauper atque Pauperibus Médicus. Después de graduarse como médico, marchó a Nueva York, donde acabó dedicándose, desde [941, al Psicoanálisis. Durante la II Guerra Mundial, y trabajando en el Ejército como psicólogo, fornió grupos de terapia y comenzó a pensar críticamente sobre la Psiquiatría y el Psicoanálisis. Publicó, en 1947, The Mini) in Action. Fruto de su interés en los gmpos fue Dic Srrucwre and Dynamics of Organizations and Groups. Escribió cinco artículos sobre la intuición que resultaron en a) sus primeros pasos en una teOria propia y b) la no admisión en el Instituto Psicoanalítico de San Francisco. Desde 1957 comenzó a publicar sus puntos de vista sobre Análisis Estructural (Estados del Ego) y Análisis Transaccional, En 1961 publicó la obra que ya hemos mencionado y que dedicó a su padre. Después, su Juegos en que participamos fue uno de los éxitos más duraderos que se recuerdan en el campo de la no-ficción. Estuvo cien semanas en la lista de los libros más leídos del Dic New York Times. Fundó la Revista Transactional Análisis Jaurnal e impartió muchos seminarios, donde daba a conocer los resultados de su práctica clínica. Para los estudiantes de Psiquiatría escribió Introducción al Ératamiento de grupo. 275 Más allá de oua teoría del impacto de la interacción interpersonat.. Erie RenteS Erie BERNE fait ici son derniér discours publique, une critique trés humonstique des eaeurs eL problémes tipiques do monde académique de la Psicothérapie. Ses eommentaires néamnoins touchent la profondeur de sa théorie des jeux et du scénario psichologiques, et sont évidemment aplicables á tous les terrains de l'activité humaine. Nous ramassons aussi quelques fragmenis de sa théorie del homeur. Erie Br.RNE pronuncia ji suo ultimo discurso publico, nel quale, con un grande senso del'Umore, crítica alcuni degíl errori e delle mancanze pIÚ comuni nel mondo academico della Psicoterapia. 1 sui conunenti, nonostante, possono applicarsi anche a qualsiasi campo umano, dato ché hanno diretta relazione con le suc teorie del giocchi psicologici. Anche si presentano qualque fragmenti della sua Leona sul' umore. PALABRA CLAVE: Psicoterapia, perdedores, juego, ganadores, mundo academico

«Más allá de una teoría del impacto de la interacción interpersonal en la cooperación no verbal».

S Erie BERNE fait ici son derniér discours publique, une critique trés humonstique des eaeurs eL problémes tipiques do monde académique de la Psicothérapie. Ses eommentaires néamnoins touchent la profondeur de sa théorie des jeux et du scénario psichologiques, et sont évidemment aplicables á tous les terrains de l'activité humaine. Nous ramassons aussi quelques fragmenis de sa théorie del homeur. Erie Br.RNE pronuncia ji suo ultimo discurso publico, nel quale, con un grande senso del'Umore, crítica alcuni degíl errori e delle mancanze pIÚ comuni nel mondo academico della Psicoterapia. 1 sui conunenti, nonostante, possono applicarsi anche a qualsiasi campo umano, dato ché hanno diretta relazione con le suc teorie del giocchi psicologici. Anche si presentano qualque fragmenti della sua Leona sul' umore. PALABRA CLAVE: Psicoterapia, perdedores, juego, ganadores, mundo academico

PAH emission in the proplyd HST10: what is the mechanism behind photoevaporation?

Proplyds are photodissociation region (PDR)-like cometary cocoons around young stars which are thought to originate through photo-evaporation of the central protoplanetary disk by external UV radiation from the nearby OB stars. This letter presents spatially resolved mid-infrared imaging and spectroscopy of the proplyd HST10 obtained with the VLT/VISIR instrument. These observations allow us to detect Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) emission in the proplyd photodissociation region and to study the general properties of PAHs in proplyds for the first time. We find that PAHs in HST10 are mostly neutral and at least 50 times less abundant than typical values found for the diffuse ISM or the nearby Orion Bar. With such a low PAH abundance, photoelectric heating is significantly reduced. If this low abundance pertains also to the original disk material, gas heating rates could be too low to efficiently drive photoevaporation unless other processes can be identified. Alternatively, the model behind the formation of proplyds as evaporating disks may have to be revised.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Corrosion Behavior of α,β'-Brass in NaNO3 Solutions

The corrosion behavior of an α,β'-brass CuZn40Pb2 (CW617N) was studied in solutions with basic pHs and various nitrate ion concentrations. Corrosion at the open circuit potential was observed to proceed by the galvanic coupling of α and β' phases, leading to a surface dezincification of the β' phase and the evolution of the passive layer. When the alloy was polarized in the anodic domain, a pseudo-passive or a passive stage followed by a passive breakdown was observed

Development of Representative Tests to Quantify the Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking of , '-Brass Used for Gas Transfer Devices

Corrosion susceptibility of an α,β'-brass CuZn40Pb2 (CW617N), used for gas transfer devices, was investigated through accelerated corrosion tests at a constant anodic potential in NaNO3 solution with basic pHs. The anodic dissolution behavior of the α,β'-brass was characterized by a two stages-mechanism, with each stage including both dezincification and simultaneous dissolution phenomena of the β' phase but with different kinetics at each stage. Compressive or tensile stresses applied on brass specimens during the accelerated tests were observed largely to influence the anodic dissolution kinetics. Stresses were assumed to open or close the pores present in the dezincified β' phase, which promoted or slowed the dezincification mechanism, including with the Zn diffusion into the solution trapped inside of the pores

Dissolution Kinetics of α,β′-Brass in Basic NaNO3 Solutions

Corrosion tests at a constant anodic potential, referred to as dissolution tests, were performed to determine the dissolution kinetics of an α,β′-brass CuZn40Pb2 (CW617N) in a basic nitrate solution with and without mechanical loading. The corrosion behavior of the α,β′-brass was characterized by a two-step mechanism, with an initiation step for which the simultaneous dissolution of all the alloying elements of the β′ phase occurred only and a propagation step including at first, the afore-mentioned simultaneous dissolution process before a critical time tc and then, both simultaneous dissolution and dezincification of the β′ phase after tc. The pH and Cu concentration of the electrolyte near the brass surface were determined to be two of the major factors influencing the occurrence of the dezincification process. The dezincification of the β′ phase extended in depth by a percolation dissolution mechanism. Mechanical loading during the dissolution tests was observed to largely influence the dezincification process. It was assumed to open or close the pores present in the dezincified β′ phase, which promoted or slowed down the dezincification mechanism depending on the sign of the stress

The Electrochemical Behavior of α,β′-Brass in Basic NaNO3Solutions

The electrochemical behavior of an α,β'-brass CuZn40Pb2 (CW617N) was studied in basic nitrate solutions with various basic pHs and nitrate ion concentrations. In all the chosen experimental conditions, corrosion at the open circuit potential proceeded by the galvanic coupling of the α and β' phases, leading to a surface dezincification of the β' phase. The study showed that the extent of the dezincification was affected by the presence of lead in the alloy but the pH was the major parameter. During polarization tests, a pseudo-passive or a passive stage followed by a breakdown was observed: corrosion phenomena mainly involved copper and zinc dissolution from the β' phase. At pH 11, a Cu2O/PbO layer was efficient in achieving passivity of the brass. At pH 12, a Cu(OH)2-rich surface layer was formed: it was not protective enough, and complete dissolution of the β' phase was observed leading to the removal of lead particles

On measuring colloidal volume fractions

Hard-sphere colloids are popular as models for testing fundamental theories in condensed matter and statistical physics, from crystal nucleation to the glass transition. A single parameter, the volume fraction (phi), characterizes an ideal, monodisperse hard-sphere suspension. In comparing experiments with theories and simulation, researchers to date have paid little attention to likely uncertainties in experimentally-quoted phi values. We critically review the experimental measurement of phi in hard-sphere colloids, and show that while statistical uncertainties in comparing relative values of phi can be as low as 0.0001, systematic errors of 3-6% are probably unavoidable. The consequences of this are illustrated by way of a case study comparing literature data sets on hard-sphere viscosity and diffusion.Comment: 11 page

The Physics of the Colloidal Glass Transition

As one increases the concentration of a colloidal suspension, the system exhibits a dramatic increase in viscosity. Structurally, the system resembles a liquid, yet motions within the suspension are slow enough that it can be considered essentially frozen. This kinetic arrest is the colloidal glass transition. For several decades, colloids have served as a valuable model system for understanding the glass transition in molecular systems. The spatial and temporal scales involved allow these systems to be studied by a wide variety of experimental techniques. The focus of this review is the current state of understanding of the colloidal glass transition. A brief introduction is given to important experimental techniques used to study the glass transition in colloids. We describe features of colloidal systems near and in glassy states, including tremendous increases in viscosity and relaxation times, dynamical heterogeneity, and ageing, among others. We also compare and contrast the glass transition in colloids to that in molecular liquids. Other glassy systems are briefly discussed, as well as recently developed synthesis techniques that will keep these systems rich with interesting physics for years to come.Comment: 56 pages, 18 figures, Revie