Patterns of Antibiotic Prescription in Colombia : Are There Differences between Capital Cities and Municipalities?

The use of antibiotics is the most important modifiable risk factor for the development of microorganism resistance. A cross-sectional study of outpatients receiving antibiotic prescriptions registered in a population database in Colombia was conducted. The characteristics of the consumption in capital cities and small municipalities was studied and the AWaRe classification was used. AWaRe classifies antibiotics into three stewardship groups: Access, Watch and Reserve, to emphasize the importance of their optimal use and potential harms of antimicrobial resistance. A total of 182,397 patients were prescribed an antibiotic; the most common were penicillins (38.6%), cephalosporins (30.2%) and fluoroquinolones (10.9%). 'Access' antibiotics (86.4%) were the most frequently prescribed, followed by 'Watch' antibiotics (17.0%). Being 18 or older, being male, living in a municipality, having one or more comorbidities and urinary, respiratory or gastrointestinal disorders increased the probability of receiving 'Watch' or 'Reserve' antibiotics. Penicillin and urinary antiseptic prescriptions predominated in cities, while cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone prescriptions predominated in municipalities. This analysis showed that the goal set by the WHO Access of mainly using Access antibiotics is being met, although the high use of Watch antibiotics in municipalities should be carefully studied to determine if it is necessary to design specific campaigns to improve antibiotics use

Psoriasis como factor de riesgo de fibrilación auricular en adultos. Estudio multicéntrico

Objetivo: Establecer si la Psoriasis es un factor de riesgo de fibrilación auricular en pacientes adultos atendidos en el Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, Hospital Belén de Trujillo y Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray de Trujillo en el periodo del 2008 al 2018. Material y Métodos: El presente estudio corresponde al diseño de estudio observacional, analítico, transversal, aplicado en 384 pacientes con psoriasis y 1536 pacientes sin psoriasis, se revisaron historias clínicas. Resultados: La prevalencia de fibrilación auricular en pacientes con psoriasis alcanzó 1.6% y 0,5% en pacientes sin psoriasis, con diferencias estadísticas con una p=0.032 y una PRM= 3.0 con un IC95% 1,04 a 8,59, interpretándose que el tener psoriasis incrementa tres veces la posibilidad de padecer fibrilación auricular, comparado con los que no padecen de psoriasis. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de fibrilación auricular es 6% en los adultos con psoriasis y 0.5% en los adultos sin psoriasis. La prevalencia de pacientes con fibrilación auricular es tres veces más en los que tienen psoriasis, comparado con los que no tienen psoriasis.Objective: If Psoriasis is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in adult patients treated at the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, Hospital Belen of Trujillo and Hospital Victor lazarte Echegaray of Trujillo in the period from 2008 to 2018. Material and methods: This study corresponded to the design of observational, analytical, retrospective transversal, applied in 384 patients with psoriasis and 1536 psoriasis patients, medical records were reviewed. Results: The proportion of atrial fibrillation in patients with psoriasis reached 1.6% and 0.5% in patients without psoriasis, with statistical differences with p = 0.032 and a PRM = 3.0 with a 95% 1.04 to 8.59, interpreted that having psoriasis increases in three times the possibility of suffering from fibrillation atrial, compared with those who do not suffer from psoriasis. Conclusions: The frequency of atrial fibrillation is 6% in adults with psoriasis and 0.5% in adults without psoriasis. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation patients is three times more in those who have psoriasis, compared with those who do not have psoriasisTesi

De la ciencia normal a las revoluciones científicas

La ciencia, sugiere que el camino hacia un firme consenso en la investigación es extraordinariamente arduo, y ésta, suele ser un proceso acumulativo de conocimientos y hallazgos, dirigidos a un punto culminante de dominio de la naturaleza. Sin embargo, Tomas S. Khun (1), detectó un divorcio entre el deber ser de la conducta científica, y por otro lado, las conductas reales exhibidas por los científicos más creativos e importantes a través de la historia.http://revistas.utp.edu.co/index.php/revistamedic

Prophylactic positive end-expiratory pressure: are good intentions enough?

This article is online a

The Botization of Science? Large-scale study of the presence and impact of Twitter bots in science dissemination

Twitter bots are a controversial element of the platform, and their negative impact is well known. In the field of scientific communication, they have been perceived in a more positive light, and the accounts that serve as feeds alerting about scientific publications are quite common. However, despite being aware of the presence of bots in the dissemination of science, no large-scale estimations have been made nor has it been evaluated if they can truly interfere with altmetrics. Analyzing a dataset of 3,744,231 papers published between 2017 and 2021 and their associated 51,230,936 Twitter mentions, our goal was to determine the volume of publications mentioned by bots and whether they skew altmetrics indicators. Using the BotometerLite API, we categorized Twitter accounts based on their likelihood of being bots. The results showed that 11,073 accounts (0.23% of total users) exhibited automated behavior, contributing to 4.72% of all mentions. A significant bias was observed in the activity of bots. Their presence was particularly pronounced in disciplines such as Mathematics, Physics, and Space Sciences, with some specialties even exceeding 70% of the tweets. However, these are extreme cases, and the impact of this activity on altmetrics varies by speciality, with minimal influence in Arts & Humanities and Social Sciences. This research emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between specialties and disciplines when using Twitter as an altmetric

The Elon Musk Paradox: Quantifying the Presence and Impact of Twitter Bots on Altmetrics with Focus in Social Sciences

With the rise of Twitter bots in social and political spheres, their implications in scientific communication and altmetrics have become a concern. However, there are no large-scale studies that identify the population of bots and their impact on altmetrics. This quantitative study aims to analyse the presence and impact of Twitter bots in the dissemination of Social Science papers on Twitter and to explore the specific case of Information Science & Library Science (ISLS) as a case study. The overall presence of bots discussing Social Science papers has been found to account for 3.61% of users and 3.85% of tweets. However, this presence and impact is uneven across disciplines, highlighting Criminology & Penology with 12.4% of the mentions made by bots. In the specific case of ISLS, it has been determined by Kendall's correlation that mentions of bots have no impact on altmetrics.Full paper available at: https://dapp.orvium.io/deposits/644235015db3c5af25159230/vie

Resultados de la evaluación de control del dolor postoperatorio a las 24 horas en tres ciudades de Colombia

Resultado

Resultados de la evaluación de control del dolor postoperatorio a las 24 horas en tres ciudades de Colombia

Resultado