Husserl and Dufrenne on the temporalization of the pictorial space

Already with Husserl phenomenology seeks to address the many faces and manifestations of time, including the appearance of time in images. The critical question, however, is how such a manifestation is at all possible. In our paper we consider Husserl’s and Dufrenne’s answers to this question. It will be found that their positions not only share much in common, but they complement one another, with Husserl’s refinements on the issue of image consciousness revealing still more ways of experiencing time in images

Development of procedures to assess problem-solving competence in computing engineering

In the context of higher education, a competence may be understood as the combination of skills, knowledge, attitudes, values, and abilities that underpin effective and/or superior performance in a professional area. The aim of the work reported here was to design a set of procedures to assess a transferable competence, i.e., problem solving, that is basic for learning, in both academic and professional life, and crucial for engineering. The study involved a total of 71 students enrolled at three universities at two different stages of their studies. The development phases of the assessment device included an analysis of the competence and its facets, the design of the assessment task, the development of criteria to rate student performance, and the analysis of the basic psychometric properties for assessment methods in the area of education. The conclusion was drawn that the training process and the elaboration of scoring criteria are costly but necessary if objectivity in the interpretation of results is to be guaranteed. The main achievement of this project was the development of a procedure that measures learning outcomes and, more specifically, problem solvin

Adquisición De Datos De Magnitudes En Un Sistema Oleohidráulico Para Su Control Y Monitoreo En Un Laboratorio Remoto De Instrumentación Virtual De Código Abierto

The present research analyzes the state of the art of remote laboratories and their use in teaching and industry. In addition, the aim of this study is to develop a test bench to control and maintain, in optimal conditions, the operating parameters of a hydraulic oil system through an open source virtual platform. This equipment will analyze the behavior of an external gear pump which will enable us to make comparisons of mathematical models to predict the flow rate and compare it with that obtained in real time through the test bench. The analysis starts with a theoretical revision that is used for defining the variables to be controlled in the test bench. It is also used to propose a methodology that allows reaching the objectives raised

Grip strength in mice with joint inflammation: A rheumatology function test sensitive to pain and analgesia

Grip strength deficit is a measure of pain-induced functional disability in rheumatic disease. We tested whether this parameter and tactile allodynia, the standard pain measure in preclinical studies, show parallels in their response to analgesics and basic mechanisms. Mice with periarticular injections of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in the ankles showed periarticular immune infiltration and synovial membrane alterations, together with pronounced grip strength deficits and tactile allodynia measured with von Frey hairs. However, inflammation-induced tactile allodynia lasted longer than grip strength alterations, and therefore did not drive the functional deficits. Oral administration of the opioid drugs oxycodone (1–8 mg/kg) and tramadol (10–80 mg/kg) induced a better recovery of grip strength than acetaminophen (40–320 mg/kg) or the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs ibuprofen (10–80 mg/kg) or celecoxib (40–160 mg/kg); these results are consistent with their analgesic efficacy in humans. Functional impairment was generally a more sensitive indicator of drug-induced analgesia than tactile allodynia, as drug doses that attenuated grip strength deficits showed little or no effect on von Frey thresholds. Finally, ruthenium red (a nonselective TRP antagonist) or the in vivo ablation of TRPV1-expressing neurons with resiniferatoxin abolished tactile allodynia without altering grip strength deficits, indicating that the neurobiology of tactile allodynia and grip strength deficits differ. In conclusion, grip strength deficits are due to a distinct type of pain that reflects an important aspect of the human pain experience, and therefore merits further exploration in preclinical studies to improve the translation of new analgesics from bench to bedside.This study was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO, grant SAF2013-47481P), the Junta de Andalucía (grant CTS 109), and funding from Esteve and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)

Calmodulin Supports TRPA1 Channel Association with Opioid Receptors and Glutamate NMDA Receptors in the Nervous Tissue

Supplementary Materials: The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/1422-006 7/22/1/229/s1, Figure S1: TRPA1 association with MORs in spinal cord in HINT1-/- and 1R-/- mice. Figure S2: The HINT1 protein or 1R does not support the MOR association with the Nt or Ct regions of TRPA1 channels. Figure S3: CaM mediates the TRPA1 Ct association with MOR in the absence of Ca2+. Figure S4: Pharmacological modulation of TRPA1 associations with MORs and glutamate NMDARs. Figure S5: Formalin-induced inflammatory pain alters TRPA1 associations with MORs and NMDARs. Figure S6: TRPA1 associations with opioid receptors and NMDARs in the CCI model of neuropathic pain.We would like to thank Gabriela de Alba and María José López for their excellent technical assistanceTransient receptor potential ankyrin member 1 (TRPA1) belongs to the family of thermo TRP cation channels that detect harmful temperatures, acids and numerous chemical pollutants. TRPA1 is expressed in nervous tissue, where it participates in the genesis of nociceptive signals in response to noxious stimuli and mediates mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia associated with different neuropathies. The glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), which plays a relevant role in allodynia to mechanical stimuli, is connected via histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) and type 1 sigma receptor (σ1R) to mu-opioid receptors (MORs), which mediate the most potent pain relief. Notably, neuropathic pain causes a reduction in MOR antinociceptive efficacy, which can be reversed by blocking spinal NMDARs and TRPA1 channels. Thus, we studied whether TRPA1 channels form complexes with MORs and NMDARs that may be implicated in the aforementioned nociceptive signals. Our data suggest that TRPA1 channels functionally associate with MORs, delta opioid receptors and NMDARs in the dorsal root ganglia, the spinal cord and brain areas. These associations were altered in response to pharmacological interventions and the induction of inflammatory and also neuropathic pain. The MOR-TRPA1 and NMDAR-TRPA1 associations do not require HINT1 or σ1R but appear to be mediated by calcium-activated calmodulin. Thus, TRPA1 channels may associate with NMDARs to promote ascending acute and chronic pain signals and to control MOR antinociception.MICINN Plan Nacional I+D+i RT 2018-093677B-100University of Granada PPJIB2019.11MECD FPU 15/02356 FPU16/0321

Global Trends in Normativity and Regulatory Issues on Nanotechnology

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of global trends in normativity and regulatory issues in nanotechnology through a bibliometric study. To conduct this analysis, keywords such as regulations, legislation, policy, nanotechnology, nanomaterials, nanoparticle, and risk were employed. The search generated a total of 1202 refined scientific papers and 4914 patents. Various aspects were evaluated, including articles with the highest number of citations, countries with the highest academic production, institutions with the most documents, influential authors, author correlations, and keyword analysis, among others. The Scopus and Journal citation report databases, the VosViewer software, and different computer tools such as OpenRefine and Excel were used to conduct the analysis. The results point the United States (33.5%) as the country with the highest production, followed by the United Kingdom (10.9%), India (10.3%), and Germany (6.7%). Additionally, the results revealed some cooperation between the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany by 2014 and between China and India by 2018 and 2019. Moreover, according to the keyword analysis, only 10% of the scientific production speaks directly about regulations and policies on the effects on human health, with minor impact on the environment

Viticultural and Biotechnological Strategies to Reduce Alcohol Content in Red Wines

Viticultural and biotechnological strategies are two approaches to deal with higher must sugar levels at harvest time. A wide range of factors could significantly affect sugar accumulation in the grape such as choice of vineyard site, soil composition, irrigation strategy, rootstock, and grape cultivar selection as well as grape yield. In this sense, approaches to canopy management are continually evolving in response to changes in other vineyard management practices; some of these could contribute to reduce soluble sugars on grape berries at harvest time. On the other hand, among possible biotechnological strategies, one of the most relevant is the control of the fermentative process by using selected yeast strains. In this chapter, we will show how some viticultural practices have influenced the accumulation of soluble sugars and other enological parameters in grape berries at harvest time. We will also report how a careful yeast selection and the implementation of different fermentation strategies can also contribute to reduce ethanol content in wines

The clinical heterogeneity of coenzyme Q10 deficiency results from genotypic differences in the Coq9 gene

Primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency is due to mutations in genes involved in CoQ biosynthesis. The disease has been associated with five major phenotypes, but a genotype–phenotype correlation is unclear. Here, we compare two mouse models with a genetic modification in Coq9 gene (Coq9Q95X and Coq9R239X), and their responses to 2,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4‐diHB). Coq9R239X mice manifest severe widespread CoQ deficiency associated with fatal encephalomyopathy and respond to 2,4‐diHB increasing CoQ levels. In contrast, Coq9Q95X mice exhibit mild CoQ deficiency manifesting with reduction in CI+III activity and mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle, and late‐onset mild mitochondrial myopathy, which does not respond to 2,4‐diHB. We show that these differences are due to the levels of COQ biosynthetic proteins, suggesting that the presence of a truncated version of COQ9 protein in Coq9R239X mice destabilizes the CoQ multiprotein complex. Our study points out the importance of the multiprotein complex for CoQ biosynthesis in mammals, which may provide new insights to understand the genotype–phenotype heterogeneity associated with human CoQ deficiency and may have a potential impact on the treatment of this mitochondrial disorder.This work was supported by grants from the Marie Curie International Reintegration Grant Programme (COQMITMEL-266691 to LCL) within the Seventh European Community Framework Programme, from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain (SAF2009-08315 and SAF2013-47761-R to LCL), from the Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía (P10-CTS-6133 to LCL), and from the ‘CEIBioTic’ (20F12/1 to LCL). MLS is a predoctral fellow from the Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía. LCL is supported by the ‘Ramón y Cajal’ National Programme, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain (RYC-2011-07643). MAT is supported by a predoctoral grant from the University of Granada. EJC is supported by the Research Program of the University of Granada. CMQ is supported by NICHD Grants 5K23 HDO65871-05 and P01 HD080642-01, and by a MDA grant. The proteomic analysis was performed in the CSIC/UAB Proteomics Facility of IIBB-CSIC that belongs to ProteoRed, PRB2-ISCIII, supported by Grant PT13/0001

QUIJOTE scientific results - IV. A northern sky survey in intensity and polarization at 10-20-GHz with the multifrequency instrument

We present QUIJOTE intensity and polarization maps in four frequency bands centred around 11, 13, 17, and 19-GHz, and covering approximately 29?000?deg2, including most of the northern sky region. These maps result from 9000?h of observations taken between May 2013 and June 2018 with the first QUIJOTE multifrequency instrument (MFI), and have angular resolutions of around 1°, and sensitivities in polarization within the range 35?40?µK per 1° beam, being a factor ?2?4 worse in intensity. We discuss the data processing pipeline employed, and the basic characteristics of the maps in terms of real space statistics and angular power spectra. A number of validation tests have been applied to characterize the accuracy of the calibration and the residual level of systematic effects, finding a conservative overall calibration uncertainty of 5 per?cent. We also discuss flux densities for four bright celestial sources (Tau A, Cas A, Cyg A, and 3C274), which are often used as calibrators at microwave frequencies. The polarization signal in our maps is dominated by synchrotron emission. The distribution of spectral index values between the 11?GHz and WMAP 23?GHz map peaks at [Beta] = -3.09 with a standard deviation of 0.14. The measured BB/EE ratio at scales of [L lower case+ = 80 is 0.26 ± 0.07 for a Galactic cut |b| > 10°. We find a positive TE correlation for 11?GHz at large angular scales ([L lower case+ [less than or equivalent to] 50), while the EB and TB signals are consistent with zero in the multipole range 30 [less than or equivalent to] [L lower case+ [less than or equivalent to] 150. The maps discussed in this paper are publicly available.We thank the staff of the Teide Observatory for invaluable assistance in the commissioning and operation of QUIJOTE. The QUIJOTE experiment is being developed by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), the Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria (IFCA), and the Universities of Cantabria, Manchester and Cambridge. Partial finan- cial support was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the projects AYA2007-68058-C03-01, AYA2007- 68058-C03-02, AYA2010-21766-C03-01, AYA2010-21766-C03-02, AYA2014-60438-P, ESP2015-70646-C2-1-R, AYA2017-84185-P, ESP2017-83921-C2-1-R, AYA2017-90675-REDC (co-funded with EU FEDER funds), PGC2018-101814-B-I00, PID2019-110610RB- C21, PID2020-120514GB-I00, IACA13-3E-2336, IACA15-BE- 3707, EQC2018-004918-P, the Severo Ochoa Programs SEV-2015- 0548 and CEX2019-000920-S, the Maria de Maeztu Program MDM- 2017-0765, and by the Consolider-Ingenio project CSD2010-00064 (EPI: Exploring the Physics of Inflation). We acknowledge support from the ACIISI, Consejeria de Economia, Conocimiento y Empleo del Gobierno de Canarias and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under grant with reference ProID2020010108. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme under grant agreement number 687312 (RADIOFOREGROUNDS). This research made use of computing time available on the high-performance computing systems at the IAC. We thankfully acknowledge the technical expertise and assistance provided by the Spanish Supercomputing Network (Red Espa ˜ nola de Supercom- putaci ´on), as well as the computer resources used: the Deimos/Di v a Supercomputer, located at the IAC. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The PWV data used in the tests presented in Section 4 comes from the Iza ˜ na Atmospheric Observatory (IZO), and have been made available to us by the Iza ˜ na Atmospheric Research Center (AEMET). SEH and CD acknowledge support from the STFC Consolidated Grant (ST/P000649/1). FP acknowledges support from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) under grant number PID2019-105552RB- C43. DT acknowledges the support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) with Grant N. 2020PM0042. Some of the presented results are based on observations obtained with Planck ( http:// www.esa.int/ Planck), an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States, NASA, and Canada. We acknowl- edge the use of the Le gac y Archiv e for Microwav e Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA). Support for LAMBDA is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the HEALPIX (G ´orski et al. 2005 ) and HEALPY (Zonca et al. 2019 ) packages. We also use Numpy (Harris et al. 2020 ), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007 ), and the SKLEARN module (Pedregosa et al. 2011 )

Cooperación, comunicación y sociedad: escenarios europeos y latinoamericanos

Como resultado de los debates y reflexiones generados en el marco de la XV edición de la Cátedra Europa surge este libro, en el que se recopilan algunos de los temas tratados en el marco de este evento por destacados investigadores de diferentes instituciones de Colombia y Europa, quienes nos permiten acercarnos transversalmente a interesantes temas que hoy siguen estando en las primeras líneas de debate actual en nuestras instituciones y sociedades. El espíritu que representa este libro, la integración y el trabajo colaborativo para acercarnos a diferentes perspectivas, lo cual cobra mucha importancia en un mundo cada vez más convulso, como resultado del recrudecimiento de la crisis que hoy afecta a los países considerados hasta ahora desarrollados, mientras que los ubicados en el marco de las “vías en desarrollo” comienzan a dejar de serlo para convertirse en referentes en medio de este difícil escenario global. Si hacemos uso de lo señalado por el rey de España en el marco de la pasada Cumbre de Estados Iberoamericanos, realizada en Cádiz en 2012, al momento de destacar la necesidad de que España estreche lazos con Iberoamérica para superar la crisis, creemos que el mundo de hoy necesita de espacios que ayuden a crear puentes sólidos y estrechos entre ambas orillas. Es por esto que los 7 capítulos que integran este libro buscan contribuir a este acercamiento. El “puente” que seguimos construyendo a través de este libro mira al pasado, presente y futuro de varios temas de especial relevancia. En los 7 tramos (capítulos) podremos tener acceso a reflexiones en torno a la cooperación Sur-Sur que comienza a cobrar fuerza en Colombia y el resto de América Latina, el proceso de adaptación que viven los migrantes colombianos en España, un abordaje reflexivo de la realidad social desde el punto de vista de uno de los principales teóricos sociales alemanes (Luhmann); pero además aborda el rol que están teniendo las redes sociales y el conectivismo desde las escuelas y las organizaciones no gubernamentales y el uso del lenguaje nazi y la enseñanza del alemán como lengua extranjera. Cada uno de los aportes de los diferentes autores de este libro esperamos que ayuden a un acercamiento transversal de una diversidad de temas, y a seguir abonando el terreno que, hoy más que nunca, necesita ser trabajado para que se logre superar la actual crisis social que vive el mundo, desde un marco en el que la perspectiva Norte-Sur se rompa a favor de un diálogo más igualitario entre todas las partes