706 research outputs found
Measurement of the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of the Xe Atom
We report on a new measurement of the CP-violating permanent Electric Dipole
Moment (EDM) of the neutral Xe atom. Our experimental approach is based
on the detection of the free precession of co-located nuclear spin-polarized
He and Xe samples. The EDM measurement sensitivity benefits
strongly from long spin coherence times of several hours achieved in diluted
gases and homogeneous weak magnetic fields of about 400~nT. A finite EDM is
indicated by a change in the precession frequency, as an electric field is
periodically reversed with respect to the magnetic guiding field. Our result,
ecm, is consistent with zero and is
used to place a new upper limit on the Xe EDM: ecm (95% C.L.). We also discuss the implications of this result for
various CP-violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond
the standard model
European Integration and Democratic Consolidation: Spain, Poland and Turkey in Comparative Perspective
The study explored when, under what conditions, and to what extent did European integration, particularly the European Unionâs requirement for democratic conditionality, contribute to democratic consolidation in Spain, Poland, and Turkey? On the basis of a four-part definition, the dissertation examined the democratizing impact of European integration process on each of the following four components of consolidation: (i) holding of fair, free and competitive elections, (ii) protection of fundamental rights, including human and minority rights, (iii) high prospects of regime survival and civilian control of the military, and (iv) legitimacy, elite consensus, and stateness. To assess the relative significance of EUâs democratizing leverage, the thesis also examined domestic and non-EU international dynamics of democratic consolidation in the three countries.
By employing two qualitative methods (case study and process-tracing), the study focused on three specific time frames: 1977-1986 for Spain, 1994-2004 for Poland, and 1999-present for Turkey. In addition to official documents, newspapers, and secondary sources, face-to-face interviews made with politicians, academics, experts, bureaucrats, and journalists in the three countries were utilized.
The thesis generated several conclusions. First of all, the EUâs democratizing impact is not uniform across different components of democratic consolidation. Moreover, the EUâs democratizing leverage in Spain, Poland, and Turkey involved variations over time for three major reasons: (i) the changing nature of EUâs democratic conditionality over time (ii) varying levels of the EUâs credible commitment to the candidate countryâs prospect for membership, and (iii) domestic dynamics in the candidate countries. Furthermore, the European integration process favors democratic consolidation but its magnitude is shaped by the candidate countryâs prospect for EU membership and domestic factors in the candidate country. Finally, the study involves a major policy implication for the European Union: unless the EU provides a clear prospect for membership, its democratizing leverage will be limited in the candidate countries
Turkish version of impact on family scale: a study of reliability and validity
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Although there is a considerably high prevalence of developmental disorders in Turkey there are not many assessment tools related to evaluating the impact of these children on their family. The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Impact on Family Scale (IPFAM), a health related quality of life measurement to be utilized in clinical trials, health care services, research and evaluation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Caregivers of 85 children with developmental disabilities answered the questionnaire and 65 of them answered it twice with a one week interval. The reliability of the measurement was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed by calculating the correlation between total impact score of IPFAM, WeeFIM and the physiotherapists' evaluation via Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to determine the child's disability.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Test-retest reliability was found to be ICC = 0.953 for total impact, 0.843 for financial support, 0.940 for general impact, 0.871 for disruption of social relations and 0.787 for coping. Internal consistency was tested using Cronbach's alpha and was found to be 0.902 for total impact of IPFAM. For construct validity the correlation between total impact score of IPFAM and WeeFIM was r = -0,532 (p < 0.001) and the correlation between total impact score of IPFAM and the physiotherapist's evaluation was r = 0.519 (p < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The Turkish version of IPFAM was found to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the impact of developmental disorders of the child on the family.</p
Subrecent charophyte flora from Ãemealti (Izmir Gulf, Western Turkey): Palaeoecological implications
A charophyte assemblage from lower Holocene sediments in ÃeÅmealtÄą (Izmir Gulf, Turkey) is described and illustrated for the first time here. This assemblage is composed of well-preserved gyrogonites and oospores of Lamprothamnium papulosum, which occur in association with seeds of Ruppia cf. maritima and up to eight ostracod species and 22 benthic foraminiferal taxa. The fossil assemblage was extracted from five clay intervals of the SK-2 borehole. The presence of monospecific assemblages of L. papulosum indicates that very shallow (up to 1 m deep), brackish, alkaline, and oligotrophic waters prevailed in the gulf under strong seasonality (marked cyclical changes in humidity and/or temperature). The dominance of germinated gyrogonites suggests that the water salinity of the lagoon decreased during the humid season, reaching at least 10â°. The associated ostracod fauna supports the palaeoenvironmental conditions inferred from the flora. Despite the gulf receiving considerable freshwater input, it remained semiconnected to the sea, as indicated by the diverse foraminifera assemblage. The availability of freshwater in the Izmir Gulf during the early Holocene Climatic Optimum, between âž9000 and 5000 years BP, might have played an important role for the first human settlements in the area dating back 5500 years BP
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Correction to:Electro-optic sensor for static fields (vol 125, pg 212, 2019)
The article âElectro-optic sensor for static fieldsâ, written by âJ. O. Grasdijk, X. F. Bai, I. Engin, K. Jungmann, H. J. Krause, B. NiederlÃĪnder, A. Off enhÃĪuser, M. Repetto, L. Willmann, S. Zimmerâ, was published incorrectly with Open Access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International License. Correct is that the article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The original article has been corrected.</p
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