Potensi Serapan Karbondioksida Beberapa Jenis Daun Tanaman di Jalur Hijau Jalan Raya Pajajaran, Bogor

Peningkatan konsentrasi CO2 secara efektif dapat dikendalikan dengan pembangunan hutan kota melalui pemilihan jenis tanaman perkotaan yang memiliki potensi serapan CO2 tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data potensi serapan CO2 oleh daun pada sembilan jenis tanaman di jalur hijau Jalan Pajajaran, Bogor. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui survei lapangan dan analisis laboratorium sampel daun menggunakan metode karbohidrat. Studi kasus dan literatur untuk memperoleh data sekunder dari instansi atau literatur terkait, khususnya hasil studi dengan kasus serupa. Data lain yang dikumpulkan terdiri atas jumlah dan luas daun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan C. manghas memiliki potensi serapan CO2 per daun tanaman paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 11,86 ton/daun/tahun. Selain itu, F. elastica dan S. macrophylla juga memiliki nilai serapan CO2 yang relatif baik dibandingkan jenis tanaman lain yaitu masing-masing sebesar 3,83 ton/daun/tahun dan 2,51 ton/daun/tahun. Adapun faktor inheren tanaman yang menentukan besarnya potensi serapan CO2 adalah luas daun, ketebalan daun, kehijauan daun, jumlah daun dan kadar air. Sedangkan faktor luar (eksternal) antara lain tempat hidup tanaman, ketersediaan air dan hara mineral, serta pengaruh cahaya dan suhu

ANALISIS SPASIAL FUNGSI EKOLOGI RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KOTA CIBINONG

Green open space has a function to reduce the level of carbondioxide in the air. Carbondioxide levels are generally increased due to an increase in motor vehicle exhaust gas emissions and land use changes, such as changes in open land into industrial, or agricultural land turned into housing, etc.Cibinong City in this decade had increased levels of carbondioxide caused by the developmnet of a growing city. Research purposes are (1) analyze changes of green open space and its impact on the ability to absorb carbondioxide, (2) analyze the amount of carbondioxide produced by motor vehicle exhaust gas emissions for each road segment and provide direction spatially green open space. In this decade (from 2000 to 2010), Changes of unbuilt land to built land increased from 2.268,88 Ha (35,78 %) to3.558,22 Ha (56,12 %), however, absorption of the green open spaces of the carbondioxide increases. Whereas, Carbondioxide emission strength on larger road on the Raya Bogor (City Center) 498 gr/detik which has the function of arterial roads with the task of helping regional movement. The most amount of carbondioxide emissions generated by personal vehicles, motorcycles, and ligth public trasportation, while trucks and buses do not contribute. When the carbondioxide emission strength map is overlayed with the land use map then we have the conclusion that the roads that have a high volume of vehicle movement will have a high carbondioxide levels, but not mean low air quality because it depends on the existence of protective trees as green belt. Keywords: green open spaces, carbondioxide emission levels, landuse change

Biological response of an in vitro human 3D lung cell model exposed to brake wear debris varies based on brake pad formulation

Wear particles from automotive friction brake pads of various sizes, morphology, and chemical composition are significant contributors towards particulate matter. Knowledge concerning the potential adverse effects following inhalation exposure to brake wear debris is limited. Our aim was, therefore, to generate brake wear particles released from commercial low-metallic and non-asbestos organic automotive brake pads used in mid-size passenger cars by a full-scale brake dynamometer with an environmental chamber simulating urban driving and to deduce their potential hazard in vitro. The collected fractions were analysed using scanning electron microscopy via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Raman microspectroscopy. The biological impact of the samples was investigated using a human 3D multicellular model consisting of human epithelial cells (A549) and human primary immune cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) mimicking the human epithelial tissue barrier. The viability, morphology, oxidative stress, and (pro-)inflammatory response of the cells were assessed following 24 h exposure to similar to 12, similar to 24, and similar to 48 A mu g/cm(2) of non-airborne samples and to similar to 3.7 A mu g/cm(2) of different brake wear size fractions (2-4, 1-2, and 0.25-1 A mu m) applying a pseudo-air-liquid interface approach. Brake wear debris with low-metallic formula does not induce any adverse biological effects to the in vitro lung multicellular model. Brake wear particles from non-asbestos organic formulated pads, however, induced increased (pro-)inflammatory mediator release from the same in vitro system. The latter finding can be attributed to the different particle compositions, specifically the presence of anatase.Web of Science9272351233

First Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae, L-pseudotheobromae, and Diplodia seriata Causing Bot Canker and Gummosis of Nectarines in Turkey

WOS: 000385608800025

An establishment of in vitro shoot-tip culture system in some stone fruit rootstocks for future development of disease-free rootstocks

Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathology-Society -- AUG 01-05, 2009 -- Portland, ORWOS: 000266213300370…Amer Phytopathol So

Nanocellulose: A New Biopolymer for Biomedical Application

International audienceOn one side, growing environmental concerns about fossil resources depletion and their impact on our ecosystems leaves mankind with no choice but to increase the use of alternative raw materials. Nature-derived polymers, or so-called biobased polymers or biopolymers, are nowadays more and more investigated to replace traditional polymers and open new research perspectives due to their specific properties. On the other side, aging population and increasing incidence of chronic diseases and disabilities require permanent efforts to develop innovative medical care products. This chapter focuses on the synergies that are born to address those two challenges. Past and current trends in the use of biopolymers for medical care applications are described with a focus on cellulose under its different forms and derivatives. Among them, nanocellulose has been tremendously investigated by the scientific community in the past two decades. Its two main identified families, namely, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), are described in this chapter. Their origin and their lab-scale and industrial production processes as well as health and toxicology aspects will be addressed. CNF use for medical care product development is finally presented