F.Smarandache

Florentin Smarandache is Professor Asociado de Matemática to the University of New Mexico in EE. Publicó more than 75 books and 100 artícuculos and notes of mathematician, physicist, philosophy, psychology, Literature, rebus. In mathematical his investigation it is in theory of numbers, not- Euclidean geometry, synthetic geometry, algebraic structures, statistic, neutrosofica logic and joint (generalization of blurred intuicionistica logic and joint respectively), neutrosofica probability (generalization of vague and classic probability). Also, few contributions to nuclear and physical of particles, information of fusion (it sees the theory of Dezert-Smarandache of reasonable reasoning paradojisto and, 2002), philosophy (it sees neutrosofía, a generaralización of dialectic), psychology (leya of sensations and stimuli), sociology (paradoxical sociologicales), linguistic (paradoxical semantic and tautología) etc. In Literature the movement established in 1980 Paradoxismo, based of the use excess of contradictions, antinomies, paradoxes in creatio

Molecular characterisation of four double-flowered mutants of Silene dioica representing four centuries of variation

Records of double-flowered Silene dioica date from the late sixteenth century and four named varieties are grown today, as previously, for their horticultural interest. Although double-flowered mutants have been characterized in several plants, their study in dioecious species is of particular interest due to influences of the homeotic mutation on the different floral whorl configurations in males and females. We have analysed four double-flowered varieties of Silene dioica: Flore Pleno and Rosea Plena date back to the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries, Thelma Kay and Firefly were recognized in the latter part of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. We have analysed the floral structure of the four varieties, which have distinct floral architectures. Based on Y chromosome-specific PCR analysis we show that Firefly is male and that the other three varieties are female: Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses suggested a common origin for the three female varieties. The double-flowered phenotype in all four varieties is caused by mutation of the C-function MADS-box transcription factor gene SDM1. We show that Firefly carries a unique 44bp insertion into SDM1, revealing an independent origin for this variety. Comparative analysis of SDM1 cDNA and genomic sequences in Flore Pleno, Rosea Plena and Thelma Kay shows that all three are caused by the same 7bp insertion within SDM1 and therefore share a common origin. The three alleles also differ by several single nucleotide polymorphisms, which represent somatic mutations accumulated over four centuries of asexual propagation

Rho-Isp Revisited and Basic Stage Mass Estimating for Launch Vehicle Conceptual Sizing Studies

The ideal rocket equation is manipulated to demonstrate the essential link between propellant density and specific impulse as the two primary stage performance drivers for a launch vehicle. This is illustrated by examining volume-limited stages such as first stages and boosters. This proves to be a good approximation for first-order or Phase A vehicle design studies for solid rocket motors and for liquid stages, except when comparing to hydrogen-fueled stages. A next-order mass model is developed that is able to model the mass differences between hydrogen-fueled and other stages. Propellants considered range in density from liquid methane to inhibited red fuming nitric acid. Calculated comparisons are shown for solid rocket boosters, liquid first stages, liquid upper stages, and a balloon-deployed single-stage-to-orbit concept. The derived relationships are ripe for inclusion in a multi-stage design space exploration and optimization algorithm, as well as for single-parameter comparisons such as those shown herein

Температурный дрейф собственных частот микромеханического гироскопа

Целью работы является определение характеристик влияниятемпературного воздействия на собственные частоты микромеханического гироскопа, чувствительный элемент которого расположен на кремниевой пластине с кристаллографической ориентацией (111), имеющей изотропию механических и температурных свойств во всех направлениях. Необходимость контроля метрологических характеристик, зависящих от собственных частот во всем температурном диапазоне, подтверждает актуальность данной темы исследования. В ходе исследования в среде ANSYS проведен температурно-модальный анализ модели, имитирующей первичные колебания микромеханического гироскопа. Модель микрорезонатора, выбранная в качестве имитатора первичных колебаний микромеханического гироскопа, адекватно отражает характер колебаний массы по оси первичных колебаний. В результате получены температурные зависимости собственных частот и определены наиболее температурно-независимые моды колебаний для осциллятора, выполненного на кремниевой пластине с кристаллографической ориентацией (111)

Facts, Interactivity and Videotape : Exploring the Design Space of Data in Interactive Video Storytelling

We live in a society that is increasingly data rich, with an unprecedented amount of information being captured, stored and analysed about our lives and the people we share them with. We explore the relationship between this new data and emergent forms of interactive video storytelling. In particular we ask: i) how can interactive video storytelling techniques be employed to provide accessible, informative and pleasurable ways for people to engage with data; and ii) how can data be used by the creators of interactive video stories to meet expressive goals and support new forms of experience? We present an analysis of 43 interactive videos that use data in a noteworthy fashion. This analysis reveals a design space comprising key techniques for telling engaging interactive video stories with and about data. To conclude, we discuss challenges relating to the production and consumption of such content and make recommendations for future research

Academic freedom and freedom of speech:the assault of vulnerability

The UK government’s attempt to “prevent” terrorism and extremism in the university sector is rightly seen as an intolerant threat to academic freedom. However, this development has not come from a “right wing” authoritarian impulse, but rather, replicates many of the discussions already taking place in universities about the need to protect “vulnerable” students from offensive and dangerous ideas. Historically, the threat to academic freedom came from outside the university, from pressures exerted from governments, from religious institutions who oversaw a particular institution or from the demands of business. Alternatively it has been seen as something that is a particular problem in non-Western countries that do not have democracy. While some of these problems and pressures remain, there is a more dangerous threat to academic freedom that comes from within universities, a triumvirate of a relativistic academic culture, a new body of identity-based student activists and a therapeutically oriented university management, all three of which have helped to construct universities as safe spaces for the newly conceptualized “vulnerable student.” With reference to the idea of vulnerability, this chapter attempts to chart and explain these modern developments

Nonperturbative Superpotentials and Compactification to Three Dimensions

We consider four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories with gauge group U(N) on R^3 x S^1, in the presence of a classical superpotential. The low-energy quantum superpotential is obtained by simply replacing the adjoint scalar superfield in the classical superpotential by the Lax matrix of the integrable system that underlies the 4d field theory. We verify in a number of examples that the vacuum structure obtained in this way matches precisely that in 4d, although the degrees of freedom that appear are quite distinct. Several features of 4d field theories, such as the possibility of lifting vacua from U(N) to U(tN), become particularly simple in this framework. It turns out that supersymmetric vacua give rise to a reduction of the integrable system which contains information about the field theory but also about the Dijkgraaf-Vafa matrix model. The relation between the matrix model and the quantum superpotential on R^3 x S^1 appears to involve a novel kind of mirror symmetry.Comment: LaTeX, 45 pages, uses AmsMath, minor correction, reference adde