Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey

Conclusion: We present the largest cohort of children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia in the literature to date. Hyperprolactinemia is more common in females and cabergoline is highly effective and practical to use in adolescents, due to its biweekly dosing. Indications for surgery in pediatric cases need to be revised

Some Fixed Point Results for Caristi Type Mappings in Modular Metric Spaces with an Application

In this paper we give Caristi type fixed point theorem in complete modular metric spaces. Moreover we give a theorem which can be derived from Caristi type. Also an application for the bounded solution of funcional equations is investigated

Neuroprotective effects of racemic ketamine and (S)-ketamine on spinal cord injury in rat

WOS: 000305422000026PubMed: 22436574Background: The aim of this study was to investigate and to compare the potential neuroprotective effects of racemic ketamine, (S)-ketamine and methylprednisolone after an experimental spinal cord injury model in rats. Methods: Fifty-nine Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups as acute stage (A), subacute stage (SA) and sham groups and then acute and subacute stage groups were divided into four groups regarding the used drug as control (CONT), racemic ketamine (RK), (S)-ketamine (SK) and methylprednisolone (MP) groups. A dorsal laminectomy was performed; and spinal cord injury was induced by using a temporary aneurysm clip. Four hours later from the clip compression, except those of the sham and control groups, the drugs (60 mg/kg racemic ketamine, 60 mg/kg (S)-ketamine or 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone) were administered intraperitoneally. At 72th h and 7th days of the study, the spinal cords of rats were removed from T8 level to the conus medullaris level. The specimens were and evaluated histopathologically, tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) and myeloperoxidation (MPO) levels were measured and biochemically. Results: The histopathological results were similar both in the acute and in the subacute stage groups. There was a statistically significant difference among all groups regarding the tissue LPO levels (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the CONT-A group and the MP-A, RK-A and SK-A groups (p = 0.004, p < 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively) in acute stage and between the CONT-SA group and SK-SA group (p = 0.002) in subacute stage. There was a statistically significant difference among all groups regarding the tissue MPO levels (p = 0.001). The median MPO levels were similar among acute stage groups (p = 0.057), but there was a statistical difference among subacute stage groups (p = 0.046). Conclusion: (S)-ketamine is more effective than methylprednisolone and racemic ketamine to reduce the LPO levels in subacute stage of spinal cord injury in rats. And, it is as effective as methylprednisolone in preventing secondary spinal cord injury histopathologically. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Evaluation of obesity in university students with neck circumference and determination of emotional appetite

KILINC, FATMA/0000-0001-8297-958XWOS: 000470862800012Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate obesity in university students with neck circumference and other anthropometric measurements and to determine their emotional appetite. Method: The study was conducted within the scope of Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kirikkale University in June-December 2017 in June-December 2017 term and 4873 students were reached. A questionnaire consisting of descriptive information and emotional appetite scale was applied to students and their obesity status were determined by taking anthropometric measurements. Results: Students consist of 56.3% females and 43.7% males. Mean body mass index (BMI) is 23.62 +/- 3.03 kg/m(2) in males and 21.66 +/- 3.08 kg/m(2) in females (p<0.001). Mean neck circumference is 37.50 +/- 2.49 cm in males and 32.18 +/- 3.51 cm in females (p<0.001). According to student's BMI, 18.5% are overweight and obese, to neck circumference 36.6% are obese, and to waist circumference 22.4% are in the risk and high-risk group. 65.8% of males and 19.4% of females are obese according to neck circumference (p<0.001). Waist circumference/height ratio of males is 0.478 +/- 0.054 while that of females is 0.452 +/- 0.053. Central obesity was observed in 30.2% of males and 16.3% of females (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between body weight, BMI, waist circumference, wrist circumference, waist/height ratio and neck circumference. Emotional appetite status of students and values of total positive scores are different from others in at least one of BMI groups (chi(2) =14.503; p=0.002). Total positive scores of thin students are higher than those who are overweight and obese (p<0.001). Total score in negative emotions/conditions is high in students who are obese according to neck circumference (Z=4.539; p<0.001). In negative and positive emotions/conditions, median score of total emotional appetite scale of males is higher than that of females (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to neck circumference, it is determined that obesity more common in males than females, males' appetites increase more than females' in positive and negative situations, and overweight and obese students exhibit more eating behaviour when they experience negative emotions

Evaluation of the neurotoxicity of DMSO infused into the carotid artery of rat

WOS: 000300640000013PubMed: 21907339Introduction: Despite the explanations put forth in many studies regarding histopathological evidence of the inflammatory stage related with the infusion of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the vessel wall and its lumen, there has been no research to evaluate its neural toxicity when it is infused via the intracarotid route. This study was designed to evaluate the possible neurotoxic effects of DMSO on the closer and distant brain tissue and carotid artery when it was slowly infused into the internal carotid arteries of the rats. Methods: The right common carotid artery bifurcation was exposed through a midline neck incision, and then except those of the control group animals (n = 5), the experimental material (normal saline, n = 5 or anhydrous DMSO, n = 10) was infused into the internal carotid artery of the Wistar albino rats. After the experimental materials were administered intra-arterially, brain tissues were harvested for histopathological and biochemical studies at 72 h for investigation of the acute stage changes and on 10th day for investigation of the chronic stage changes. Internal carotid arteries of both sides were also removed for histopathological evaluation. During sacrification of the rats, whole body blood of them are collected for biochemical evaluation. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding comparison of the mean values of the hippocampal neuronal cell counts and the carotid artery diameters in both acute and chronic stages. Also, mean values of the lipid peroxidation levels of harvested brain tissues and serums of the collected bloods were similar in control, saline and DMSO groups. Conclusion: This experimental study suggested that DMSO has no toxic effect on the neural and arterial tissues of rats when it is slowly infused into the carotid artery. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality and dietary intake in adults

KILINC, FATMA/0000-0001-8297-958X; Karaismailoglu, Eda/0000-0003-3085-7809WOS: 000494785800001To determine the relationship of specific macro- and micro-nutrients and food groups with sleep duration and sleep quality in adults. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 2446 adults aged between 20 and 64 years in Turkey. The participants' socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and dietary intake (24-h recall) were taken. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. In the study, 48.9% of the participants were male and 51.1% were female, with an average age of 38.7 +/- 12.70 years. Total protein, meat, and processed meat product consumption rates of long sleepers were found to be lower than those of normal sleepers (p < 0.05). Saturated fat intake of short sleepers was higher than that of long sleepers (p < 0.018). Participants with good sleep quality were found to consume higher carbohydrate, fiber, beta-carotene, vitamin E, thiamine, vitamin B-6, total folate, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and iron compared to those with poor sleep quality (p < 0.05). When examined in terms of food groups, fruit consumption was higher in individuals with good sleep quality compared to those with poor sleep quality (p < 0.05). In this study, some macro- and micro-nutrients of the diet were found correlated with sleep duration and quality. Mechanisms mediating the relationship between sleep duration and dietary intake are multi-factorial. Because of the differences in appetite-related hormones, such as leptin and ghrelin, and hedonic factors, future studies will benefit from assessing sleep duration/quality and dietary intake

Effects Of Intracisternal And Intravenous Dexmedetomidine On Ischemia-Induced Brain Injury In Rat: A Comparative Study

AIM: To compare the effect of dexmedetomidine administered by intracisternal route with by intravenous route on brain tissue of rat after incomplete cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL and METHODS: Cerebral ischemia was produced by the combination of right common carotid artery occlusion and hemorrhagic hypotension during 30 minutes. Thirty minutes before the ischemia, 0.1 ml 0.9% NaCl (Group SIC, n=6) or 9 mu g/kg dexmedetomidine (Group DIC, n=6) was administered into the cisterna magna. For the intravenous groups, 9 mu g/kg dexmedetomidine (Group DIV, n=6) or 0.9% NaCl (Group CONTROL, n=6) 5 ml/kg/h was given in 2 hours. After 24 hours, the lipid peroxidation levels were measured in the brain tissue and plasma. Hippocampal formations were used for histopathological examination. RESULTS: Intravenous dexmedetomidine produced a decrease in baseline mean arterial blood pressure and plasma glucose concentrations. There was a significant difference between the DIV group and DIC, SIC, CONTROL groups regarding the brain lipid peroxidation levels (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.001, respectively), and regarding the picnotic neuronal cell count (p<0.001, p=0.01, p=0.009, respectively). Mean plasma lipid peroxidation levels of the DIV group was different from the DIC group (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Systemically administered dexmedetomidine had neuroprotective effect in ischemia-induced neuronal damage, but centrally administered dexmedetomidine did not.WoSScopu

Effects of low-dose methotrexate in spinal cord injury in rats

WOS: 000322097200002PubMed: 23884668BACKGROUND This study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of low-dose methotrexate in the spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. METHODS Thirty-seven Wistar albino rats were used in the present study. Except for the animals of the Sham group, all animals were divided into two main groups, which were used in acute and subacute stage investigations. Then, thoracal laminectomy was performed, and except for the Sham group, SCI was induced using a temporary aneurysm clip. After clip compression, the experimental material (methotrexate or methylprednisolone) was administered intraperitoneally, except in the Sham and Control groups. Then, the spinal cords were removed to evaluate the SCI histopathologically and biochemically at the scheduled date. RESULTS Neither experimental material was shown to reduce the histopathological grade in either stage of SCI. Low-dose methotrexate was shown to decrease lipid peroxidation levels only in the subacute stage of SCI. However, methylprednisolone and low-dose methotrexate could not decrease or block myeloperoxidase enzyme activation in either stage of SCI. CONCLUSION Low-dose methotrexate was effective in reducing the lipid peroxidation levels in the subacute stage of SCI, although histopathological evaluation results and myeloperoxidase levels of all groups did not support this finding at either stage