Antibacterial Activity of the Prosopis juliflora Extract on gasto intestinal tract (GIT) Pathogenic Bacteria

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى تقيم فعالية ورق المسكيت ضد البكترية المعوية. تم عزل خمس انواع من البكتريا المعوية من مرضي يعانون من اضرابات معوية و الاجناس هي السامونيلا السقيلا الايسيرشا كولاي والكيبسيلا و الاسطاف وتم عزل هذة الاجناس في المختبر و بعد عزل جميع انواع البكتريا تم التعرف عليها باستخدام الاختبارات الكيموحيوية و من ثم تمت تنقية هذه العينات في مستنبتات اختبارية ثم حفظت في مستنبتات الاجارالمائل في التلاجة وذلك لحين اخضاعها لاختبارات الحساسية ضد المضادات الحيوية في المعمل واستعمالها ايضا عند الحوجة . اخضعت جميع العينات البكترية الي النوعين من الاختبارات ضد المضادات الحيوية مع بكتريا:- الاي كولاي 16ملمتر للاستبروماسين ،السبروماسين 38ملمتر ، وجنتاميسين 30ملمتر ، وكورتيماكسول30ملمتر اما البنسلين فكانت مقاومة له. اما الشيقلايا في الاستبروماسين كانت مقاومة لة. اما السبروماسين 30 ملمتر في حالة الجنتاميسين 30ملمتر والكورتماكسول كانت مقاومه له و كذلك البنسلين .اما السالمونيلا فكانت مقاومة للاسبروماسين والبنسلين اما السبروماسين 38 ملمتر والكورتيماكول30 ملمتر والجنتاميسين 25 ملمتر . اما بكتريا الكلابسيلا فكانت مقاومة للاستبروماسين و 25 السبروماسين و20 ملمتر للجنتاميسين. و20ملمتر الكلورتيماكسول و26 ملمتر للبنسلين. هو النوع الاول" اختبار اقراص الحساسية بينما النوع الثاني من الاختبارات هو هو طريقة التخفيف التتابعي وذلك باستخدام تراكيز مختلفة لمستخلص ورق نبات المسكي

Assessment of difference in the clinical and microbial spectrum of community-acquired pneumonia among Egyptian children

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality in children, especially in developing countries. Chest radiography and rapid viral testing may be helpful when the diagnosis is unclear.Objective: This study aimed to find pattern community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) pathogen after introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) vaccine in Egypt and also to provide an update on the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of CAP in children.Patients and methods: A cross sectional study that was conducted on 54 patients with pneumonia infection. Participation to this study was offered to all consecutive children aged 2 months to 7 years old presenting with CAP according to the WHO criteria. All cases with CAP were subjected to full history, clinical examination, radiological plan chest X-ray and laboratory and microbiological investigations. Results: The mean age was 1.79 years and mean weight was 9.61 Kg, more than half of them were male (57.4%). About 94.4% of the studied group had respiratory distress (RD) Grade I followed 70.4% had Grade II, 46.3% had grade III. The mean hemoglobin (Hb) level was 11.06 gm/dl, mean hematocrit was 32.44%, while mean neutrophil was 6.61%. Additionally, the mean platelets count was 345.81 × 103/mm3 mean CRP was 43.26 mg/dl, and the median of PCT was 1.13. All 64.8% of the studied group had disease less than 1 week ago. Regarding oxygen support 14.8% needed ventilator. Finally 22.2% were admitted to ICU.Conclusion: Bacteremia is an unusual complication of CAP in hospitalized children. Our study suggests that approximately 1% of admitted children with CAP are bacteremic

An Investigation into Mechanical Properties of Ductile Cast Iron with Different Heat Treatment Processes

The mechanical properties as well as microstructure of the ductile cast iron (DCI) are most likely affected by heat treatments. In this work, the mechanical properties of different heat treated of DCI alloy were investigated. Two heat treatment (HT) processes were conducted for DCI; austempering and quenching followed by lower tempering. The melted alloy of DCI was poured in Y-block, from which the specimens of the mechanical tests were prepared. Experimental tests were carried out to investigate the effect of these HT processes on the mechanical properties. A comparison between mechanical properties due to HT and as cast DCI are presented and discussed. The results showed that there is a difference in microstructure, homogeneity, wear rate and compression of DCI based on the conducted heat treatment

Prophylactic use of carvedilol to prevent ventricular dysfunction in patients with cancer treated with doxorubicin

Objective: Deterioration in ventricular function is often observed in patients treated with anthracyclines for cancer. There is a paucity of evidence on interventions that might provide cardio-protection. We investigated whether prophylactic use of carvedilol can prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and whether any observed effect is dose related. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study in patients treated with doxorubicin, comparing placebo (n = 38) with different doses of carvedilol [6.25 mg/day (n = 41), 12.5 mg/day (n = 38) or 25 mg/day (n = 37)]. The primary endpoint was the measured change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from baseline to 6 months. Results: LVEF decreased from 62 ± 5% at baseline to 58 ± 7% at 6-months (p = 0.002) in patients assigned to placebo but no statistically significant changes were observed in any of the 3 carvedilol groups. At 6 months, only one of 116 patients (1%) assigned to carvedilol had an LVEF < 50% compared to four of the 38 assigned to placebo (11%), (p = 0.013). No significant differences were noted between carvedilol and placebo in terms of the development of diastolic dysfunction, clinically overt heart failure or death. Conclusions: Carvedilol might prevent deterioration in LVEF in cancer patients treated with doxorubicin. This effect may not be dose related within the studied range

Longitudinal expression profiling identifies a poor risk subset of patients with ABC-type Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Despite the effectiveness of immuno-chemotherapy, 40\cell lymphoma (DLBCL) experience relapse or refractory disease. Longitudinal studies have previously focused on the mutational landscape of relapse but fell short of providing a consistent relapse-specific genetic signature. In our study, we have focussed attention on the changes in gene expression profile accompanying DLBCL relapse using archival paired diagnostic/relapse specimens from 38 de novo DLBCL patients. Cell of origin remained stable from diagnosis to relapse in 80\ with only a single patient showing COO switching from ABC to GCB. Analysis of the transcriptomic changes that occur following relapse suggest ABC and GCB relapses are mediated via different mechanisms. We developed a 30-gene discriminator for ABC-DLBCLs derived from relapse-associated genes, that defined clinically distinct high and low risk subgroups in ABC-DLBCLs at diagnosis in datasets comprising both population-based and clinical trial cohorts. This signature also identified a population of \lt;60-year-old patients with superior PFS and OS treated with Ibrutinib-R-CHOP as part of the PHOENIX trial. Altogether this new signature adds to the existing toolkit of putative genetic predictors now available in DLBCL that can be readily assessed as part of prospective clinical trials

Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI): a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic conditioning with transient ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We investigated whether remote ischaemic conditioning could reduce the incidence of cardiac death and hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months. METHODS: We did an international investigator-initiated, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI) at 33 centres across the UK, Denmark, Spain, and Serbia. Patients (age >18 years) with suspected STEMI and who were eligible for PPCI were randomly allocated (1:1, stratified by centre with a permuted block method) to receive standard treatment (including a sham simulated remote ischaemic conditioning intervention at UK sites only) or remote ischaemic conditioning treatment (intermittent ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm through four cycles of 5-min inflation and 5-min deflation of an automated cuff device) before PPCI. Investigators responsible for data collection and outcome assessment were masked to treatment allocation. The primary combined endpoint was cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02342522) and is completed. FINDINGS: Between Nov 6, 2013, and March 31, 2018, 5401 patients were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=2701) or the remote ischaemic conditioning group (n=2700). After exclusion of patients upon hospital arrival or loss to follow-up, 2569 patients in the control group and 2546 in the intervention group were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 12 months post-PPCI, the Kaplan-Meier-estimated frequencies of cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure (the primary endpoint) were 220 (8·6%) patients in the control group and 239 (9·4%) in the remote ischaemic conditioning group (hazard ratio 1·10 [95% CI 0·91-1·32], p=0·32 for intervention versus control). No important unexpected adverse events or side effects of remote ischaemic conditioning were observed. INTERPRETATION: Remote ischaemic conditioning does not improve clinical outcomes (cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure) at 12 months in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation, University College London Hospitals/University College London Biomedical Research Centre, Danish Innovation Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, TrygFonden

Distance protection and fault location of the PV power plants distribution lines

Unlike the synchronous generators, the short-circuit current provided by the photovoltaic (PV) sources is limited by the grid-connected inverters and closely related to the normal conditions, which impacts the protection of the power systems. This study deals with the protection of the power lines (distribution feeders) that connect the PV power plants (PVPP) to the grid; the first part of this study analyses the impact of the grid-connected PV (GCPV) system on the conventional distance protection. A specific coordination between the over-current protection of the grid side and the distance protection of the PVPP side was used to eliminate this impact. This coordination requires delaying the distance protection and keeping the inverter connected to the grid, which was achieved by fault ride-through (FRT) feature accompanied with the inverter control during the fault condition. The second part studies the possibility of using the double-end-impedance-based fault location on the PVPP power lines, and some FRT strategies were suggested to reduce the effect of the inverter control loops on obtaining the accurate fault location. The proposed work was verified by GCPV system model using MATLAB/Simulink software