СЕЛЕКТИВНОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ МАССОВОЙ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ДИОКСИДА ХЛОРА В ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ВЫБРОСАХ МЕТОДОМ КАПИЛЛЯРНОГО ЭЛЕКТРОФОРЕЗА

The task of the selective determination of chlorine dioxide in gas environments, including the emissions from the pulp and paper mills, is relevant and in demand. Current article presents a brief review of the existing methods and procedures for measuring the chlorine dioxide in liquid and gas environments, and identifies the problems in controlling the chlorine dioxide in industrial emissions from the pulp and paper production due to the influence of the related substances: molecular chlorine, hydrochloride, hydrochlorate and sulfur dioxide. As a result, to achieve the required selectivity of the chlorine dioxide determination, the procedure for its preliminary oxidation with the hydrogen peroxide to the chlorite-ion was developed, followed by the measuring of its mass concentration by the capillary electrophoresis. The conditions of sampling, all stages of sample preparation and measurements on the instrument were optimized. Based on the experimental studies, a method for measuring the chlorine dioxide in the industrial emissions in the form of chlorite ion in the range from 0.025 to 0.3 mg/m3 with an expanded uncertainty of 25% has been developed. The contributions of the components of uncertainties affecting the measurement result were summarized in the budget of the uncertainties prepared during the metrological certification of the measurement procedure. The developed method is more selective and reliable in comparison to the traditional methods (“wet chemistry”) used for the measuring of the chlorine dioxide in industrial emissions.Key words: chlorine dioxide, chlorite-ion, capillary electrophoresis, measurement techniques, industrial emissionsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2019.23.2.006(Russian)Irina B. Maksakova, Lydmila V. Eliseeva, Marina M. Bezruchko, Anatoliy I. Krylov D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM), Moskovskii pr., 19,Saint-Petersburg, 190005, Russian FederationЗадача селективного определения диоксида хлора в газовых средах, включая выбросы целлюлозно-бумажных производств (ЦБП), актуальна и востребована. В статье представлен краткий обзор существующих методов и методик измерений диоксида хлора в жидких и газовых средах, выявлены проблемы контроля диоксида хлора в промышленных выбросах ЦБП, обусловленные влиянием сопутствующих веществ: молекулярный хлор, гидрохлорид, гидрохлорат и диоксид серы. В результате для достижения необходимой селективности определения диоксида хлора отработана процедура его предварительного окисления пероксидом водорода до хлорит-иона с последующим измерением его массовой концентрации методом капиллярного электрофореза. Оптимизированы условия пробоотбора, всех стадий пробоподготовки и выполнения измерений на приборе. На основе проведенных экспериментальных исследований разработана методика измерений диоксида хлора в промышленных выбросах в виде хлорит-иона в диапазоне от 0.025 до 0.3 мг/м3 при расширенной неопределенности 25 %. Вклады составляющих неопределенностей, оказывающих влияние на результат измерений суммированы в бюджете неопределенностей, подготовленном при метрологической аттестации методики измерений. Разработанная методика является более селективной и достоверной в сравнении с используемыми традиционными методами («мокрой химии») измерений диоксида хлора в промышленных выбросах.Ключевые слова: диоксид хлора, хлорит-ион, капиллярный электрофорез, методики измерений, промышленные выбросыDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2019.23.2.00

Norms of grammatical categories acquisition by boys and girls at an early age

The article is devoted to the morphological norms of speech development of children at an early age.Статья посвящена морфологическим нормам развития речи детей раннего возраста

Structural and Luminescence Properties of Silica-Based Hybrids Containing New Silylated-Diketonato Europium(III) Complex

A new betadiketonate ligand displaying a trimethoxysilyl group as grafting function and a diketone moiety as complexing site (TTA-Si = 4,4,4-trifluoro-2-(3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-1-3-butanedione (C4H3S)COCH[(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3]COCF3) and its highly luminescent europium(III) complex [Eu(TTA-Si)3] have been synthesized and fully characterized. Luminescent silica-based hybrids have been prepared as well with this new complex grafted on the surface of dense silica nanoparticles (28 (+/-3 nm) or on mesoporous silica particles. The covalent bonding of Eu(TTA-Si)3 inside the core of uniform silica nanoparticles (40 (+/- 5 nm) was also achieved. Luminescence properties are discussed in relation to the europium chemical environment involved in each of the three hybrids. The general methodology proposed allowed high grafting ratios and overcame chelate release and tendency to agglomeration, and it could be applied to any silica matrix (in the core or at the surface, nanosized or not, dense or mesoporous) and therefore numerous applications such as luminescent markers and luminophors could be foreseen

Возможности психотерапии в комплексном лечении больных бронхиальной астмой

Summary. The aim of this study was to estimate efficiency of psychotherapy in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma and to develop psychotherapeutic schemes. Three treatment modes were used: nonspecific desensitization using the method of neuro linguistic programming; symptomatic psychotherapy; and pathogenic psychotherapy for correction of psychoemotional background. Combined treatment was more effective than medications alone with regard to symptoms of psychological mechanism of bronchial asthma and to clinical signs in longterm followup. In patients with prominent response to allergens we could recommend nonspecific desensitization using the method of neuro linguistic programming. A rapid correction could be achieved by symptomatic psychotherapy. Delayed but longterm effect could be achieved by pathogenic psychotherapy.Резюме. Целью исследования являлась оценка эффективности психотерапии в комплексном лечении больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) и разработка психотерапевтических схем лечения. Использовались следующие три варианта: неспецифическая десенсибилизация методом нейролингвистического программирования, симптоматическая психотерапия и патогенетическая психотерапия для коррекции психоэмоционального фона. Комплексное лечение было более эффективным, чем медикаментозная терапия без психотерапевтического воздействия, в отношении симптомов нервнопсихического механизма патогенеза БА и клинических признаков при долгосрочном наблюдении. При наличии выраженных реакций на аллерген можно рекомендовать неспецифическую десенсибилизацию методом ней ролингвистического программирования, для быстрой коррекции – симптоматическую психотерапию, для отсроченного, но долгосрочного эффекта – патогенетическую психотерапию

НАДФН-диафоразная активность эпителия дыхательных путей при бронхиальной астме

The activity and topochemistry of the NADPHN-diaphorase co-localized with NO-syntase were studied for the surgical material taken after lung resection of patients suffering from bronchoal asthma. An uneveness of the morphological indicators has been determined for the respiratory tracts’ membranous wall remodelling. This uneveness has specified different intensity of the epithelium’ NADPHN-diaphorase reaction. Enzyme moderate activity in small and medium bronchi prevailed for mild persisting bronchial asthma. The both number of small and medium bronchi with the increased NO-syntase and its level grew with the disease severity. In parallel the number of the bronchi with the reduced enzyme expression increased. This is probably due to the development of irreversable obstruction signes. The high level of the enzyme was also revealed in the cells being the inflammation residents (alveolar macrophages and tissue basophile) and the cells type in the alvelotsitakh during a severe bronchial asthmaИсследована топохимия и активность НАДФН-диафоразы, солокализованной с NO-cинтaзoй в операционном материале легких больных бронхиальной астмой (БА). Установлена неравномерность морфологических признаков ремоделирования стенки дыхательных путей, определившая различную интенсивность НАДФН-диафоразной реакции эпителия. При легкой персистирующей БА преобладала умеренная активность энзима в мелких и средних бронхах. С нарастанием тяжести процесса увеличивалось как число мелких и средних бронхов с повышением NO-cинтaзы1 так и ее уровень. Параллельно происходило увеличение количества бронхов со сниженной экспрессией фермента, видимо, связанное с присоединением необратимых признаков обструкции. Высокий уровень энзима также обнаружен в клетках — резидентах воспаления — альвеолярных макрофагах и тканевых базофилах, а при тяжелой БА и в альвелоцитах 1

Cyanomethylene-bis(phosphonate)-Based Lanthanide Complexes: Structural, Photophysical, and Magnetic Investigations

10 pagesInternational audienceThe syntheses, structural investigations, magnetic and photophysical properties of a series of 10 lanthanide mononuclear complexes, containing the heteroditopic ligand cyanomethylene-bis(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2λ5-dioxa-phosphorinane) (L), are described. The crystallographic analyses indicate two structural types: in the first one, [LnIII(L)3(H2O)2]*H2O (Ln = La, Pr, Nd), the metal ions are eight-coordinated within a square antiprism geometry, while the second one, [LnIII(L)3(H2O)]*8H2O (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er), contains seven-coordinated LnIII ions within distorted monocapped trigonal prisms...

Glioblastoma cellular cross-talk converges on NF-κB to attenuate EGFR inhibitor sensitivity

Funding Information: We thank Dr. David James, Dr. Frederick Lang, Dr. Cameron Brennan, and Dr. Harley Kornblum for GBM-PDX neurospheres. We thank Dr. Karen Arden for continuous support and critical evaluation of the results. We thank Dr. Robert Davis, Dr. German Gomez, Dr. Tiffany Taylor, Dr. Rachel Reed, Dr. Melissa Mcalonis, and Dr. Sora Lee for technical support. In memory of Rosa Lupo. This work was supported by the Defeat GBM Research Collaborative, a subsidiary of the National Brain Tumor Society (F.B.F. and P.S.M.), R01-NS080939 (F.B.F.), the James S. McDonnell Foundation (F.B.F.), the National Cancer Institute (2T32CA009523-29A1) (A.H.T), and 1RO1NS097649-01 (C.C.C.). C.Z. was partially supported by an American-Italian Cancer Foundation post-doctoral research fellowship. F.L. received a Gao Feng Gao Yuan Scholarship Award. T.C.G., A.K.S., P.S.M., W.K.C., and F.B.F. receive salary and additional support from the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Zanca et al.In glioblastoma (GBM), heterogeneous expression of amplified and mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) presents a substantial challenge for the effective use of EGFR-directed therapeutics. Here we demonstrate that heterogeneous expression of the wild-type receptor and its constitutively active mutant form, EGFRvIII, limits sensitivity to these therapies through an interclonal communication mechanism mediated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine secreted from EGFRvIII-positive tumor cells. IL-6 activates a NF-κB signaling axis in a paracrine and autocrine manner, leading to bromodomain protein 4 (BRD4)-dependent expression of the prosurvival protein survivin (BIRC5) and attenuation of sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). NF-κB and survivin are coordinately up-regulated in GBM patient tumors, and functional inhibition of either protein or BRD4 in in vitro and in vivo models restores sensitivity to EGFR TKIs. These results provide a rationale for improving anti-EGFR therapeutic efficacy through pharmacological uncoupling of a convergence point of NF-κB-mediated survival that is leveraged by an interclonal circuitry mechanism established by intratumoral mutational heterogeneity.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Association of residential dampness and mold with respiratory tract infections and bronchitis: a meta-analysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dampness and mold have been shown in qualitative reviews to be associated with a variety of adverse respiratory health effects, including respiratory tract infections. Several published meta-analyses have provided quantitative summaries for some of these associations, but not for respiratory infections. Demonstrating a causal relationship between dampness-related agents, which are preventable exposures, and respiratory tract infections would suggest important new public health strategies. We report the results of quantitative meta-analyses of published studies that examined the association of dampness or mold in homes with respiratory infections and bronchitis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For primary studies meeting eligibility criteria, we transformed reported odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) to the log scale. Both fixed and random effects models were applied to the log ORs and their variances. Most studies contained multiple estimated ORs. Models accounted for the correlation between multiple results within the studies analyzed. One set of analyses was performed with all eligible studies, and another set restricted to studies that controlled for age, gender, smoking, and socioeconomic status. Subgroups of studies were assessed to explore heterogeneity. Funnel plots were used to assess publication bias.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The resulting summary estimates of ORs from random effects models based on all studies ranged from 1.38 to 1.50, with 95% CIs excluding the null in all cases. Use of different analysis models and restricting analyses based on control of multiple confounding variables changed findings only slightly. ORs (95% CIs) from random effects models using studies adjusting for major confounding variables were, for bronchitis, 1.45 (1.32-1.59); for respiratory infections, 1.44 (1.31-1.59); for respiratory infections excluding nonspecific upper respiratory infections, 1.50 (1.32-1.70), and for respiratory infections in children or infants, 1.48 (1.33-1.65). Little effect of publication bias was evident. Estimated attributable risk proportions ranged from 8% to 20%.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Residential dampness and mold are associated with substantial and statistically significant increases in both respiratory infections and bronchitis. If these associations were confirmed as causal, effective control of dampness and mold in buildings would prevent a substantial proportion of respiratory infections.</p

Lanthanide-based time-resolved luminescence immunoassays

The sensitive and specific detection of analytes such as proteins in biological samples is critical for a variety of applications, for example disease diagnosis. In immunoassays a signal in response to the concentration of analyte present is generated by use of antibodies labeled with radioisotopes, luminophores, or enzymes. All immunoassays suffer to some extent from the problem of the background signal observed in the absence of analyte, which limits the sensitivity and dynamic range that can be achieved. This is especially the case for homogeneous immunoassays and surface measurements on tissue sections and membranes, which typically have a high background because of sample autofluorescence. One way of minimizing background in immunoassays involves the use of lanthanide chelate labels. Luminescent lanthanide complexes have exceedingly long-lived luminescence in comparison with conventional fluorophores, enabling the short-lived background interferences to be removed via time-gated acquisition and delivering greater assay sensitivity and a broader dynamic range. This review highlights the potential of using lanthanide luminescence to design sensitive and specific immunoassays. Techniques for labeling biomolecules with lanthanide chelate tags are discussed, with aspects of chelate design. Microtitre plate-based heterogeneous and homogeneous assays are reviewed and compared in terms of sensitivity, dynamic range, and convenience. The great potential of surface-based time-resolved imaging techniques for biomolecules on gels, membranes, and tissue sections using lanthanide tracers in proteomics applications is also emphasized

Formation of Amyloid-Like Fibrils by Y-Box Binding Protein 1 (YB-1) Is Mediated by Its Cold Shock Domain and Modulated by Disordered Terminal Domains

YB-1, a multifunctional DNA- and RNA-binding nucleocytoplasmic protein, is involved in the majority of DNA- and mRNA-dependent events in the cell. It consists of three structurally different domains: its central cold shock domain has the structure of a β-barrel, while the flanking domains are predicted to be intrinsically disordered. Recently, we showed that YB-1 is capable of forming elongated fibrils under high ionic strength conditions. Here we report that it is the cold shock domain that is responsible for formation of YB-1 fibrils, while the terminal domains differentially modulate this process depending on salt conditions. We demonstrate that YB-1 fibrils have amyloid-like features, including affinity for specific dyes and a typical X-ray diffraction pattern, and that in contrast to most of amyloids, they disassemble under nearly physiological conditions