Support Services in Social Studies Courses for Students with Hearing Loss

Social Studies courses aimed to promote the development of critical thinking skills in students. This study focused on the problems two students with hearing loss encountered while they are using three strategies: “identifying and using reference sources”, “perception of chronology” and “critical reasoning” strategies, which is required for the improvement of the critical skills. Action research method was used. A considerable data were collected through observations, interviews, documents, process products and the research diary. Findings showed that making the content of Social Studies concrete with activities and being a model to students while using strategies fostered the strategies students used. At the end of the study, it was observed that the activities that are supported with rich materials and activities accompanied by active participation contributed to the use of strategies with which at first students faced problems

On the risk spillover across the oil market, financial markets, and the oil-related CDS sectors: A Volatility impulse response approach

In contrast to previous CDS literature, this study focuses on the magnitude of volatility transmission and the risk spillover mechanism across the oil market, financial market risks, and the oil-related Credit Default Swap (CDS) sectors. Our dataset includes futures prices of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) in addition to seven different measures of markets and credit risks. Four of the vast risk measures are the oil-related sector CDSs for auto, chemicals, natural gas, and utility sector CDSs. Two measures of the financial market risk are further included in the study, which include the one-month expected equity volatility measured by the volatility index (VIX) and the one-month bond option volatility estimate (MOVE) or swaption move expected volatility (SMOVE). The daily dataset covers the period from January 6, 2004 to February 2, 2016. The volatility transmission mechanism across the oil and financial markets and CDS sectors is examined, using the volatility impulse responses. In addition to showing the magnitude of the volatility transmission, the volatility impulse responses have the advantage of providing valuable information on the speed of risk transmission among different markets. The shape and sign of the volatility impulse responses also provide significant information on the transmission mechanism. We evaluate the risk transmission due to several recent crisis shocks. The results show complicated transmission mechanisms that spread over long periods

Preventive Methods and Treatments of White Spot Lesions in Orthodontics

The aim of orthodontic treatment is to improve the esthetics of the teeth and face, to provide a beautiful smile, and an adequate and permanent chewing function. In individuals with insufficient oral hygiene, demineralization begins in the mouth with a very low pH value, and as a result, white spot lesions formed by decalcification of the enamel layer can be seen during orthodontic treatment. Since lesions are the first stage of caries formation, it is possible to stop caries development at this stage. Many methods, such as improving oral hygiene, regulating diets, fluoridated agents, laser, casein phosphopeptide, and microabrasion, are used in the treatment of white spot lesions. Preventive methods are of great importance in terms of preventing future tooth loss and reducing the treatment process. The purpose of this article is to manage white spot lesions in orthodontic treatment and to examine risk factors and preventive methods based on the latest evidence

Taşınabilir manyetik nanoparçacık spektrometresi

The magnetic particle spectrometer (MPS) uses the nonlinear response of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic saturation at certain magnetic field values. A time-varying magnetic field of excitation coils causes the magnetization of the particles to vary between the maximum and the minimum value. Generally, there are two ways in which a magnetic nanoparticle can change the direction when the applied area is temporarily changed. The particle itself performs a physical rotation called the Brown return, or the magnetic moment in the particle can rotate in a fixed structure called the Néel return. In a viscous environment, the combination of both types of rotation takes place, which depends on the frequency applied and is a dominant process. This system, also known as the relaxometer, takes into account the density of the magnetic nanoparticles in the MPS studies and the measurement of the relaxation times of the nanoparticles by making the corresponding calculations. Brownian or Néelrelaxation times can be calculated according to the reaction of chemically bound or unbound magnetic nanoparticles to the external variable magnetic field. In this study, a spectrometer was first designed and constructed to analyze the properties of nanoparticles such as relaxation times. MPS signals obtained from the spectrometer can be transferred to the computer with data acquisition card and data analysis can be done with a software written in python programming language.Manyetik parçacık spektrometresi (MPS), belirli manyetik alan değerlerinde süper paramanyetik demir oksit nanoparçacıklarının doğrusal olmayan tepkisini ve manyetik doygunluğunu kullanır. Zamanla değişen bir manyetik uyarıcı bobinlerin alanı parçacıkların mıknatıslanmasının maksimum ve minimum değer arasında değişmesine neden olur. Genel olarak, uygulanan alan geçici olarak değiştirildiğinde manyetik bir nanoparçacığın yönünü değiştirmenin iki yolu vardır. Parçacığın kendisi Brownian dönüşü adı verilen fiziksel bir dönüş gerçekleştirir veya parçacık içindeki manyetik moment Néel dönüşü adı verilen sabit bir yapıda dönebilir. Viskoz bir ortamda, uygulanan frekansa bağlı olan ve baskın bir işlem olan her iki dönme tipinin kombinasyonu gerçekleşir. Relaksometre olarak da bilinen bu sistem, MPS çalışmalarındaki manyetik nanoparçacıkların yoğunluğunu ve ilgili hesaplamaları yaparak nanoparçacıklarındurulma sürelerinin ölçümünü dikkate alır. Brownian veya Néeldurulma süreleri, kimyasal olarak bağlı veya bağlı olmayan manyetik nanoparçacıkların dış değişken manyetik alana verdiği tepkiye göre hesaplanabilir. Bu çalışmada, nanoparçacıkların durulma zamanları gibi özelliklerinin analiz edilmesini sağlayan bir spektrometre öncelikle tasarlanmış ve yapımı gerçekleştirilmiştir Spektrometreden elde edilen MPS sinyalleri veri toplama kartı ile bilgisayara aktarılabilir ve Python programlama dilinde yazılmış bir yazılımla veri analizi yapılabilir

Repeatability of facial soft tissue thickness measurements for forensic facial reconstruction using X-ray images

The repeatability of facial soft tissue thickness measurements at 10 standard anatomical landmarks was evaluated using lateral X-ray images obtained from 50 adult subjects. The intra-and inter-observer error rates were calculated after four practitioners took measurements using Denta Pacs 8.1 software. The results indicated high inter- and intra-observer repeatability, suggesting X-ray images can be used to measure facial soft tissue thicknesses for the purpose of craniofacial reconstruction and superimposition

Length of Hospital Stays of Patients Operated Due to Glioma Tumours in Neurosurgery Clinics and Intensive Care Units

DergiPark: 963054tmsjAims: To evaluate the relationship between the length of hospital stay and age, gender, and disease characteristics among glioma patients who went under surgery in Trakya University School of Medicine. Methods: The data of 51 glioma patients over 18 years of age, who have been followed up during 2019-2020 in Trakya University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery were analyzed. Patients' data comprised of sex, age, tumour location, grades of the tu- mours, the presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, whether the patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit or the neurosurgery clinic, duration of hospitalization, and whether radiotherapy and chemotherapy was received. Length of hospital stay was evaluated separately as intensive care unit and the neurosurgery clinic. Results: Out of 51 patients diagnosed with glioma, 18 (35.3%) were female, and 33 (64.7%) were male. The length of neurosurgery clinic and intensive care unit stays were not associated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy approaches. There was a statistically significant difference between the male and female patients in terms of the number of days stayed in the neurosurgery clinic. Conclusion: In conclusion, gender affected the length of neurosurgery clinic stays with a longer duration for female patients in our clinic. A waste number of parameters, including social ones, affect hospital stays. To reveal predictors of postoperative hospitalization thoroughly and overcome the study’s limitations, further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed

The Investigation of Medical Student Journals

DergiPark: 963050tmsjAims: The aim of our study is to examine and evaluate data of medical student journals from around the world for the year 2020. Methods: In this observational study 20 medical student journals were examined. Data analyzed comprised of the year of foundation, country of origin, number of issues per year, types of articles published, and the total number of articles published in a year. Issues that were published in 2020 only were taken into consideration. Results: In 2020, the majority of medical student journals were based in the United States of America, followed by Canada. There were only four indexed (Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded, PubMed) medical student journals; three were from the United States of America, and one from Canada. In comparison with other journals, the Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine had the most published issues. They also have the most crowded editorial board. Overall, the median of people on the editorial boards and advisory boards were 17.5 and 14, respectively. The median for issues per year was 2. The median number of publications in medical student journals in 2020 was 23. Among them, 13.1% were original research articles, 10.8% review articles, 9.4% case reports, 4.9% editorials, and 2.9% letters to the editor. The remaining 59.0% were publications that fell into the "others" category. Conclusion: In conclusion, the majority of medical student journals are based in North America and Europe, and a substantial amount of the published articles falls into the “others” category. Considering the lack of effective guidance and regulations with relevance to indexing. Medical student journals face certain challenges regarding visibility, accessibility, and publishing articles. However, provided that the editors of medical student journals remain keen, motivated, and focused, medical student journals will contribute to the scientific community by creating a supportive and intellectual environment for aspiring researchers where they can enhance their understanding of scientific research and publishing skills

Risk Factors and Management of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Patients With Hematological Disorders

DergiPark: 420829tmsjAims: The aim of this study is to evaluate hepatitis B virus serological status and to categorize the risks of our treatmentmodalities in patients with both benign and malignant hematological disorders.Methods: This was a retrospective study of 552 patients who were admitted to the Trakya University Hospital Hematologyunit between 01.01.2017 and 31.12.2017. All data regarding the diagnosis, treatment and HBV serologicalstatus were collected from patient files. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS V.20 using descriptive statistical analysis.Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in 45 (8.2%) patients, antibody to the hepatitis B surface antigenwas positive in 279 (50.5%) patients and antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen was positive in 247 (44.7%) patients.According to these results, 32 patients were found to be vaccinated for hepatitis B virus. Reactivation was observed in4 (0.7%) patients who have been hepatitis B surface antigen positive and have received adequate duration of antiviralprophylaxis with tenofovir. These 4 patients have received monoclonal antibody for immunosuppressive treatment.Conclusion: To conclude, although the rate of hepatitis B surface antigen reactivation is quite low, as many patientsas possible should be vaccinated to reduce the costs of antiviral treatments and monitorization. If there is notime to vaccinate, patients should be categorized according to guidelines by their hepatitis B surface antigen serologicalstatus and by the planned immunosuppressive treatments

Retrospective Analysis of Follicular Lymphoma Patients in Trakya University School of Medicine: a Single Center Experience

DergiPark: 889334tmsjAims: To establish a dataset including demographic features, disease characteristics, and survival rate of follicular lymphoma patients in Trakya Universi- ty School of Medicine and contribute to the database of follicular lymphoma in Turkey. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we analyzed data constituting of follicular lymphoma patients over 18 years of age followed during the years of 2015-2020 in Trakya University Division of Hematology. Results: Out of 43 patients, 22 (51.2%) were female and 21 (48.8%) were male. The mean age was 56.56 (standard deviation 13.24) years. There were 5 (11.6%) pa- tients with B symptoms, presence of bone marrow involvement was seen in 17 (39.5%) patients, lastly, there were 18 (41.9%) patients with splenomegaly. Twen- ty-one (48.8%) patients received rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine sulfate, and prednisone, making it the most common treatment protocol administered in our study. Conclusion: Follicular lymphoma patients usually end up getting diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease, presenting with incidentally noticed painless lymphadenopathy. Additionally, based on evidence in the literature, a clear gap in the successful diagnosis of follic- ular lymphoma patients can be observed between developed and developing countries. To overcome this hurdle, enhanced cooperation with hematopathology may lead to an increased awareness enabling physicians to make a more accurate diagnosis. Nonetheless, further studies are still needed to fully apprehend the epidemiology of follicular lymphoma patients in Turkey

Molecular etiology of arthrogryposis in multiple families of mostly Turkish origin

BACKGROUND. Arthrogryposis, defined as congenital, joint contractures in 2 or more body areas, is a clinical sign rather than a specific disease diagnosis. To date, more than 400 different disorders have been described that present with arthrogryposis, and variants of more than 220 genes have been associated with these disorders; however, the underlying molecular etiology remains unknown in the considerable majority of these cases. METHODS. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of 52 patients with clinical presentation of arthrogryposis from 48 different families. RESULTS. Affected individuals from 17 families (35.4%) had variants in known arthrogryposis-associated genes, including homozygous variants of cholinergic gamma nicotinic receptor (CHRNG, 6 subjects) and endothelin converting enzyme-like 1 (ECELI, 4 subjects). Deleterious variants in candidate arthrogryposis-causing genes (fibrillin 3 [FBN3], myosin IXA [MY09A], and pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 3 [PSD3]) were identified in 3 families (6.2%). Moreover, in 8 families with a homozygous mutation in an arthrogryposis-associated gene, we identified a second locus with either a homozygous or compound heterozygous variant in a candidate gene (myosin binding protein C, fast type (MYBPC2] and vacuolar protein sorting 8 [VPS8], 2 families, 4.2%) or in another disease-associated genes (6 families, 12.5%), indicating a potential mutational burden contributing to disease expression. CONCLUSION. In 58.3% of families, the arthrogryposis manifestation could be explained by a molecular diagnosis; however, the molecular etiology in subjects from 20 families remained unsolved by WES. Only 5 of these 20 unrelated subjects had a clinical presentation consistent with amyoplasia; a phenotype not thought to be of genetic origin. Our results indicate that increased use of genome-wide technologies will provide opportunities to better understand genetic models for diseases and molecular mechanisms of genetically heterogeneous disorders, such as arthrogryposis. FUNDING. This work was supported in part by US National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) grant U54HG006542 to the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, and US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) grant RO1NS058529 to J.R. Lupski.US NHGRI/NHLBI [U54HG006542]; US NINDSUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS) [R01NS058529]; CPRIT training Program [RP140102]; Medical Genetics Research Fellowship Program [T32 GM07526]; NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTEUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [U54HG006542] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER; NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCESUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [T32GM007526] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER; NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKEUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS) [R01NS058529] Funding Source: NIH RePORTERWe thank the patients and their families who participated in this study. This work was supported in part by US NHGRI/NHLBI grant U54HG006542 to the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics and US NINDS grant R01NS058529 to J.R. Lupski. W.L. Charng is supported by CPRIT training Program RP140102, and T. Harel is supported by the T32 GM07526 Medical Genetics Research Fellowship Program