Impacto das ondulações transversais na qualidade do transporte público coletivo na cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil

Understanding which factors affect the public transport quality increases the probability of correct urban road planning, thus improving the passengers' daily experience. Travel is a necessary part of any activity to be performed outside the individual's home. Thus, the offered transport service quality interferes with the time spent and the physical and psychological health of its users. Currently, Cuiabá city, capital of Mato Grosso, faces problems with the irregular construction of speed bumps, mainly on roads defined as public transport routes, which can directly impact the service quality. This work aims to analyze the possible implications of speed bumps on the public transport quality service offered in Cuiabá-MT. For this, a satisfaction survey with users of these services was prepared. In addition, the operational impact of speed bumps on the travel time of buses was measured through a field survey, using images captured by a Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) known as a drone. In general, it can be said that users notice a worsening in their experience on public transport when they go through speed bumps. Field measurement indicated that they reduce service speed and increase effective travel time.Comprender qué factores afectan la calidad del transporte público aumenta la probabilidad de una correcta planificación vial urbana, mejorando así la experiencia diaria de los pasajeros. El desplazamiento es una parte necesaria de cualquier actividad que se realice fuera del hogar del individuo. Así, la calidad del servicio de transporte ofrecido interfiere en el tiempo dedicado y en la salud física y psicológica de sus usuarios. Actualmente, la ciudad de Cuiabá, capital de Mato Grosso, enfrenta problemas con la construcción irregular de ondulaciones transversales, también conocidas como espinas, principalmente en vías definidas como rutas de transporte público por bus, que pueden impactar directamente en la calidad del servicio. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las posibles implicaciones de los topes en la calidad del servicio de transporte público que se ofrece en la ciudad de Cuiabá-MT. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta de satisfacción a los usuarios de estos servicios. Además, el impacto operativo de las jorobas en el tiempo de viaje de los autobuses se midió a través de un estudio de campo, utilizando imágenes capturadas por una aeronave pilotada de forma remota (RPA) conocida como dron. En general, se puede decir que los usuarios notan un empeoramiento de su experiencia en el transporte público cuando pasan por topes. La medición de campo indicó que reducen la velocidad del servicio y aumentan el tiempo de viaje efectivo.Entender quais fatores afetam a qualidade do transporte público aumenta a probabilidade de acertos no planejamento viário urbano, melhorando assim a experiência diária dos passageiros. O deslocamento é uma parte necessária para qualquer atividade a ser realizada fora da residência do indivíduo. Assim, a qualidade do serviço de transporte ofertado interfere no tempo gasto e na saúde física e psicológica de seus usuários. Atualmente, a cidade de Cuiabá, capital de Mato Grosso, enfrenta problemas com a construção irregular de ondulações transversais, também conhecidas como lombadas, principalmente em vias definidas como rota do transporte coletivo por ônibus, o que pode impactar diretamente na qualidade do serviço. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis implicações das lombadas na qualidade do serviço de transporte público coletivo oferecido na cidade de Cuiabá-MT. Elaborou-se para isso uma pesquisa de satisfação junto os usuários destes serviços. Complementarmente, mesurou-se o impacto operacional das lombadas no tempo de viagem dos ônibus através de um levantamento de campo, utilizando-se imagens captadas por meio de uma Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (RPA) conhecida por drone. De forma geral, pode- se afirmar que os usuários percebem uma piora em sua experiência no transporte público ao passarem por lombadas. A medição de campo indicou que elas reduzem a velocidade de serviço e aumentam o tempo viagem efetivo

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Caffeine supplementation (6mg/kg) improves total time to exhaustion in a fixed speed protocol, without physiological alterations in runners

Caffeine supplementation (6mg/kg) improves total time to exhaustion in a fixed speed protocol, without physiological alterations in runnersObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeine on total time to exhaustion and other metabolic parameters. Materials and methods: A double-blind, placebo controlled and randomized experimental design was used in this investigation. In two different sessions, 5 male (25 ± 5 years old) ingested 6mg of caffeine/kg in capsules or placebo in a double blinded manner. The subjects were submitted to an incremental test until to exhaustion on a fixed speed of 10% above lactate threshold, variables were collected every 3 minutes until exhaustion. Individual total time, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion and lactate were measured. Results: Our results show increased exhaustion time for caffeine supplementation than placebo (13.2 ± 2.68 min. caffeine vs 9 ± 3 min. placebo, p<0.01), with no other significant changes for lactate, heart rate or perceived exertion.  Conclusion: We concluded that a 6mg/kg caffeine dose is adequate to improve total time to exhaustion without changing other important physiologic parameters of runners.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da cafeína sobre o tempo total até a exaustão e outros parâmetros metabólicos. Materiais e Métodos: O desenho experimental da pesquisa foi realizado no modelo duplo-cego, controlado com placebo e randomizado. Em duas diferentes sessões, 5 indivíduos do sexo masculino (25 ± 5 anos) ingeriram 6mg/kg de cafeína em cápsulas ou a mesma quantidade do placebo no modo duplo-cego. Os participantes foram submetidos a um teste incremental até a exaustão em uma velocidade fixa de 10% acima do limiar de lactato, e as variáveis foram coletadas a cada 3 minutos até a exaustão. Foram avaliadas a variável percepção subjetiva de esforço, tempo total individual, frequência cardíaca e lactato. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram um aumento no tempo até a exaustão com a administração da suplementação de cafeína em comparação com o placebo (13.2 ± 2.68 min. cafeína contra 9 ± 3 min. placebo, p<0.01) e não apresentou resultados significativos para o lactato, a frequência cardíaca e a percepção subjetiva de esforço. Conclusão: Concluímos que uma dose de cafeína de 6mg/kg é suficiente para melhorar o tempo total até a exaustão, sem modificar outros parâmetros fisiológicos importantes para os corredores.

Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cryopreservation and Thawing Decrease α4-Integrin Expression

Aim. The effects of cryopreservation on adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells are not clearly documented, as there is a growing body of evidence about the importance of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative therapies. The aim of this study was to analyze human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells phenotypic expression (CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD49d), colony forming unit ability, viability, and differentiation potential before and after cryopreservation. Materials and Methods. 12 samples of the adipose tissue were collected from a healthy donor using the liposuction technique. The cell isolation was performed by enzymatic digestion and then the cells were cultured up to passage 2. Before and after cryopreservation the immunophenotype, cellular viability analysis by flow cytometer, colony forming units ability, differentiation potential into adipocytes and osteoblasts as demonstrated by Oil Red O and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Results. The immunophenotypic markers expression was largely preserved, and their multipotency was maintained. However, after cryopreservation, the cells decreased α4-integrin expression (CD49d), cell viability, and number of colony forming units. Conclusions. These findings suggest that ADMSC transplanted after cryopreservation might compromise the retention of transplanted cells in the host tissue. Therefore, further studies are warranted to standardize protocols related to cryopreservation to attain full benefits of stem cell therapy

O Instituto de Antropologia Social (EUA, Brasil e México): um artefato da resposta antropológica ao "esforço de guerra" The Institute of Social Anthropology (USA, Brazil and Mexico): an anthropological contribuition to the "war effort"

O presente trabalho trata do estabelecimento de escritórios do Instituto de Antropologia Social da Smithsonian Institution (SI) no México e no Brasil. A presença da SI dependia de acordos diplomáticos que requeriam aceitação pelos países hospedeiros. O trabalho focaliza documentos, tais como entrevistas e registros institucionais, analisados segundo a relação entre discursos e práticas envolvidos na resposta antropológica ao esforço de guerra. Tal análise pressupõe um entendimento de conceitos empregados na época como "antropologia aplicada", "estudos de área", "estudos de comunidade" e definições usadas especificamente por antropólogos da SI, como "bem limitado" e "choque cultural". O método comparativo mostra-se relevante para entender o que se passava nos dois países. No México, negociações políticas e outros fatores retardaram a criação do Instituto. No Brasil, o processo envolveu disputas interinstitucionais. O exame dessas interações leva à análise da maneira hierárquica como o Instituto era apresentado.<br>This paper examines the establishment of offices of the Smithsonian Institute of Social Anthropology (ISA) in Mexico and Brazil. The Smithsonian's presence depended on diplomatic agreements that required acceptance from the host countries. The article analyzes written documents such as interviews and institutional records to explore the relationship between the discourses and practices involved in the anthropological contribution to the US war effort. This analysis presumes a basic understanding of concepts used at the time, such as 'applied anthropology,' 'area studies' and 'community studies,' as well as definitions specifically used by the Smithsonian's anthropologists, such as 'limited good' and 'culture shock.' The comparative method is relevant to understanding what happened in the two countries. In Mexico, political negotiations and other factors delayed its implantation. In Brazil the process involved inter-institutional disputes. A closer look at these interactions leads to an analysis of the hierarchic interrelationships involved in the creation of the Institute

Ambulatory and hospitalized patients with suspected and confirmed mpox: an observational cohort study from BrazilResearch in context

Summary: Background: By October 30, 2022, 76,871 cases of mpox were reported worldwide, with 20,614 cases in Latin America. This study reports characteristics of a case series of suspected and confirmed mpox cases at a referral infectious diseases center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, observational cohort study that enrolled all patients with suspected mpox between June 12 and August 19, 2022. Mpox was confirmed by a PCR test. We compared characteristics of confirmed and non-confirmed cases, and among confirmed cases according to HIV status using distribution tests. Kernel estimation was used for exploratory spatial analysis. Findings: Of 342 individuals with suspected mpox, 208 (60.8%) were confirmed cases. Compared to non-confirmed cases, confirmed cases were more frequent among individuals aged 30–39 years, cisgender men (96.2% vs. 66.4%; p < 0.0001), reporting recent sexual intercourse (95.0% vs. 69.4%; p < 0.0001) and using PrEP (31.6% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.0001). HIV (53.2% vs. 20.2%; p < 0.0001), HCV (9.8% vs. 1.1%; p = 0.0046), syphilis (21.2% vs. 16.3%; p = 0.43) and other STIs (33.0% vs. 21.6%; p = 0.042) were more frequent among confirmed mpox cases. Confirmed cases presented more genital (77.3% vs. 39.8%; p < 0.0001) and anal lesions (33.1% vs. 11.5%; p < 0.0001), proctitis (37.1% vs. 13.3%; p < 0.0001) and systemic signs and symptoms (83.2% vs. 64.5%; p = 0.0003) than non-confirmed cases. Compared to confirmed mpox HIV-negative, HIV-positive individuals were older, had more HCV coinfection (15.2% vs. 3.7%; p = 0.011), anal lesions (45.7% vs. 20.5%; p < 0.001) and clinical features of proctitis (45.2% vs. 29.3%; p = 0.058). Interpretation: Mpox transmission in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, rapidly evolved into a local epidemic, with sexual contact playing a crucial role in its dynamics and high rates of coinfections with other STI. Preventive measures must address stigma and social vulnerabilities. Funding: Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INI-Fiocruz)

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiv

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiv