33 research outputs found
Biología de la tercera edad y perfil epidemiológico de los habitantes del barrio “La Loma” de La Plata
El desgaste fisiológico con el deterioro biológico por lo general se inicia a nivel cardiovascular, en las zonas de las células endoteliales de los vasos sanguíneos, con desprendimiento de trombos, movilidad de los émbolos y obturación de las arterias , con sus consecuencias de: embolias, necrosis e infartos. También hay cambios a nivel digestivos, nervioso, hormonal y sobre todo en la cavidad bucal de los gerontes. El envejecimiento poblacional, según la O.M.S., es un fenómeno mundial. Las personas de más de 60 años, han experimentado un aumento exponencial del orden del 7% , efecto en el que conjugan una serie de factores que favorecen este aumento en la expectativa de vida de la población en general. Para este trabajo se seleccionaron personas de más de 60 años que constituyen el 20 % del total en el barrio de “La Loma” (ciudad de La Plata), y cuyo rango de edades es de 60 a 84 años.Facultad de Odontologí
Biología de la tercera edad y perfil epidemiológico de los habitantes del barrio “La Loma” de La Plata
El desgaste fisiológico con el deterioro biológico por lo general se inicia a nivel cardiovascular, en las zonas de las células endoteliales de los vasos sanguíneos, con desprendimiento de trombos, movilidad de los émbolos y obturación de las arterias , con sus consecuencias de: embolias, necrosis e infartos. También hay cambios a nivel digestivos, nervioso, hormonal y sobre todo en la cavidad bucal de los gerontes. El envejecimiento poblacional, según la O.M.S., es un fenómeno mundial. Las personas de más de 60 años, han experimentado un aumento exponencial del orden del 7% , efecto en el que conjugan una serie de factores que favorecen este aumento en la expectativa de vida de la población en general. Para este trabajo se seleccionaron personas de más de 60 años que constituyen el 20 % del total en el barrio de “La Loma” (ciudad de La Plata), y cuyo rango de edades es de 60 a 84 años.Facultad de Odontologí
Biología de la tercera edad y perfil epidemiológico de los habitantes del barrio “La Loma” de La Plata
El desgaste fisiológico con el deterioro biológico por lo general se inicia a nivel cardiovascular, en las zonas de las células endoteliales de los vasos sanguíneos, con desprendimiento de trombos, movilidad de los émbolos y obturación de las arterias , con sus consecuencias de: embolias, necrosis e infartos. También hay cambios a nivel digestivos, nervioso, hormonal y sobre todo en la cavidad bucal de los gerontes. El envejecimiento poblacional, según la O.M.S., es un fenómeno mundial. Las personas de más de 60 años, han experimentado un aumento exponencial del orden del 7% , efecto en el que conjugan una serie de factores que favorecen este aumento en la expectativa de vida de la población en general. Para este trabajo se seleccionaron personas de más de 60 años que constituyen el 20 % del total en el barrio de “La Loma” (ciudad de La Plata), y cuyo rango de edades es de 60 a 84 años.Facultad de Odontologí
Searches After Gravitational-waves Using ARizona Observatories (SAGUARO): System Overview and First Results from Advanced LIGO/Virgo's Third Observing Run
We present Searches After Gravitational-waves Using ARizona Observatories
(SAGUARO), a comprehensive effort dedicated to the discovery and
characterization of optical counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) events.
SAGUARO utilizes ground-based facilities ranging from 1.5m to 10m in diameter,
located primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. We provide an overview of
SAGUARO's telescopic resources, pipeline for transient detection, and database
for candidate visualization. We describe SAGUARO's discovery component, which
utilizes the ~deg field-of-view optical imager on the Mt. Lemmon 1.5m
telescope, reaching limits of ~AB mag while rapidly tiling large
areas. We also describe the follow-up component of SAGUARO, used for rapid
vetting and monitoring of optical candidates. With the onset of Advanced
LIGO/Virgo's third observing run, we present results from the first three
SAGUARO searches following the GW events S190408an, S190425z and S190426c,
which serve as a valuable proof-of-concept of SAGUARO. We triggered and
searched 15, 60 and 60 deg respectively, 17.6, 1.4 and 41.8 hrs after the
initial GW alerts. We covered 7.8, 3.0 and 5.1\% of the total probability
within the GW event localizations, reaching 3 limits of 19.8, 21.3 and
20.8 AB mag, respectively. Although no viable counterparts associated with
these events were found, we recovered 6 known transients and ruled out 5
potential candidates. We also present Large Binocular Telescope spectroscopy of
PS19eq/SN2019ebq, a promising kilonova candidate that was later determined to
be a supernova. With the ability to tile large areas and conduct detailed
follow-up, SAGUARO represents a significant addition to GW counterpart
searches.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Accepted to ApJ
Biolegitimacy, rights and social policies: New biopolitical regimes in mental healthcare in Brazil
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead
Plasma Neurofilament Light for Prediction of Disease Progression in Familial Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Objective: We tested the hypothesis that plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) identifies asymptomatic carriers of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-causing mutations at risk of disease progression.
Methods: Baseline plasma NfL concentrations were measured with single-molecule array in original (n = 277) and validation (n = 297) cohorts. C9orf72, GRN, and MAPT mutation carriers and noncarriers from the same families were classified by disease severity (asymptomatic, prodromal, and full phenotype) using the CDR Dementia Staging Instrument plus behavior and language domains from the National Alzheimer's Disease Coordinating Center FTLD module (CDR+NACC-FTLD). Linear mixed-effect models related NfL to clinical variables.
Results: In both cohorts, baseline NfL was higher in asymptomatic mutation carriers who showed phenoconversion or disease progression compared to nonprogressors (original: 11.4 ± 7 pg/mL vs 6.7 ± 5 pg/mL, p = 0.002; validation: 14.1 ± 12 pg/mL vs 8.7 ± 6 pg/mL, p = 0.035). Plasma NfL discriminated symptomatic from asymptomatic mutation carriers or those with prodromal disease (original cutoff: 13.6 pg/mL, 87.5% sensitivity, 82.7% specificity; validation cutoff: 19.8 pg/mL, 87.4% sensitivity, 84.3% specificity). Higher baseline NfL correlated with worse longitudinal CDR+NACC-FTLD sum of boxes scores, neuropsychological function, and atrophy, regardless of genotype or disease severity, including asymptomatic mutation carriers.
Conclusions: Plasma NfL identifies asymptomatic carriers of FTLD-causing mutations at short-term risk of disease progression and is a potential tool to select participants for prevention clinical trials.
Trial registration information: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02372773 and NCT02365922.
Classification of evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that in carriers of FTLD-causing mutations, elevation of plasma NfL predicts short-term risk of clinical progression
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
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BMPs direct sensory interneuron identity in the developing spinal cord using signal-specific not morphogenic activities.
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) family reiteratively signals to direct disparate cellular fates throughout embryogenesis. In the developing dorsal spinal cord, multiple BMPs are required to specify sensory interneurons (INs). Previous studies suggested that the BMPs act as concentration-dependent morphogens to direct IN identity, analogous to the manner in which sonic hedgehog patterns the ventral spinal cord. However, it remains unresolved how multiple BMPs would cooperate to establish a unified morphogen gradient. Our studies support an alternative model: BMPs have signal-specific activities directing particular IN fates. Using chicken and mouse models, we show that the identity, not concentration, of the BMP ligand directs distinct dorsal identities. Individual BMPs promote progenitor patterning or neuronal differentiation by their activation of different type I BMP receptors and distinct modulations of the cell cycle. Together, this study shows that a 'mix and match' code of BMP signaling results in distinct classes of sensory INs