The Exact Potential Driving the Electron Dynamics in Enhanced Ionization

It was recently shown that the exact factorization of the electron-nuclear wavefunction allows the construction of a Schr\"odinger equation for the electronic system, in which the potential contains exactly the effect of coupling to the nuclear degrees of freedom and any external fields. Here we study the exact potential acting on the electron in charge-resonance enhanced ionization in a model one-dimensional H$_2^+$ molecule. We show there can be significant differences between the exact potential and that used in the traditional quasistatic analyses, arising from non-adiabatic coupling to the nuclear system, and that these are crucial to include for accurate simulations of time-resolved ionization dynamics and predictions of the ionization yield

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Tobacco Smoking in Women Aged 15-54 in Iran: A multilevel model

Significant evidence suggests an inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and tobacco smoking, where inequality is visible among different social and economic strata. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and economic and social inequalities in tobacco smoking in women aged 15-54 in Iran. This study is a cross-sectional study. Sampling in this study was a randomized clustered multistage sampling with equal clusters. A total of 35,305 women aged 15-55 enrolled in the study. Data analysis was in two stages. In the first stage, the social and economic inequalities were investigated using the concentration index and concentration curve method, and in the second method, and multilevel method was used to identify the determinants. The prevalence of tobacco smoking in women was 12.24%. The concentration index for smoking was CI = -0.07 [95% CI (-0.09, -0.05)], which represents smoking in people with low socioeconomic status. The results of the multilevel analysis indicated that the marital status of people over the age of 35 and the economic class was related to smoking in women. Inequality in tobacco smoking in women is to the interest of the well-off group, and this inequality varies in different provinces. Marital status, place of residence, age and socioeconomic status of women are factors influencing the prevalence of tobacco smoking in women, and these issues should be noticed to reduce inequalities

Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction in Shahroud Hospitals in 2018

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of important indicators of quality of service measurement. This study aimed at measuring patient satisfaction and factors which influence it in hospitals in Shahroud.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 patients selected through random sampling were studied in public and private hospitals in 2018. The collected data were entered into SPSS 16 and analyzed using t-test and chi-square. The level of significance in all tests is 0.05.Results: Most of the inpatients were women and married people. The average score of satisfaction in the public hospitals affiliated to the University was 22.45 ± 6.02 and in the private sector, it was 21.56 ± 5, which is deemed moderate. Patients were the most dissatisfied with the daily change of patient dresses and bed covers (38.3%), hospital food quality (35.3%), room facilities (31.1%), and were the most satisfied with nursing behaviors (87.7%). Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hospital (P = 0.002), patients’ age (P = 0.037), education (P = 0.013), and residence (P = 0.012) with their satisfaction.Conclusion: Patients' satisfaction was moderate. Paying more attention to the domains such as daily change of clothes and bed covers, the quality of hospital food, and facilities of the patient's room can play a role in improving the satisfaction of patients

Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction in Shahroud Hospitals in 2018

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of important indicators of quality of service measurement. This study aimed at measuring patient satisfaction and factors which influence it in hospitals in Shahroud.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 patients selected through random sampling were studied in public and private hospitals in 2018. The collected data were entered into SPSS 16 and analyzed using t-test and chi-square. The level of significance in all tests is 0.05.Results: Most of the inpatients were women and married people. The average score of satisfaction in the public hospitals affiliated to the University was 22.45 ± 6.02 and in the private sector, it was 21.56 ± 5, which is deemed moderate. Patients were the most dissatisfied with the daily change of patient dresses and bed covers (38.3%), hospital food quality (35.3%), room facilities (31.1%), and were the most satisfied with nursing behaviors (87.7%). Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hospital (P = 0.002), patients’ age (P = 0.037), education (P = 0.013), and residence (P = 0.012) with their satisfaction.Conclusion: Patients' satisfaction was moderate. Paying more attention to the domains such as daily change of clothes and bed covers, the quality of hospital food, and facilities of the patient's room can play a role in improving the satisfaction of patients

Electronic non-adiabatic dynamics in enhanced ionization of isotopologues of hydrogen molecular ions from the exact factorization perspective

It was recently shown that the exact potential driving the electron's dynamics in enhanced ionization of H-2(+) can have large contributions arising from dynamic electron-nuclear correlation, going beyond what any Coulombic-based model can provide. This potential is defined via the exact factorization of the molecular wavefunction that allows the construction of a Schro "dinger equation for the electronic system, in which the potential contains exactly the effect of coupling to the nuclear system and any external fields. Here we study enhanced ionization in isotopologues of H-2(+) in order to investigate the nuclear-mass-dependence of these terms for this process. We decompose the exact potential into components that naturally arise from the conditional wavefunction, and also into components arising from the marginal electronic wavefunction, and compare the performance of propagation on these different components as well as approximate potentials based on the quasi-static or Hartree approximation with the exact propagation. A quasiclassical analysis is presented to help analyse the structure of different non-Coulombic components of the potential driving the ionizing electron.We acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC-2015-AdG-694097), Grupos Consolidados (IT578-13), and the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement no. 676580. A. K. and A. A. acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie SklodowskaCurie grant agreement no. 704218 and 702406, respectively. N. T. M. thanks the National Science Foundation, grant CHE1566197, for support. Open Access funding provided by the Max Planck Society

Cytochrome P450 2C19 Polymorphism in Iranian Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> The polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) gene are major prognostic factors for the response to clopidogrel therapy in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD). The CYP2C19*2 is the most important allele responsible for resistance to clopidogrel therapy. This study examined CYP2C19 gene polymorphism (CYP2C19*1 and *2) in Iranian patients.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This cross-sectional study was performed on 43 Iranian patients with CAD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and received drug-eluted stents (DES). CYP2C19 polymorphisms were assessed using real time PCR and frequency of CYP2C19*1 and CYP2C19*2 were determined, and then homo- or heterozygous state of genes was detected by Melt Curve Analysis method.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Forty three patients (mean age = 58.8 &plusmn; 10.0 years, 79.1% male) participated in this study. CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*1 genotype was observed in 31 (72.1%) of participates, CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*2 genotype in 10 (23.3%), and CYP2C19*2/CYP2C19*2 genotype in 2 patients (4.7%). The frequency of CYP2C19*2 allele in the sample was 27.9%.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This study demonstrated a high prevalence of CYP2C19*2 gene polymorphism in Iranian patients. Further studies with larger samples or longitudinal are required to determine the effects of this polymorphism on the prognosis of CAD patients in our population.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> CYP2C19, Polymorphism, Clopidogrel, Coronary Artery Disease, Iran.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p

Comparison of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and Digit Test among Typically Achieving and Gifted Students

How to Cite This Article: Khosravi Fard E, Keelor JL, Akbarzadeh Bagheban AR, Keith RW. Comparison of the RAVLT and Digit Test with Typically Achieving and Gifted Students. Iran J Child Neurol. Spring 2016; 10(2):26-37.AbstractObjectiveIn this study, different kinds of memory were evaluated using Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (RAVLT) test and were compared between two groups of typical and gifted students using Digit Span test. Finally, we determined if working memory interfered with scores in different Rey stages or not.Material &amp; MethodsThis study was conducted in Tehran City, Iran in 2013. Scores on RAVLT were compared with WISC- R digit span results in a sample of 148 male students aged 12-14 yr old divided into two groups including 75 students in typical school (IQ ranging between 90 and 110) and 73 gifted students (IQs ranging between 110 and 130).ResultsGifted students obtained higher scores than typical students in both Forward Digit Span (FDS) and Backward Digit Span (BDS) and all 9 stages of RAVLT comparing with typical students (P&lt;0.001). There was no significant difference between different ages (P&gt; 0.05). The 14 yr old students in both groups had the highest score. There was a high correlation between FDS and the first stage of RAVLT as well as high correlation between BDS and seventh stage of RAVLT.ConclusionIntelligence has effect on better score of memory and gifted subjects had better scores in memory tests, although the intelligence effect in learning was quantitative rather than qualitative. 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An improved method for fabrication of Ag-GO nanocomposite with controlled anti-cancer and anti-bacterial behavior; a comparative study

In this study, two green procedures for Silver-Graphene Oxide (Ag-GO) nanocomposite synthesis were investigated. As a common method, AgNO3 was first loaded on the GO surface and then was reduced and stabilized by walnut green husk extract, producing Ag-GO-I. As an innovative approach, GO was first exposed to the extract and then the AgNO3 was added as the second step, producing Ag-GO-Pi. Physicochemical properties, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity of both nanocomposites were subsequently studied comparing with free silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and pure GO. Based on the results, exposure of GO to the extract, as a reducing agent, at the first/last step of the synthesis process resulted in the fundamental differences in the final products. So that, high amounts of agglomerated silver nanoparticles were formed between the GO sheets, when using the common method, whereas in Ag-GO-Pi, small AgNPs were formed on the GO sheets without aggregation, entirely covering the sheets. Antibacterial and cytotoxic behavior of these nanomaterials could be compared as AgNPs > AgGO-Pi > Ag-GO-I. It is assumed that these differences are due to control of unwanted nucleation in the synthesis process that Ag nanoparticles are smaller with less agglomeration when the GO surfaces are pre-treated with reducing agent

Characteristics of a good teacher in terms of students of health school in shahrekord university of medical sciences

Introduction: Although different characteristics of a good teacher have been presented by numerous Studies, efforts continue to determine common characteristic. In this study characteristics of a good Teacher regarding Viewpoints of students are evaluated. Method: In this descriptive, analytical and cross-Sectional study 140 health faculty students were selected through census sampling. Data gathering tool consists of a questionnaire with 24 options. Validity and reliability was confirmed by content validity and alpha kronbakh (0.87) respectively. Data was analysed by using Statistical t-Test, chi square, ANOVA, Kroskal valise and analysed variance (P<0.05) through SPSS software. Results: Findings show that, (%39) of participants were male , (%69). 1 Female, (%42.4) associates degree and (%57.6) Bachelors degree. Based on students View points, teachers proficiency with (%96.4) and general knowledge about specified lesson (%94.3) identified as the most important characteristics of a good teacher. The lowest importance belongs to hard-teacher (%61.9). There was significant difference between student's age and their viewpoints about presenting attractive materials, speaking eloquently, friendly relationship between teacher and students and Suitable eyecontact. Conclusion: different studies based on student's viewpoints identified some criteria for a good teacher in different domains, so attracting teacher's attention to these domains, Leads to attracting students trust, improving of educational function and effective teaching. Also, based on current research result and emphasizing on teachers proficiency in teaching specified material as the most important criteria for a good teacher, teachers should consider these characteristics in educational activities and try to motivate students and promote knowledge efficac

Perfectionism and writing anxiety as predictors of Iranian EFL learners’ performance in IELTS writing module: a multi-dimensional perspective

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Iranian EFL Learners’ perfectionism and writing anxiety and their performance in the IELTS Writing Module. To this end, sixty-eight Iranian EFL learners were selected via convenience sampling. Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale developed and validated by Hewitt and Flett (1991) and Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory devised by Cheng (2004) were administered to the participants. The participants were then asked to write on an assigned topic from IELTS Writing Task 2. The findings of the study indicated that of the three dimensions of perfectionism (i.e., self-oriented, other-oriented and socially prescribed), none were associated with the learners’ writing performance, while a significant negative relationship was found between the learners’ writing anxiety consisting of somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety, and avoidance behavior and their writing performance. The results of multiple regression analysis suggested that somatic anxiety, and avoidance behavior were significant predictors of writing performance. The implications highlight the strategies that should be deployed by educational policy-makers, practitioners, and examiners to alleviate anxiety in L2 classrooms, promoting a safe and stress-free educational environment