Poliartritis y neumonía por Mycoplasma bovis en novillos en pastoreo: brote en la provincia de Buenos Aires

Mycoplasma bovis-polyarthritis and pneumonia in grazing beef steers: outbreak in Buenos Aires province Poliartritis y neumonía por Mycoplasma bovis en novillos en pastoreo: brote en la provincia de Buenos Aires Mycoplasma spp. infection causes different clinical diseases in livestock. In cattle, infection with Mycoplasma bovis usually is clinically manifested with arthritis, mastitis, pneumonia and/or otitis. This paper describes an outbreak of polyarthritis and pneumonia caused by M. bovis in grazing steers in Buenos Aires province, scarcely reported in the region. Clinical and pathological findings were recorded. Three 1-year-old steers were euthanized and post mortem examined. Tissue samples were collected for histopathology and bacteriological analysis. Different degrees of lameness were observed in 4.6% of the herd of 1000 steers. Mild respiratory signs were observed in half of the lame animals. Macroscopically, polyarthritis was present in different joints of the hind and front limbs, characterized by the presence of severe caseous tenosynovitis. In addition, multiple foci of different extension with caseous content were observed in the pulmonary parenchyma. Mycoplasma spp. was isolated and M. bovis DNA was amplified from articular content and lungs of all three animals. This clinical presentation has not been frequently reported in the region, particularly in grazing beef cattle.Las infecciones por Mycoplasma spp. causan diferentes cuadros clínicos en el ganado. En bovinos, la infección con Mycoplasma bovis usualmente provoca artritis, mastitis, neumonía y/u otitis. Existe escasa información sobre cuadros clínicos asociados a infecciones con Mycoplasma spp. en novillos en pastoreo en Argentina. Este trabajo describe un brote de poliartritis y neumonía causada por M. bovis en novillos en pastoreo en la provincia de Buenos Aires, escasamente reportada en la región. Se registraron los signos clínicos y hallazgos patológicos. Se realizaron necropsias a tres novillos de un año de edad. Se recolectaron tejidos para realizar estudios histopatológicos y bacteriológicos. Se registraron diferentes grados de claudicación en el 4,6% de los animales de un rodeo de 1000 novillos. Se observaron signos respiratorios leves en la mitad de los novillos que manifestaron claudicación. Macroscópicamente, se observó poliartritis en las articulaciones de los miembros delanteros y/o traseros, caracterizada por la presencia de tenosinovitis caseosa severa. Además se observaron múltiples focos de contenido caseoso en el parénquima pulmonar. Se aisló Mycoplasma spp. y se amplificó ADN de Mycoplasma bovis de todas las muestras de contenido articular y pulmón de los tres animales. Esta presentación clínica no ha sido frecuentemente reportada en la región, particularmente en bovinos de carne en pastoreo.EEA BalcarceFil: Acuña, Yamila. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Morrell, Eleonora Lidia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Fiorentino, María Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Scioli, Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Sticotti, Erika. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina.Fil: Tamiozzo, Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina.Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Lesiones patológicas inusuales en una vaquillona afectada por Trueperella pyogenes

Four Hereford heifers of approximately 18 months of age presented nodular formations in the uterus detected by transrectal palpation. This pathology had been previously diagnosed in the herd, which led to the early discarding of 1-2% of heifers per year. Post mortem examination in a severely affected heifer revealed multiple abscesses in the pelvic and abdominal cavity associated with the uterus, serosa of the forelimbs, and liver. Microscopically, the abscesses were characterized by a necrotic center with viable and degenerated neutrophils and necrotic debris, surrounded by a well-defined wall of connective tissue. In addition, multifocal neutrophilic ruminitis associated with acidosis was observed. Intralesional gram-positive bacilli were detected in the abscesses. Trueperella pyogenes was isolated from the purulent content. It is assumed that rumen acidosis was the origin of the dissemination and abscess formation of T. pyogenes in various tissues, including the uterus.Cuatro vaquillonas Hereford de aproximadamente 18 meses de edad presentaron formaciones nodulares en el útero detectadas por palpación transrectal. Esta patología había sido previamente diagnosticada en el rodeo, lo que llevó al descarte temprano de 1-2% de vaquillonas por año. El examen post mortem en una vaquillona gravemente afectada reveló múltiples abscesos en la cavidad pélvica y abdominal asociados al útero, serosa de los preestómagos y el hígado. Microscópicamente, los abscesos se caracterizaron por un centro necrótico con neutrófilos viables y degenerados y restos necróticos, rodeados por una pared bien definida de tejido conectivo. Además, se observó ruminitis neutrofílica multifocal asociada a acidosis. Se detectaron bacilos grampositivos intralesionales en los abscesos. Del contenido purulento se aisló Trueperella pyogenes. Se asume que la acidosis ruminal fue el origen de la diseminación y formación de abscesos de T. pyogenes en varios tejidos, incluido el útero

Hunting dogs as sentinel animals for monitoring infections with Trichinella spp. in wildlife

Nematode parasites of the genus Trichinella are important foodborne pathogens transmitted by ingestion of striated muscles harbouring infective larvae. Wild carnivorous and omnivorous animals are the most important reservoirs of these parasites. Hunting activities play an important role in Trichinella spp

Dialogo tra Didattica della Matematica e Didattica Generale: problemi e sinergie

The didactic action is an holistic process in which general didactic (GD) and disciplinary didactic (DD) interact. But, how are they related? Two different modes occurred in the past: distinguishing between knowledge and education or removing one of the poles. This work attempts to overcome these two opposite solutions. The two discipline, GD and DD, impact on the same didactic action and each of them acts on the same aspects, although with different perspective. This synergy allows a plural analysis otherwise flawed. In order to gather problems and synergies of a plural analysis, this work analyses a research project, concerning a math teaching sequence for Primary School pupils, which involved researchers of the two disciplinary areas (GD and DD).L’azione didattica è un processo olistico in cui interagiscono la didattica generale (DG) e le didattiche disciplinari (DD). Ma come si relazionano? Nel passato sono emersi due modelli: separando l’intervento tra saperi ed educazioni o eliminando uno dei due poli.Il lavoro che presentiamo cerca di superare i due opposti modelli. Le due discipline, DG e DD, impattano sulla stessa azione didattica e ciascuna interviene su tutti gli aspetti, ma con prospettive differenti. Tale sinergia permette un’analisi plurale che altrimenti sarebbe zoppa. Per cogliere i problemi e le sinergie di un’analisi plurale, il contributo analizza la ricerca relativa a un percorso di didattica della matematica per la Scuola Primaria al cui sviluppo hanno partecipato ricercatori dei due settori disciplinari

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii as causes of reproductive losses in commercial sheep flocks from Argentina

The aim of this study is to provide preliminary data about the occurrence of N. caninum- and T. gondii-related abortions and perinatal deaths in sheep from Argentina. Thirty ovine aborted foetuses and 33 perinatal deaths were submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Service at INTA EEA Balcarce (Argentina) during 2017–2019. A complete necropsy was performed on all specimens submitted, and foetal and placental tissues were examined. Foetal cavity fluids were collected for assessment of antibodies to N. caninum and T. gondii by indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). Placental and foetal tissue samples were collected for DNA extraction and histopathological analysis. The differential diagnosis with other causes of abortion was carried out. Of the sampled specimens, 20.63% (13/63) displayed evidence for N. caninum infection by IFAT and PCR, and in 61.5% (8/13) of the positive specimens the parasite was confirmed as the cause of abortion/perinatal death based on the presence of compatible histological lesions and/or positive immunohistochemistry test, positive PCR and/or positive IFAT, and no other infectious agents diagnosed. In contrast, T. gondii infection was confirmed in 9.52% (6/63) of the analysed specimens, but only in 2 lambs T. gondii was determined as the death cause. Neospora caninum and T. gondii co-infections were confirmed in 4 analysed specimens (2 aborted foetuses and 2 perinatal deaths). These results demonstrated that N. caninum is efficiently transmitted and a frequent cause of ovine reproductive failure in the commercial analysed flocks compared with T. gondii. Despite T. gondii congenital infection was detected in some specimens (6/63), it was confirmed as the cause of death in only two of them. Thus, and considering the limited availability of confirmed samples, we could not determine whether toxoplasmosis is a major problem in Argentinian sheep flocks or not. More studies on a greater number of specimens from different ovine production systems under different management conditions are necessary to assess the real impact of neosporosis and toxoplasmosis in Argentina.EEA MercedesFil: Della Rosa, Paola. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes; ArgentinaFil: Fiorentino, María Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Laboratorio de Bacteriología; ArgentinaFil: Morell, Eleonora Lidia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Laboratorio de Patología; Argentina.Fil: Scioli, María Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Paoliochi, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Laboratorio de Bacteriología; ArgentinaFil: Moore, Dadín. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. IPADS Balcarce. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Cantón, Germán Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Hercker, Yanina. IPADS Balcarce. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii as causes of reproductive losses in commercial sheep flocks from Argentina

The aim of this study is to provide preliminary data about the occurrence of Neospora caninum- and Toxoplasma gondii-related abortions and perinatal deaths in sheep from Argentina. Thirty ovine aborted foetuses and 33 perinatal deaths were submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Service at INTA EEA Balcarce (Argentina) during 2017–2019. A complete necropsy was performed on all specimens submitted, and foetal and placental tissues were examined. Foetal cavity fluids were collected for assessment of antibodies to N. caninum and T. gondii by indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). Placental and foetal tissue samples were collected for DNA extraction and histopathological analysis. The differential diagnosis with other causes of abortion was carried out. Of the sampled specimens, 20.63% (13/63) displayed evidence for N. caninum infection by IFAT and PCR, and in 61.5% (8/13) of the positive specimens the parasite was confirmed as the cause of abortion/perinatal death based on the presence of compatible histological lesions and/or positive immunohistochemistry test, positive PCR and/or positive IFAT, and no other infectious agents diagnosed. In contrast, T. gondii infection was confirmed in 9.52% (6/63) of the analysed specimens, but only in 2 lambs T. gondii was determined as the death cause. Neospora caninum and T. gondii co-infections were confirmed in 4 analysed specimens (2 aborted foetuses and 2 perinatal deaths). These results demonstrated that N. caninum is efficiently transmitted and a frequent cause of ovine reproductive failure in the commercial analysed flocks compared with T. gondii. Despite T. gondii congenital infection was detected in some specimens (6/63), it was confirmed as the cause of death in only two of them. Thus, and considering the limited availability of confirmed samples, we could not determine whether toxoplasmosis is a major problem in Argentinian sheep flocks or not. More studies on a greater number of specimens from different ovine production systems under different management conditions are necessary to assess the real impact of neosporosis and toxoplasmosis in Argentina.Fil: Della Rosa, Paola. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Fiorentino, Maria Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Morrell, Eleonora Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Scioli, María V.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Paolicchi, Fernando Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Moore, Dadin Prando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Canton, German. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Hecker, Yanina Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentin

Canine leishmaniosis in the Italian northeastern Alps: A survey to assess serological prevalence in dogs and distribution of phlebotomine sand flies in the Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol, Italy

Abstract The Autonomous Province of Bolzano-South Tyrol (APB), located in the northernmost territory of the Italian eastern Alps, is still considered non-endemic for canine leishmaniosis (CanL) despite clinical cases being observed and a competent Leishmania infantum vector (Phlebotomus perniciosus) having been recorded since 2008. A serological survey of leishmaniosis among a randomly-selected subpopulation of registered owned dogs was carried in 2018, followed by entomological investigations performed in 2019 and driven by canine survey results. A total of 457 resident dogs from all over the APB territory were examined through IFAT for antibodies against L.infantum, of which 63 (13.8%) tested positive. Thirty-five seropositive cases (7.7%) were considered autochthonous to APB, i.e. dogs born and lived in the province, or imported dogs with no travel history in the past 5 years. Most of these animals showed an antibody titre at the threshold level of 1:40, suggesting a low degree of parasite transmission/contacts. In 2 autochthonous cases with moderately high IFAT titre, the infection was confirmed by nested-PCR in peripheral blood. Thirty-one georeferenced sites were monitored for sand flies by means of interception (sticky papers) and attraction (CDC miniature light traps) collection devices. Traps were set during summer approximately on monthly basis, and extended up to October for positive sites. Only 2 sites were found positive for a total of 317 phlebotomine specimens collected by sticky traps, which included a previously known P. perniciosus-endemic site near Bolzano town. Sergentomyia minuta was by far the most prevalent (98.1%) and the only recorded sand fly species in the most northerly Italian site ever investigated (Coldrano municipality in Venosta valley). For the first time, Leishmania serology and n-PCR positive dogs autochthonous to APB were identified, however the spread of sand flies competent for L. infantum transmission could not be demonstrated in several places where endemic seropositive cases were recorded. APB can be considered a territory of low CanL endemicity, however awareness and continuous monitoring are needed to detect changes in the epidemiological status of the zoonosis

Constructed Technosols as a Soil Rebuilding Technique to Reclaim Abandoned Limestone Quarries in the Mediterranean Region: A Field Study

Soil rebuilding represents a major challenge in the recovery of abandoned quarries. In this study, we explored the possibility of using reconstructed Technosols, to achieve soil rebuilding goals at an abandoned quarry site. We first investigated the use of a mixture containing commercial manure and limestone debris (LD) as pedotechnomaterials for an “ad hoc” (re)constructed Technosol (CT), for the recovery of an opencast limestone quarry in one of most concentrated quarry areas in the world. In a field experiment, we tested and monitored different pedotechnosystems (PTSs) made up of constructed Technosol + pasture species + different Mediterranean plant species. Specifically, a control (CT, without any additional treatments) was compared to treatments with organic amendment (CTOA) and conventional fertilizers (CTCF). Data were collected over a 12-month period and included crop performance, plant nutritional state, soil physical-chemical parameters, and metabolites. Analysis of variance compared differences among treatments, while factor analysis (FA) interpreted multiple relationships while explaining observed variability. Results showed that CTOA had better soil physical-chemical properties, greater plant growth, and overall superior agronomic performances compared to all other treatments due to the improved substrate conditions. According to FA, these results appear related to the creation of fertile soil conditions, with most of the investigated metabolites (i) playing a pivotal role in observed outcomes, together with (ii) a clear potential in being considered as a reliable fingerprint for investigating plant responses in constructed PTSs. The proposed pedotechniques in CTOA development show a great potential for the full recovery of abandoned limestone quarries in degraded Mediterranean areas by providing an excellent medium for plant growth, facilitating environmental reclamation

Mastitis and death of a Corriedale ewe associated with <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. infection in Buenos Aires province

Mycoplasma spp. infections are associated with different clinical syndromes in ruminants: mastitis, pneumonia, arthritis, otitis, among others. Nevertheless, case reports of clinical diseases associated with Mycoplasma-infections are scarce in small ruminants of Argentina. Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma capricolum are the causal agents of contagious agalactia, an exotic disease in the region, although M. agalactiae was detected by PCR. Therefore, strict surveillance of these pathogens is needed. We report a case of severe mastitis and death of a 7-years-old Corriedale ewe in a flock from Buenos Aires province. The affected ewe had delivered twin lambs 15 days before clinical disease was detected and died. During post mortem examination, supramammary lymphadenomegaly was evident. Mammary gland was enlarged and firm, with cyanotic skin and superficial edema; multiple caseous whitish foci were observed in the mammary parenchyma. Similar caseous foci were observed in the caudal-ventral lobes of the right lung.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria