A French Fairy Tale Corpus syntactically and semantically annotated.

International audienceFairy tales, folktales and more generally children stories have lately attracted the Natural Language Processing (NLP) community. As such, very few corpora exist and linguistic resources are lacking. The work presented in this paper aims at filling this gap by presenting a syntactically and semantically annotated corpus. It focuses on the linguistic analysis of a Fairy Tales Corpus, and provides the description of the syntactic and semantic resources developed for Information Extraction. Resources include syntactic dependency relation annotation for 120 verbs; referential annotation, which is concerned with annotating each anaphoric occurrence and Proper Name with the most specific noun in the text; ontology matching for a substantial part of the nouns in the corpus; semantic role labelling for 41 verbs using the FrameNet database. The article also sums up previous analyses of this corpus and indicates possible uses of this corpus for the NLP community

Poétique de Musset, sous la direction de Sylvain ledda, Frank lestringant et Gisèle Séginger

Haïsseur de préfaces, ennemi des théories, chantre de la nonchalance et de l’impromptu, Musset passerait aisément pour un écrivain sans poétique. Face aux efforts de systématisation des pensées esthétiques de Hugo et de Lamartine, l’auteur de Namouna ferait figure, au mieux, d’extravagant, au pire, de paresseux, voire, d’anomalie romantique. Dès lors, les différents auteurs du recueil d’articles Poétique de Musset, actes du colloque de Cerisy-la-Salle en août 2010, se sont inscrits dans une d..

The Rise of the Underground: Moroccan Music festivals between Laughter, Drunkenness, and Excre-Mentality

The same act of reaching across social boundaries is discussed in Moulay Driss El Maarouf's article The Rise of the Underground where he develops what he refers to as the politics of excrementality; a way to articulate ways of resistance through dirty-mindedness. The music festival, in this case specifically Morocco but conceivably at work everywhere, with its carnivalesque mood becomes a site for vulgar and profane performances not simply from the musicians themselves but from the participants of the festival, which may then engender a community of transgression.&nbsp

Modelització del decreixement de clor en un sistema de subministrament d’aigua

La cloració és un mètode àmpliament utilitzat per a la desinfecció de l'aigua, però la concentració de clor disminueix gradualment amb el temps, afectant la seva eficàcia com a desinfectant. Aquest estudi es centra en la modelització del decreixement del clor en un sistema de subministrament d'aigua, utilitzant programari especialitzat en xarxes de distribució d’aigua. S'utilitza software especialitzat com EPANET i GISWATER per simular el flux d'aigua i la dispersió del clor. Mitjançant aquestes eines i l'ús de python, l'estudi pretén millorar la comprensió del decreixement del clor en els sistemes de subministrament d'aigua i proporcionar coneixements pràctics per optimitzar els processos de desinfecció permetent als responsables de l'aigua avaluar i controlar els nivells de clor de manera més efectiva. Els resultats d'aquest estudi contribueixen al coneixement científic i tecnològic en matèria de desinfecció de l'aigua, millorant la gestió i el manteniment dels sistemes de subministrament d’aquest recurs. Mitjançant la modelització precisa del decreixement del clor, es fa possible assegurar una distribució de l'aigua més segura i eficient, salvaguardant així la salut pública i preservant una font vital per a la vida humana.Chlorination is a widely used method for water disinfection, but the chlorine concentration gradually decreases over time, affecting its performance as a disinfectant. This study focuses on modeling chlorine decay in a water supply system, using specialized software for water distribution networks. Specialized software such as EPANET and GISWATER is used to simulate water flow and chlorine dispersion. Through the use of these tools and python, the study aims to enhance understanding of chlorine decay in water supply systems and provide practical insights to optimize disinfection processes, enabling water managers to assess and control chlorine levels more effectively. The results of this study contribute to scientific and technological knowledge in water disinfection, improving the management and maintenance of water supply systems. Through accurate modeling of chlorine decay, it becomes possible to ensure a safer and more efficient water distribution, safeguarding public health and preserving a vital resource for human life

Étude de la contamination par les métaux lourds du champ d'épandage des eaux usées de la ville de Marrakech (Maroc)

La bioconcentration du Zn, Cu et Cd a été étudiée chez Melanopsis praemorsa L. (Gastéropode prosobranche) provenant de deux sites d'une khettara située dans le champ d'épandage des eaux usées de la ville de Marrakech. Les khettaras représentent un système d'irrigation traditionnel que l'on trouve dans certaines zones arides et semi-arides de la région ouest-paléarctique. L'eau est mise à jour par drainage de la nappe phréatique. Le degré de contamination de ce gastéropode s'avère très élevé et les teneurs métalliques augmentent de l'hiver à l'été. Les causes de la variabilité des concentrations métalliques chez les gastéropodes des deux stations ont été recherchées par des expériences de transplantation, et par des dosages de métaux au niveau du sédiment, de la spirogyre et du périphyton installé sur des substrats artificiels. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les différences entre les concentrations métalliques accumulées par les Melanopsis dans les deux stations pourraient être attribuées à la spéciation du métal dans l'eau. D'autres facteurs peuvent être mis en cause et méritent d'être précisés.Molluscs are well known for their capacity to bioaccumulate heavy metals from water or sediments. This study involves an evaluation of the contamination level of the undergroud and surface waters from a specific irrigation system known as a « khetarra », located near the town of Marrakech (Morocco). Khettaras represent a traditional systern by means ofwhich the ground water is drained to the surface and then can be used as drinking water or for irrigation in some arid and semi-arid areas. The bioindicator chosen was the gasteropod Melanopsispraemorca L. Two stations (Kl and K2) were investigated in a khettara located in spreading Marrakech waste water. The contamination of soils and water by heavy metals, eipecially Zn, Cu and Cd was first described by EL MEZD1 (1985) and SEDKI(1990).The studied khettara (1500 m. in length) is contaminated in two different ways: first by infiltration of waste water from the Seguia system and secondly directly by over-flow and escape of a main common sewer which crosses over the khetarra between the Kl andK2 stations.At each station, sediment peripbyton, Spirogyra and M. praemorsa were sampled in different seasons. Each sample was prepared for analysis (S.A.A. varian 475.AA) according to the method described by COSSON (1987). Flame atomization was chosen for Zn and Cu, the grafite furnace for Cd.The main results concern the level of contamination, with a comparison between Kl and K2 stations, the variation in contamination according to the seasons, the dilferent routes of contamination, namely through water or by the trophic chaîn (periphfion and Spirogyra).The degree of contamination in M. praemona is signifïcatively higher at the Kl station, with the following ranking: Zn> Cu> Cd (fig. 2, 3 and 4). Compared with other literature data: FORSTNER et al., 1981; RADA, 1985; COSSON, 1987; PIP, 1992, the upper concentrations are the highest.The metal concentrations increase from winter to summer, with significant differences between winter and spring or summer values at Kl for Zn, Cu, Cd; the same distinction, but only for Zn and Cd at K2 station.The causes of variation in metal concentrations in the gasteropods from the two sites were investigated,by in situ cotransplantation experiences and by measuring metaflic concentrations in sediments, periphyton and Spirogyra. Results show that differences in gasteropod metal concentrations between sites appear to be related to differences in aqueous metal speciation. The data concerning the food chain show that metallic concentrations are higher for periphyton and, Spirogyra living at Kl station, this according to the data for M. praemorsa.In contrast, the level of contamination in sediments is higher at K2 station. The most probable hypothesis is that organic and suspended matter, present at a higher level in this station, bind the heary metals and reduce their bioavailability.The cotransplantation between Kl and K2 stations shows that the individuals transferred from Kl to K2 station for 15 days cease to bioaccumulate Zn and Cd. A detoxification process occurs for these two metals but not for Cu, which continues to increase; thus, bioavailability of different metals at the same station is not equivalent. On the other hand the individuals transferred from K2 to Kl station do not increase their Zn, Cu or Cd concentrations even after 30 days. Concerning this fact FRAZIER and GEORGE (1983) suggest the possibility of an adaptation to initial conditions.It seems that many other factors influence metal bioaccumulation and merit further study, e.g.: the size and the age of individuals, the biological cycle with the period of reproduction ; the interaction of abiotic factors: T°, salinity, dissolved orygen, turbidity, lighting

The Role of Corpus Pattern Analysis in Machine Translation Evaluation

This paper takes a preliminary look at the relation between verb pattern matches in the Pattern Dictionary of English Verbs (PDEV) and translation quality through a qualitative analysis of human-ranked sentences from 5 different machine translation systems. The purpose of the analysis is not only to determine whether verbs in the automatic translations and their immediate contexts match any pre-existing semanto-syntactic pattern in PDEV, but also to establish links between hypothesis sentences and the verbs in the reference translation. It attempts to answer the question of whether or not the semantic and syntactic information captured by Corpus Pattern Analysis (CPA) can indicate whether a sentence is a “good” translation. Two human annotators manually identified the occurrence of patterns in 50 translations and indicated whether these patterns match any identified pattern in the corresponding reference translation. Results indicate that CPA can be used to distinguish between well and ill-formed sentences

Enhanced MPC for Omnidirectional Robot Motion Tracking Using Laguerre Functions and Non-Iterative Linearization

To cope with the computational complexity of the traditional model predictive control, and to reduce the error of the linearization and prediction processes, this paper presents an improved model predictive control algorithm, based on Laguerre functions, for the motion tracking of an omnidirectional mobile robot with non-iterative linearization. To design the controller, the kinematic modeling of the three-wheeled omnidirectional robot was first performed. Next, the model predictive algorithm was developed using Laguerre functions to parametrize the control signals. At each sampling instant of the online optimization, a linearization along the predicted trajectory, based on the duality principle between optimal control and stochastic filtering, was carried out to deal with the nonlinearities of the system. This non-iterative linearization provides better approximation of the nonlinear behavior which improves the prediction process and the tracking performance, with lower computational burden due to the use of the Laguerre functions. The new controller is applied to solve the trajectory-tracking problem of an omnidirectional robot. A comparative study between the proposed controller, the conventional model predictive control, and the nonlinear model predictive approach is made. Simulation results confirm that the new controller outperform the latter ones regarding tracking accuracy with considerably low computational effort. The feasibility of the controller is demonstrated by real-time experiment on the Robotino-Festo omnidirectional mobile robot

Extraction de patrons sémantiques appliquée à la classification d'Entités Nommées

International audienceLa variabilité des corpus constitue un problème majeur pour les systèmes de reconnaissance d'entités nommées. L'une des pistes possibles pour y remédier est l'utilisation d'approches linguistiques pour les adapter à de nouveaux contextes : la construction de patrons sémantiques peut permettre de désambiguïser les entités nommées en structurant leur environnement syntaxico-sémantique. Cet article présente une première réalisation sur un corpus de presse d'un système de correction. Après une étape de segmentation sur des critères discursifs de surface, le système extrait et pondère les patrons liés à une classe d'entité nommée fournie par un analyseur. Malgré des modèles encore relativement élémentaires, les résultats obtenus sont encourageants et montrent la nécessité d'un traitement plus approfondi de la classe Organisation. Abstract Corpus variation is a major problem for named entity recognition systems. One possible direction to tackle this problem involves using linguistic approaches to adapt them to unseen contexts : building semantic patterns may help for their disambiguation by structuring their syntactic and semantic environment. This article presents a preliminary implementation on a press corpus of a correction system. After a segmentation step based on surface discourse clues, the system extracts and weights the patterns linked to a named entity class provided by an analyzer. Despite relatively elementary models, the results obtained are promising and point on the necessary treatment of the Organisation class. Mots-clés : entités nommées, patrons sémantiques, segmentation discursive de surface Keywords: named entities, semantic patterns, surface discourse segmentation ISMAÏL EL MAAROUF, JEANNE VILLANEAU, SOPHIE ROSSE