AUSTRIAN SYNDROME: A RARE CASE REPORT

Austria

Coût indirect de la prise en charge des personnes vivant avec le VIH : L’exemple des patients du CHU de Casablanca

According to the latest statistics from the World Health Organization, more than 37.7 million people living with HIV at the end of 2020 and around two thirds of those infected are in the African region. According to the IHME, the burden of disease is estimated at more than 47 million years of life lost due to morbidity and premature mortality. Since the introduction of ARV in Morocco in 1998, the Ministry of Health has provided free care to PLHIV with additional support from the Global Fund, which generates significant economic costs, thus constituting an important health issue public. As the number of people infected with HIV increases, so do the costs of care. The direct cost linked to care is known, what about the indirect cost. It is therefore important to estimate the indirect cost of care in order to assess the economic consequences of HIV infection. This present work was carried out at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca. The objective was to estimate the indirect cost of HIV care. Data collection was carried out using NADIS software and the inpatient registry. The annual indirect cost of HIV including the cost linked to early mortality and the cost linked to absenteeism was estimated at 15,911,814.47 Dhs. The majority of costs are due to early mortality. Estimating the indirect costs of people living with HIV is crucial for effective management of the epidemic and for better and adequate allocation of resources. This will contribute to a better quality of life for people living with the disease and to reducing the social and economic impact of the epidemic on society.   Keywords: Indirect cost; HIV; Morocco JEL Classification: I10; I18 Paper type : Research Intervention  Selon les dernières statistiques de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé, plus de 37,7 millions de personnes vivant avec le VIH à la fin de 2020 et environ deux tiers des personnes infectées se situent dans la région Africaine. Selon l’IHME, le fardeau de la maladie estimé à plus de 47 millions d’années de vies perdues à cause de la morbidité et de la mortalité prématurée. Depuis l’introduction de l’ARV au Maroc en 1998, le Ministère de la santé assure gratuitement la prise en charge des PVVIH avec un appui complémentaire du fonds Mondial, ce qui génère d’importants coûts économiques, constituant ainsi un enjeu important en santé publique. À mesure que le nombre de personnes infectées par le VIH augmente, les coûts de la prise en charge augmentent également. Le coût direct lié à la prise en charge est connu, qu’en est-il du coût indirect. Il est donc important d’estimer le coût indirect de la prise en charge afin d’évaluer les conséquences économiques de l’infection à VIH. Ce présent travail a été mené au niveau du CHU Ibn Rochd de Casablanca. L’objectif était d’estimer le coût indirect de la prise en charge du VIH. La collecte des données a été effectuée à partir du logiciel NADIS et du registre des patients hospitalisés. Le coût indirect annuel du VIH comprenant le coût lié à la mortalité précoce et le coût lié à l’absentéisme ont été estimés à 15 911 814,47 Dhs. La majorité des coûts est due à la mortalité précoce. L'estimation des coûts indirects des personnes vivant avec le VIH est cruciale pour une gestion efficace de l'épidémie et pour une meilleure allocation adéquate des ressources. Cela contribuera à une meilleure qualité de vie pour les personnes vivant avec la maladie et à la réduction de l'impact social et économique de l'épidémie sur la société.   Mots clés : Coût indirect ; VIH ; Maroc JEL Classification : I10 ; I18 Type de l’article : Recherche interventio

Long-Term Benefits from Early Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in HIV Infection

BACKGROUND: For people with HIV and CD4+ counts >500 cells/mm3, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces serious AIDS and serious non-AIDS (SNA) risk compared with deferral of treatment until CD4+ counts are 500 cells/mm3, excess risk of AIDS and SNA associated with delaying treatment initiation was diminished after ART initiation, but persistent excess risk remained. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and others.)

Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis among High-Risk Individuals in Morocco

International audienceBackground: Leptospirosis is an anthropozoonotic reemerging neglected infectious disease underreported in most developing countries. A cross-sectional study was performed between 17 and 23 February 2014 to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk populations in Casablanca (Morocco).Methods: A total of 490 human serum samples (97.6% males) were collected in 3 high-risk occupational sites including the biggest meat slaughterhouse (n = 208), a poultry market (n = 121), and the fish market (n = 161). A total of 125 human blood samples were also collected from the general population and used in this study as a control group. To detect the presence of anti-Leptospira, sera were screened with in-house IgG and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive samples were tested by Microscopic Agglutination Technique (MAT) using a panel of 24 serovar cultures and cut point of 1 : 25.Results: Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among the control group was 10.4% (13/125). A high seropositivity among the overall seroprevalence of 24.1% (118/490) was observed in the high-risk groups of which 7.3% (36/490), 13.7% (67/490), and 3.1% (15/490) were for anti-Leptospira IgM, IgG, and both IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. Most of the positive individuals were occupationally involved in poultry (37.2%), followed by the market fish (26.1%) and the meat slaughterhouse (14.9%) workers. Among all ELISA-positive serum samples, 20.3% (n = 24) had positive MAT responses, of which the Icterohaemorrhagiae (n = 7) is the most common infecting serogroup followed by Javanica (4), Australis (2), and Sejroe, Mini, and Panama (one in each). In the remaining 8 MAT-positive sera, MAT showed equal titers against more than one serogroup.Conclusion: Individuals engaged in risk activities are often exposed to leptospiral infection. Therefore, control and prevention policies toward these populations are necessary

Control of progression towards liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma by SOCS3 polymorphisms in chronic HCV-infected patients

International audienceChronic Hepatitis C is one of the most important risk factors of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Before reaching these ultimate steps, insulin resistance triggered by hepatitis C virus infection is known to participate in the progression of liver disease. The present study aims to investigate the influence of two functional polymorphisms on SOCS3 mRNA expression and on the outcomes of CHC progression in a North African context