Théorie de la surveillance de la santé des populations

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

La régionalisation avancée comme nouveau mode de gouvernance territoriale au Maroc : Étude analytique des défis et des opportunités

La régionalisation avancée au Maroc a été mise en place dans le but de promouvoir le développement territorial à travers une meilleure appropriation locale des projets et des politiques publiques. Tout d`abord, elle vise à renforcer la décentralisation et la participation citoyenne, en transférant des compétences aux collectivités territoriales et en impliquant davantage les habitants dans les décisions qui les concernent. De plus, le cloisonnement des territoires et des politiques publiques, ainsi que le manque de coordination entre les différents acteurs locaux, peuvent entraver le développement d'une vision cohérente et d'actions concertées dans les différentes régions du pays. Cet article présente les défis de la régionalisation avancée lors de sa mise en place et les facteurs déterminants de la réussite de ce mode de gouvernance territorial afin d`aboutir aux finalités à moyens terme et à long terme d`un développement adéquat qui peut faire face aux différentes fluctuations de la conjoncture économique à l`échelle nationale et internationale

Subcarrier and power allocation for the downlink of multiuser OFDM transmission

In this paper, a new algorithm for subcarrier and power allocation for the downlink of multiuser OFDM transmission is presented. The proposed algorithm is more stable and it offers a lower complexity and better performance than previous existing algorithms.This work has been partly funded by the Spanish government with project TIC 2002-03498 (ORISE), Education Chamber of Madrid Community and European Social Fund.Publicad

Knowledge integration in One Health policy formulation, implementation and evaluation

The One Health concept covers the interrelationship between human, animal and environmental health and requires multistakeholder collaboration across many cultural, disciplinary, institutional and sectoral boundaries. Yet, the implementation of the One Health approach appears hampered by shortcomings in the global framework for health governance. Knowledge integration approaches, at all stages of policy development, could help to address these shortcomings. The identification of key objectives, the resolving of trade-offs and the creation of a common vision and a common direction can be supported by multicriteria analyses. Evidence-based decision-making and transformation of observations into narratives detailing how situations emerge and might unfold in the future can be achieved by systems thinking. Finally, transdisciplinary approaches can be used both to improve the effectiveness of existing systems and to develop novel networks for collective action. To strengthen One Health governance, we propose that knowledge integration becomes a key feature of all stages in the development of related policies. We suggest several ways in which such integration could be promoted

Development of Reporting Guidelines for Animal Health Surveillance—AHSURED

With the current trend in animal health surveillance toward risk-based designs and a gradual transition to output-based standards, greater flexibility in surveillance design is both required and allowed. However, the increase in flexibility requires more transparency regarding surveillance, its activities, design and implementation. Such transparency allows stakeholders, trade partners, decision-makers and risk assessors to accurately interpret the validity of the surveillance outcomes. This paper presents the first version of the Animal Health Surveillance Reporting Guidelines (AHSURED) and the process by which they have been developed. The goal of AHSURED was to produce a set of reporting guidelines that supports communication of surveillance activities in the form of narrative descriptions. Reporting guidelines come from the field of evidence-based medicine and their aim is to improve consistency and quality of information reported in scientific journals. They usually consist of a checklist of items to be reported, a description/definition of each item, and an explanation and elaboration document. Examples of well-reported items are frequently provided. Additionally, it is common to make available a website where the guidelines are documented and maintained. This first version of the AHSURED guidelines consists of a checklist of 40 items organized in 11 sections (i.e., surveillance system building blocks), which is available as a wiki at https://github.com/SVA-SE/AHSURED/wiki. The choice of a wiki format will allow for further inputs from surveillance experts who were not involved in the earlier stages of development. This will promote an up-to-date refined guideline document

The Pseudo Smart City in Morocco Possibilities, Potential and Opportunities for a New Regional Development Model

Morocco, like other countries in the world, is on the one hand facing a number of challenges linked to the growth of its population and the extension of its urbanisation (mobility, housing, environment, etc.) and, on the other hand, the increasing scarcity of available natural resources, which makes urban management and meeting the needs of citizens an increasingly difficult task. In such a context, it becomes necessary to rethink the governance of the city and its organisational structure in order to guarantee a better performance of the quality of life of its citizens. The development of new information and communication technologies (NICT) now offers better prospects in the context of Smart Cities, enabling intelligent management of available resources to better meet the requirements of today's cities. Interest in smart cities in Morocco has been growing steadily among both public authorities and private players looking for smart solutions that will enable the development of the territory and the fulfilment of its citizens. Despite the efforts made, the results still fall short of expectations. The development of a Moroccan model that capitalises on the country's assets and takes account of the specific features of the Moroccan model is essential if this experience is to bring real added value to the management of Moroccan territories. In this paper, we will discuss the conceptual notion of the pseudo smart city, which represents a flexible version of the notion of a smart city, as well as the possibility of its implementation in Morocco while exploring the existing potentialities and opportunities so that we can converge towards an adequate economic and regional development model.  &nbsp