Publications of METU Faculty of Architecture - 2017

Publisher's Versio

OKB hastalarında düşük dereceli inflamasyonla klinik ve sosyodemografik özelliklerin ilişkisi

Amaç: Son yıllarda inflamasyonun obsesif kompulsif bozuklukluğun (OKB) etyolojisindeki rolüne ilişkin kanıtlar artmaktadır. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, OKB'li olgularda C-reaktif protein (CRP) ile klinik ve demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmış herhangi bir çalışma yoktur. Bu çalışmada OKB'li olgularda CRP düzeyleri ile psikopatolojik ve demografik değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: OKB tanısı konmuş ardışık 98 ayaktan hasta ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirildi. Inflamasyon göstergesi olarak değerlendirme sırasında bakılan CRP sonuçları hastaların bilgisayar kayıtlarından araştırıldı. Rutin olarak bakılan tetkiklerinde CRP kesme değeri 3 mg/dl olarak kabul edilerek (3 olan hastalar yüksek CRP; 3 olan hastalar normal CRP grubu) iki grup karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Elli sekiz hasta (%59.2) normal CRP, 40 hasta (%40.8) yüksek CRP olarak sınıflandırıldı. Yüksek CRP düzeyi grubunun iç görü düzeyleri anlamlı olarak diğer gruba göre daha kötüydü. Yüksek CRP grubundaki hastaların normal olan gruba göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek oranda intihar girişimi, OKB için pozitif aile öyküsü olduğu ve daha erken hastalık başlangıç yaşına sahip oldukları bulundu. Lojistik regresyon analizinde üç değişkenin hastaların yüksek CRP grubunda olma riskini anlamlı yordadığı saptandı: İç görü düzeyleri, hastalığın başlangıç yaşı, OKB aile öyküsü. Sonuç: Bulgularımız OKB'li olgularda düşük dereceli inflamasyonla iç görünün, hastalık başlangıç yaşının, intiharın ve OKB için pozitif aile öyküsünün ilişkisine işaret etmektedir. Gelecek çalışmalarda CRP düzeyinde uzunlamasına dönemdeki değişimlerin, OKB'de psikopatoloji ile ilişkisinin araştırılması hastalığınObjective: To our knowledge, no study has specifically examined the relationship between C-reactive protein CRP levels and clinical features in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), even though inflammation plays a role in the etiology of OCD. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between CRP levels and psychopathological and demographic variables in OCD. Methods: Ninety-eight consecutive outpatients with a diagnosis of OCD underwent a detailed clinical assessment for OCD. The study also utilized a cross-sectional patients' records design for obtaining CRP levels. Two groups of patients were compared by CRP levels at the cutoff of 3 mg/dl (high vs. normal). Results: Patients with high CRP levels exhibited worse insight, had earlier age of illness onset, higher rates of previous suicide attempts and positive family history for OCD compared to subjects with normal CRP levels. The logistic regression included three predictive variables for CRP status in patients with OCD (a) YBOCS-insight scores (b) age at onset and (c) family history of OCD. Conclusion: Our data indicates a significant association between inflammation and some clinical features in OCD. Future studies should prospectively examine longitudinal changes in CRP and its' association with clinical and demographic features

Brexpiprazole: A partial dopamine agonist for the treatment of schizophrenia

PubMed ID: 28828976Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating mental disorder that affects the patient’s and their family’s life. The disease remains a complicated disorder that is challenging to treat, despite there being a large antipsychotic armamentarium. Brexpiprazole acts both as a partial agonist at the serotonin 5-HT1A and dopamine D2 receptors and as an antagonist at the serotonin 5- HT2A and noradrenaline alpha1B and alpha2C receptors, all with similar potency. This balanced receptor profile may produce promising antipsychotic effects on positive, negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia with minimal adverse effects. Methods: This review summarizes the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic profile of brexpiprazole and the clinical trial information pertaining to its effectiveness and safety and tolerability, discusses its best clinical use, and compares its clinical profile to those of other widely used antipsychotic agents. Results: Brexpiprazole demonstrated significant clinical efficacy and had good safety and tolerability in well-designed trials with patients with schizophrenia. This agent may be a useful treatment alternative. Conclusion: However, it will be valuable to consider a long-term observational study that includes an active comparator, especially other second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in the treatment of schizophrenia. © 2018 Bentham Science Publishers

The connections among suicidal behavior, lipid profile and low-grade inflammation in patients with major depressive disorder: a specific relationship with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio

PubMed ID: 28800269Objectives: The role of inflammation and lipid metabolism in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior has received particular attention in recent years. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been suggested as a new and more reliable indicator of low-grade inflammation. NLR has been found to be altered in major depressive disorder (MDD) and has been related to various factors, including chronic stress and impulsivity that were previously reported to be related to suicidal behavior. We aimed to explore the roles of NLR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum lipid levels on suicidal behavior in patients with MDD. Methods: The study group consisted of 139 inpatients diagnosed with MDD [37 suicide attempters (SA); 102 suicide non-attempters (NSA)], 50 healthy controls and matched according to age, gender and education. NLR, PLR, CRP and lipid values were obtained from digital inpatient records. Results: CRP levels and NLR were substantially higher in patients with SA than in subjects with NSA and healthy comparison subjects after adjusting the confounding factors. The logistic regression included two predictive variables for suicide status in patients with depressive disorder (A) previous suicidal history; (B) NLR. Conclusions: This is the first study suggesting that NLR may be a trait marker for suicidal vulnerability via a relationship between NLR and a recent suicide attempt in depressed inpatients. Future prospective studies are needed to determine the exact roles of NLR, and other inflammatory markers on suicidality in MDD. © 2017 The Nordic Psychiatric Association

The relationship between the attitudes of visual arts education department students regarding arts education and their psychological wellness

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sanat ve psikolojik iyi olma arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Aynı zamanda sanat eğitiminin önemini ve işlevini ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır.Psikolojik iyi olmaya dair farklı tanımlar olmasına karşın araştırmacılar psikolojik iyi olmanın bilişsel ve duygusal yönleri olduğu noktasında hem fikirdirler. Bradburn’a göre; psikolojik iyi olmada anahtar nokta, olumlu duyguların olumsuz duygulardan üstün gelmesi durumudur.İlk düşünürlerden itibaren sanat, kötücüllüğün, şiddetin ve insanın düşebileceği bütün olumsuz duygu ve davranışların törpülenmesinde bir araçtır. Zira sanat vasıtasıyla yetişen bireylerin kendilerini ifade etmek konusunda şiddet gibi kısır ve sonuçsuz yöntemler yerine çok daha yaratıcı eylemlerde bulunabileceği düşünülmektedir. Sanat eğitiminde amaç, özgün, özgür düşünebilmeyi kazandırmak, duyuşsal ifadeyi, felsefe, etik, doğa, yaşam ve sanat bütünlüğü ile birlikte kişiyi eğitmektir. Sanat eğitimi ile insan, biçim güzelliği ile işlevsellik arasındaki ilişkileri görebilmenin hazzını yaşayan, üreterek var olmanın verdiği güven duygusu ile kendi kararlarını vermede özgür, toplumsal yönü gelişmiş, paylaşmayı bilen, estetik görüşe sahip, düzensizlikten rahatsızlık duyan ve çevresini güzelleştirmek isteyen, duyarlı bir birey olarak gelişmektedir.Bu araştırmanın evren ve örneklemini, 2021 - 2022 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde, Marmara Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Resim-İş Öğretmenliği bölümü, lisans öğrencilerinden gönüllü katılımcılar ve Türkiye genelindeki diğer üniversitelerin Güzel sanatlar bölümlerinde okuyan gönüllü öğrencilerle, online anket yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilecektir.Araştırmada, hem nicel hem de nitel yöntem kullanılacak olup, nitel araştırma türlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu sorular, nicel araştırma türlerinden ise çoklu likert ölçek kullanılan anket yöntemi ile yapılacaktır. Araştırmadaki veri toplama araçları; demografik bilgi formu, Psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği ve açık uçlu sorulardan oluşacaktır.Araştırma sonucunda toplanan verilerin analizi ‘SPSS programı’ ile yapılacak, verilerdeki demografik değişkenler kümelendirilip, öğrencilere uygulanan ölçekler derecelendirilecek, toplanılan bilgilerin istatistik analizi yapılacak, araştırmayı oluşturan öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerini belirleyici frekans ile yüzde dağılımları tablolar halinde oluşturulacak ve yorumlanacaktır. Araştırma sonunda, sanat eğitiminin psikolojik iyi oluş ile ilişkisi ve insanlaşma üzerindeki katkılarını göstermenin yanı sıra, sanat eğitimi derslerinin önemini vurgulayarak, sanat eğitimcileri, ebeveyn ve araştırmalara yol gösterici olması amaçlanmıştır.The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between art and psychological well-being. At the same time, it aimed to reveal the importance and function of art education.Although there are different definitions of psychological well-being, researchers agree that psychological well-being has cognitive and emotional aspects. According to Bradburn; The key to psychological well-being is that positive emotions prevail over negative ones.Since the first thinkers, art is a tool for rasping evil, violence and all negative emotions and behaviors that people can fall into. Because it is thought that individuals who grow up through art can take much more creative actions to express themselves instead of vicious and fruitless methods such as violence. The aim in art education is to gain original and free thinking, to educate the person in the integrity of affective expression, philosophy, ethics, nature, life and art. The individual, who experiences the happiness of producing, being, and being able to sense the functional relationships with the formal beauties between objects, develops as a sensitive being who is self-confident, free with the ability to make decisions, knows how to share in social relations, has a developed aesthetic aspect, is disturbed by irregularities, and wants to beautify his environment. The universe and sample of this research will be carried out in the spring semester of the 2021-2022 academic year, with volunteer participants from Marmara University Education Faculty Painting Teaching Department, undergraduate students and volunteer students studying in Fine arts departments of other universities across Turkey, using the online survey method.In the research, both quantitative and qualitative methods will be used, semi-structured open-ended questions from qualitative research types and a survey method using multiple Likert scales from quantitative research types. Data collection tools in research; demographic information form, Psychological well-being scale and open-ended questions.The analysis of the data collected as a result of the research will be done with the 'SPSS program', the demographic variables in the data will be clustered, the scales applied to the students will be graded, the statistical analysis of the collected information will be made, the frequency and percentage distributions determining the demographic characteristics of the students who constituted the research will be created and interpreted in tables.At the end of the research, it was aimed to show the relationship of art education with psychological well-being and its contributions to humanization, as well as to guide art educators, parents and research by emphasizing the importance of art education courses

Case Report: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Of A Patient With Pathological Gambling

Pathological gambling is a mental disorder characterized by continuous and repetitive gambling behavior and it might cause significant losses in social, professional and family life. There may also be some personal and social results of it such as suicide attempts, loss of job, marital problems, and troubles in family life, legal difficulties and criminal behavior. Co-occurring mental disorders might influence treatment outcomes of pathological gambling behavior. There are some reports suggesting that especially higher depression levels may increase the likelihood of gambling behavior and it has also been stressed that identification and early treatment of co-occurring depression in treatment process should improve the results and reduce relapse rates. There is not an standardized treatment modality for the treatment of the disorder. It is known that in the treatment of this condition, which results in personal and social failure, psychological intervention may have positive results both in the short and long term. As pathological gambling is not a homogenous disorder, individual planning is essential for the evaluation and therapy. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy seems to be efficient in the treatment of pathological gambling especially in coping with emotional problems and feeling of discomfort through making up a holistic cognitive, emotional, and behavioral model. In this report, the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy that accompanied a drug therapy is discussed in a case of a pathological gambling with comorbid depression

GATA3 expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters in invasive breast carcinomas

WOS: 000397371700010PubMed ID: 28215639GATA3, as a transcription factor, is associated with estrogen receptor (ER) expression and necessary for luminal cell differentiation in mammary glands. Association of GATA3 expression with clinicopathological parameters, molecular subtypes of tumors, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for breast carcinoma patients were evaluated in this study. We immunohistochemically stained GATA3, CK5/6, EGFR, CK14 and vimentin on tissue microarray blocks of 457 invasive breast carcinomas. Tumors are sub-classified as luminal A, luminal B, HER2 expressing, basal-like and null type according to their hormonal status with cerbB2, CK 5/6 and EGFR expressions. Follow-up data for 254 cases were obtained. 215/457 (47%) tumors were GATA3 positive. GATA3 expression was inversely correlated with mitotic count (p < 0.0001), nuclear grade (p = 0.001), histological grade (p = 0.001), tumor necrosis (p = 0.001), stromal lymphocytic response (p < 0.01), nipple invasion (p = 0.01), metastasis (p = 0.03), vimentin (p = 0.0003), EGFR (p = 0.015) and CK14 (p = 0.001) expressions; and directly associated with ER (p < 0.0001) and progesterone receptor (PR) (p < 0.0001) expressions. Luminal A carcinomas had the highest frequency for GATA-3 (140/245), however basal-like carcinomas had the lowest (1/42) (p < 0.0001). None of the medullary and metaplastic carcinomas expressed GATA3. GATA3 was associated with good DFS and OS (p = 0.001 and p = 0.0009) and was an independent prognostic factor for OS. GATA3 expression, regardless of the subtype, may have a prognostic significance for breast carcinomas through its ability to promote the differentiation of luminal progenitor cells