"Nå har jeg endelig funnet noe jeg liker å gjøre"

Denne artikkelen bygger på fokusgruppeintervjuer med ungdom som har stått utenfor videregående opplæring, og deres erfaringer med nå å være i gang igjen. Formålet med studien var å få kunnskap om hva ungdommene vektla som betydningsfullt for å gjenoppta utdanning og arbeid. Vi gjennomførte to fokusgruppeintervjuer med til sammen 15 ungdommer. I presentasjon av funnene har vi vektlagt å få frem ungdommenes stemmer. Selvbestemte valg, opplevelse av å føle seg tilstrekkelig kompetent, støtte og tilrettelegging fra betydningsfulle andre var viktige elementer for at ungdommene gjenopptok videregående opplæring

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are not associated with hypercoagulability in apparently healthy people

Background: SARS-CoV-2 adenoviral vector DNA vaccines have been linked to the rare but serious thrombotic postvaccine complication vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. This has raised concerns regarding the possibility of increased thrombotic risk after any SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Objectives: To investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccines cause coagulation activation leading to a hypercoagulable state. Methods: This observational study included 567 health care personnel; 521 were recruited after the first dose of adenoviral vector ChAdOx1-S (Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca) vaccine and 46 were recruited prospectively before vaccination with a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine, either Spikevax (Moderna, n = 38) or Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech, n = 8). In the mRNA group, samples were acquired before and 1 to 2 weeks after vaccination. In addition to the prevaccination samples, 56 unvaccinated blood donors were recruited as controls (total n = 102). Thrombin generation, D-dimer levels, and free tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) levels were analyzed. Results: No participant experienced thrombosis, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia, or thrombocytopenia (platelet count 9 /L) 1 week to 1 month postvaccination. There was no increase in thrombin generation, D-dimer level, or TFPI level in the ChAdOx1-S vaccine group compared with controls or after the mRNA vaccines compared with baseline values. Eleven of 513 (2.1%) participants vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S had anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies without a concomitant increase in thrombin generation. Conclusion: In this study, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were not associated with thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, increased thrombin generation, D-dimer levels, or TFPI levels compared with baseline or unvaccinated controls. These findings argue against the subclinical activation of coagulation post-COVID-19 vaccination

Oral Tongue Malignancies in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) or Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) (APECED, OMIM 240300) is a rare, childhood onset, monogenic disease caused by mutations in the Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) gene. The overall mortality is increased compared to the general population and a major cause of death includes malignant diseases, especially oral and esophageal cancers. We here present a case series of four APS-1 patients with oral tongue cancers, an entity not described in detail previously. Scrutiny of history and clinical phenotypes indicate that chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and smoking are significant risk factors. Preventive measures and early diagnosis are important to successfully manage this potentially fatal disease

EuReCa ONE—27 Nations, ONE Europe, ONE Registry A prospective one month analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in 27 countries in Europe

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the EuReCa ONE study was to determine the incidence, process, and outcome for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) throughout Europe.MethodsThis was an international, prospective, multi-centre one-month study. Patients who suffered an OHCA during October 2014 who were attended and/or treated by an Emergency Medical Service (EMS) were eligible for inclusion in the study. Data were extracted from national, regional or local registries.ResultsData on 10,682 confirmed OHCAs from 248 regions in 27 countries, covering an estimated population of 174 million. In 7146 (66%) cases, CPR was started by a bystander or by the EMS. The incidence of CPR attempts ranged from 19.0 to 104.0 per 100,000 population per year. 1735 had ROSC on arrival at hospital (25.2%), Overall, 662/6414 (10.3%) in all cases with CPR attempted survived for at least 30 days or to hospital discharge.ConclusionThe results of EuReCa ONE highlight that OHCA is still a major public health problem accounting for a substantial number of deaths in Europe.EuReCa ONE very clearly demonstrates marked differences in the processes for data collection and reported outcomes following OHCA all over Europe. Using these data and analyses, different countries, regions, systems, and concepts can benchmark themselves and may learn from each other to further improve survival following one of our major health care events

Cleavages and party systems in post-communist Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria

This thesis examines the presence of cleavages and their effect on party systems in post-communist Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. By using logistic regression models, operationalisations of cleavages from different surveys are used to explain voting behaviour in the the first four post-communist elections in each country. The cleavage patterns that are identified in the quantitative analysis are then used as explanatory variables for the party systems in the three countries. The assumption is that strong and stable cleavage patterns will have led to a more closed structure of competition, and therefore have had a stabilising effect on the party systems.The conceptual approach is influenced by Lipset and Rokkan`s work on Western Europe (Lipset and Rokkan 1967), but the scope is different in the sense that the conditions for cleavage-based party system development is different in the post-communist setting. By distinguishing between horizontal and vertical voter alignment, we open for the importance of cleavages also in environments with high volatility and frequent party replacement.Cleavages are found to matter for voting behaviour in all three countries, and the effect on the party systems is also visible. However, there are substantial differences between the countries. Hungary, where the cleavage structures and the horizontal alignment appears to be the strongest, has the party system with the greatest stability in terms of a closed structure of competition. Bulgaria, where the 2001 election changed the party landscape considerably, is on the other end of the scale, both with regards to cleavage patterns and party system stability. Romania is in an intermediary position, with an apparent connection between certain stable cleavage patterns and certain element of stability in the party system

"Nå har jeg endelig funnet noe jeg liker å gjøre": En fokusgruppestudie av ungdom som har stått utenfor videregående opplæring

Denne artikkelen bygger på fokusgruppeintervjuer med ungdom som har ståttutenfor videregående opplæring, og deres erfaringer med nå å være i gangigjen. Formålet med studien var å få kunnskap om hva ungdommene vektlasom betydningsfullt for å gjenoppta utdanning og arbeid. Vi gjennomførte tofokusgruppeintervjuer med til sammen 15 ungdommer. I presentasjon avfunnene har vi vektlagt å få frem ungdommenes stemmer. Selvbestemte valg,opplevelse av å føle seg tilstrekkelig kompetent, støtte og tilrettelegging frabetydningsfulle andre var viktige elementer for at ungdommene gjenopptokvideregående opplæring

Energy efficiency of strategies to enable temperature zoning during winter in highly-insulated residential buildings equipped with balanced mechanical ventilation

To reduce the space-heating needs, balanced mechanical ventilation equipped with a heat recovery is frequently implemented in highly-insulated residential buildings. This standard ventilation strategy tends to homogenize temperature inside the building, in other words, to reduce temperature zoning. In some countries, such as Norway, many users would like colder bedrooms. It has been proved that a significant part of the occupants in Norwegian passive houses opens bedroom windows during several hours every night during winter. Dynamic simulations have shown that it strongly increases the space-heating needs and that control only is unable to create temperature zoning in an energy-efficient way. The building concept should be changed. In the present contribution, the physical processes during temperature zoning are further explained. Detailed dynamic simulations of a detached single-family house are performed using the simulation software IDA ICE for different insulation levels, construction modes (which also influence the thermal insulation in partition walls) and control strategies. Alternative mechanical ventilation strategies are compared. They manage to reduce the influence of mechanical ventilation on the increased space-heating needs due to window opening but they cannot improve the large contribution of heat conduction through partition walls between heated areas and unheated bedrooms. Among the investigated ventilation strategies, decentralized ventilation has intrinsically the best performance

Oral Tongue Malignancies in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) or Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) (APECED, OMIM 240300) is a rare, childhood onset, monogenic disease caused by mutations in the Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) gene. The overall mortality is increased compared to the general population and a major cause of death includes malignant diseases, especially oral and esophageal cancers. We here present a case series of four APS-1 patients with oral tongue cancers, an entity not described in detail previously. Scrutiny of history and clinical phenotypes indicate that chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and smoking are significant risk factors. Preventive measures and early diagnosis are important to successfully manage this potentially fatal disease.Peer reviewe

Visualisation of KPIs in zero emission neighbourhoods for improved stakeholder participation using Virtual Reality

This paper addresses the role of virtual reality in addressing the specific challenge of the increasing complexity and decreasing usability when dealing with the level of detail required to model a zero emission neighbourhood (ZEN).[1] In such neighbourhoods, there is a need to handle both 'top down' neighbourhood level data with 'bottom up' building and material level data. This can quickly become overwhelming particularly when dealing with non expert users such as planners, architects, researchers and citizens who play a key part in the design process of future ZENs. Visualisation is an invaluable means to communicate complex data in an interactive way that makes it easier for diverse stakeholders to engage in decision making early and throughout the design process. The main purpose of this work has been to make ZEN key performance indicators (KPIs) more easily comprehensible to a diverse set of stakeholders who need to be involved in the early design phase. The paper investigates how existing extended reality (XR) technologies, such as virtual reality, can be integrated with an existing dynamic LCA method in order to provide visualise feedback on KPIs in early phase design of sustainable neighbourhoods. This existing method provides a dynamic link between the REVIT Bim and the ZEB Tool using a Dynamo plugin.[2] The results presented in this paper demonstrate how virtual reality can help to improve stakeholder participation in the early design phase and more easily integrate science-based knowledge on GHG emissions and other KPIs into the further development of the user-centered architectural and urban ZEN toolbox for the design and planning, operation and monitoring of ZENs. [3