Intraspecific diversity of the rhizodeposition of Lupinus angustifolius L. regarding the phosphorus mobilization in the soil

The cropping of lupines (Lupinus spp.) for protein production is rising worldwide. The growth of lupines is often limited by P deficiency, caused by low P bioavailability in soils. The rhizodeposition is a leading control of the P mobilization in the soil, i.e. especially by the release of phosphatases and organic acids. In the present study 20 genotypes of L. angustifolius (19 accessions from different geographic origins and the cultivar Boruta) were tested on their molecular-chemical composition of the rhizodeposition in P-deficiency by pyrolysis-field ionisation mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) and on the phosphatase and ß-glucosidase activities in the rhizosphere soil. The intraspecific diversity of the composition of the rhizodeposits was especially large for the relative abundance of carbohydrates and in this way in a specific impact on the microbial activity in the rhizosphere by selective promotion under some genotypes by easily available C sources for the microbial rhizosphere community. This was confirmed by a large variation in the thermal stability of the rhizodeposits of different genotypes, a varying pH level in identical cultivation conditions and in varying activities of alkaline and acid phosphomonoesterases and ß-glucosidase in the rhizosphere. Furthermore, the data revealed a strong variation in the release of alkaloids into the rhizosphere during the growth with a further impact on the microbial activity. In conclusion, the use of the quality of the rhizodeposition as an indicator of the potential for P mobilization in P-deficient soils highlighted a broad intraspecific diversity within L. angustifolius. This is a promising basis for a selection of highly P efficient genotypes within this species for further breeding strategies of productive cultivars

Measurement of the Nucleon Structure Function F2 in the Nuclear Medium and Evaluation of its Moments

We report on the measurement of inclusive electron scattering off a carbon target performed with CLAS at Jefferson Laboratory. A combination of three different beam energies 1.161, 2.261 and 4.461 GeV allowed us to reach an invariant mass of the final-state hadronic system W~2.4 GeV with four-momentum transfers Q2 ranging from 0.2 to 5 GeV2. These data, together with previous measurements of the inclusive electron scattering off proton and deuteron, which cover a similar continuous two-dimensional region of Q2 and Bjorken variable x, permit the study of nuclear modifications of the nucleon structure. By using these, as well as other world data, we evaluated the F2 structure function and its moments. Using an OPE-based twist expansion, we studied the Q2-evolution of the moments, obtaining a separation of the leading-twist and the total higher-twist terms. The carbon-to-deuteron ratio of the leading-twist contributions to the F2 moments exhibits the well known EMC effect, compatible with that discovered previously in x-space. The total higher-twist term in the carbon nucleus appears, although with large systematic uncertainites, to be smaller with respect to the deuteron case for n<7, suggesting partial parton deconfinement in nuclear matter. We speculate that the spatial extension of the nucleon is changed when it is immersed in the nuclear medium.Comment: 37 pages, 15 figure

Performance of blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) cultivars on a pseudogley soil in Serbia

The goal of modern blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) breeding programs, such as the one that is carried out in the Saatzucht Steinach GmbH in Bornhof, Germany, is the improvement of tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress and certain morphological and physiological changes. Blue lupin is almost unknown in Serbia, but a recently launched breeding program on white (Lupinus albus L.) and blue lupins in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad provided encouraging results on the introduction of these two species in the country. A small-plot trial was carried out on a pseudogley soil, with a pH value of 4.79, at the Experiment Field of the Dr Dorde Radic Secondary School of Agriculture in Kraljevo during 2006 and 2007. In comparison with all other cultivars, the cultivar Bolivio produced higher grain yield (2311 kg ha¹), while the lowest grain yield was in the cultivar Boregine (1525 kg ha⁻¹). The annual grain yield in these six examined blue lupin cultivars ranged from 1425 kg ha⁻¹, in the cultivar Boruta in 2006, to, 3005 kg ha⁻¹, in the cultivar Bolivio in 2006

An Online Monitoring System for the Screening of Stationary-Phase Promoters in E. Coli using GFP as a Reporter Protein

Bettenworth F, Miksch G, Fries K, et al. An Online Monitoring System for the Screening of Stationary-Phase Promoters in E. Coli using GFP as a Reporter Protein.; 2005

Überlegungen zur geplanten Anzeigepflicht bei sexuellem Missbrauch

We introduce the family of k-gap-planar graphs for k≥0, i.e., graphs that have a drawing in which each crossing is assigned to one of the two involved edges and each edge is assigned at most k of its crossings. This definition finds motivation in edge casing, as a k-gap-planar graph can be drawn crossing-free after introducing at most k local gaps per edge. We obtain results on the maximum density, drawability of complete graphs, complexity of the recognition problem, and relationships with other families of beyond-planar graphs