Sentiment Analysis on Social media network

Detecting changes in a data stream is very important area of research with several applications. In this project, we use a method for the detection and estimation of change. This strategy mainly dealing with distribution change when learning from data sequences which may vary with time. We use sliding window whose size, rather than being fixed a priori, is recomputed according to the rate of change determined from the data in the window itself. This delivers the user to guess a time-scale for change within the data stream. In this project we tend to use jio tweets in twitter as data stream. Reliance Jio network offers cost free services; the 100% satisfaction of its customer could be a doubtful one. Though the customers are availing Jio services, they spend some amount for using other networks. If Reliance Jio fails to give the full satisfaction to its customer, it is tough to sustain its image in the systematic nation. Hence the study is undertaken for the aim of analyzing the satisfaction level of the customer of Jio network. From Twitter, we gather tweets using Twitter API based on keywords #jio. This project can verify the sentiment orientation of the tweets and also detect the changes in tweeted words in terms of frequencies by applying ADWIN sliding window algorithm. Further we can visualize these results by plotting graphs and can understand how many people are positive and negative towards jio

Effektor- Protein SidM von Legionella pneumophila im Komplex mit dem menschlichen Protein Rab1A

Rab1 is a small GTPase that regulates intracellular trafficking between the endocytoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex. In common with other GTPases, cytosolic Rab1 is normally kept in a GDP-bound, inactive state by a dedicated GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI). To activate Rab1, a GDI-displacement factor (GDF) is required to remove the GDI before a GTP exchange factor (GEF) can induce the release of GDP to allow for subsequent uptake of GTP and activation of Rab1. SidM is a type IV secretion system effector protein from Legionella pneumophila that has both GEF and GDF activity for Rab1GTPase. SidM recruits Rab1 to the Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV) as part of generating a specialized vacuole that resembles the host’s rough endoplasmic reticulum. Within this vacuole L. pneumophila creates a replication niche allowing it to evade destruction by lysosomal fusion. To understand the SidM/Rab1 complex at the atomic level, the central domain of SidM317-545 and Rab1A1-175 were each purified and co-crystallized. Complex formation of SidM/Rab1 was analysed by size exclusion chromatography and isothermal calorimetry. The structure of the SidM/Rab1A complex was determined by X-ray crystallography revealing that the GEF domain of SidM is structurally distinct from known eukaryotic GEFs. The structure of the complex further revealed that SidM induces several conformational changes in Rab1A to facilitate GDP release. ITC experiments show that SidM has a higher affinity for unbound Rab1A compared to GDP-bound Rab1.Rab1 ist eine kleine GTPase, die den intrazellulären Transport zwischen endoplasmatischem Retikulum (ER) und Golgi-Apparat reguliert. Wie bei GTPasen üblich, wird zytosolisches Rab1 durch einen spezialisierten GDP-Dissoziations-Inhibitor (GDI) in einem GDP-gebundenen, inaktiven Zustand gehalten. Um Rab1 zu aktivieren, wird ein GDI-displacement factor (GDF) benötigt, der GDI entfernt, wonach ein GTP exchange factor (GEF) GDP-Freigabe induziert, was zur Aktivierung durch Bindung von GTP führt. SidM ist ein Effektor protein aus dem Typ IV Sekretionssystem von Legionella pneumophila, das sowohl GEF- als auch GDF-Aktivität für Rab1 hat. Intrazelluläre Legionellen rekrutieren Rab1 mit SidM zu der Wirtszell-Vakuole, in der sie sich befinden (Legionella-containing vacuole, LCV). Dies trägt zur Bildung einer spezialisierten Vakuole bei, die dem rauen ER ähnelt. Die Vakuole dient L. pneumophila als Replikations-Nische, die vor der Fusion mit Lysosomen geschützt ist. Um die SidM/Rab1-Komplexbildung auf atomarer Ebene zu verstehen, wurden die zentralen Domänen von SidM317-545 und Rab1A1-175 gereinigt und ko-kristallisiert. Die Bildung des SidM/Rab1A-Komplexes wurde durch Größenaustausch-Chromatographie und isotherme Kalorimetrie (ITC) untersucht. Die Struktur des SidM/Rab1A-Komplexes wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse aufgeklärt. Es zeigte sich, dass die Struktur der GEF-Domäne von SidM von bekannten eukaryontischen GEF-Strukturen deutlich abweicht. Weiterhin zeigte die Struktur, dass die Bindung von SidM zu mehreren Änderungen der Rab1-Konformation führt, die die Freisetzung von gebundenen GDP-Molekülen bewirken. ITC-Experimente zeigten, das SidM eine höhere Affinität zu ungebundenem als zu GDP-gebundenem Rab1 hat

Sensor-based Automated Continuous Grader for Spherical Fruits

244-253Weight grading is capable of more scrupulous separation than dimensional grading and reduces labor cost, damage, time, and power demand and also improves grading efficiency and accuracy. Hence a low-cost sensor-based grader for spherical fruits was developed and evaluated. The developed grader comprises of fruit feeding tray, fruit controlling shaft with gate arrangement, Electronic Control Unit (ECU), mainframe, belt conveyor, power transmission system, and collection baskets. The ECU consists of a load cell to sense the weight of the fruit, an amplifier to amplify the sensor data, a microcontroller to process the sensor signal and activate the corresponding motor and servo motors to push the fruit towards the basket by activating lever mounted on it. The machine is capable of weighing and grading the fruits into four different grades (grade I: >150 g, grade II: 130–150 g, grade III: 110–130 g and grade IV: <110 g), however, the grades can be altered as per the need by uploading in the program via USB cable. The grader was evaluated in terms of efficiency of grading, capacity and mechanical damage to the fruits at grader speeds of 3, 4, 5, and 6 rpm, respectively. The capacity of grader varied from 47.32 to 156.13 kg/h under different grader speeds. The developed grader is easy to operate and it doesn’t require skilled persons. It can be used for any spherical fruits and varying grades by changing the threshold values in the controller

Design and Evaluation of Portable Manually Operated Spawn Spreading Machine for Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus florida) Cultivation

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) is gaining demand owing to its benefits and taste. But, the prevailing manual method of cultivation is compromised with limited spawn spreading capacity and high chance of contamination which could be overcome by use of a spawn spreading machine. Currently no such machine is available which has prompted us to develop the same. The benefaction of the developed machine to the farmers is lightweight, portable, autoclavable, affordable, uncomplicated design, unskilled person can operate and minimize contamination chance that leads to increase in yield of mushroom. It constitutes the main frame, truncated conical hopper and ball valve metering mechanism. The machine evaluated in the lab shown that a highest spawn spreading capacity of 288 bags/h as compared to manual spreading operation of 110 bags/h for rice straw substrate at spawning rate of 50 g. In this context, the result clearly indicate that, the spawn spreading machine is very cost effective, save time and reduce labour requirement as compared to manual operation

Effect of Pretreatment on Solar Dehydration of Selected Varieties of Onion

The kinetics of solar drying of pre-treated onion slices (Pusa White Round, Pusa White Flat and Pusa Madhvi) of thickness 2 mm was studied at an air flow rate of 0.044m/s. Pre-treatments consisted immersion of slices in chemical solutions of sodium chloride, potassium metabisulphite and sodium benzoate at three different concentration levels (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) of each chemical. The variety, chemical and chemical concentration level influenced the drying of onion flakes. Pre-treatment with sodium chloride gave the maximum value of drying constant as 1.256. Variety too influenced the drying of onion. The moisture loss was fast in Pusa White Round (PWR) compared to Pusa Madhvi (PM) and Pusa White Flat (PWF)

Virion Structure of Israeli Acute Bee Paralysis Virus

The pollination services provided by the western honeybee (Apis mellifera) are critical for agricultural production and the diversity of wild flowering plants. However, honeybees suffer from environmental pollution, habitat loss, and pathogens, including viruses that can cause fatal diseases. Israeli acute bee paralysis virus (IAPV), from the family Dicistroviridae, has been shown to cause colony collapse disorder in the United States. Here, we present the IAPV virion structure determined to a resolution of 4.0 angstrom and and the structure of a pentamer of capsid protein protomers at a resolution of 2.7 angstrom. IAPV has major capsid proteins VP1 and VP3 with noncanonical jellyroll beta-barrel folds composed of only seven instead of eight beta-strands, as is the rule for proteins of other viruses with the same fold. The maturation of dicistroviruses is connected to the cleavage of precursor capsid protein VP0 into subunits VP3 and VP4. We show that a putative catalytic site formed by the residues Asp-Asp-Phe of VP1 is optimally positioned to perform the cleavage. Furthermore, unlike many picornaviruses, IAPV does not contain a hydrophobic pocket in capsid protein VP1 that could be targeted by capsid-binding antiviral compounds. Honeybee pollination is required for agricultural production and to sustain the biodiversity of wild flora. However, honeybee populations in Europe and North America are under pressure from pathogens, including viruses that cause colony losses. Viruses from the family Dicistroviridae can cause honeybee infections that are lethal, not only to individual honeybees, but to whole colonies. Here, we present the virion structure of an Aparavirus, Israeli acute bee paralysis virus (IAPV), a member of a complex of closely related viruses that are distributed worldwide. IAPV exhibits unique structural features not observed in other picorna-like viruses. Capsid protein VP1 of IAPV does not contain a hydrophobic pocket, implying that capsid-binding antiviral compounds that can prevent the replication of vertebrate picornaviruses may be ineffective against honeybee virus infections

Copper and palladium complexes of 2-(diphenylphosphino)-N, N-dimethylbenzylamine and its selenide derivative

The synthesis of 2-(diphenylphosphino)-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, {Ph2P(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)} (1) and its chalcogenide derivatives, {Ph2P(E)(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)} (E = O, 2; S, 3; Se, 4) were described. The reaction of 1 with [Pd(eta(3)-C3H5)Cl](2) affords a cationic complex [{Ph2P(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)}Pd(eta(3)-C3H5)][OTf] (5) in good yield. The treatment of 1 with copper halides in 1:1 M ratio afforded complexes of the type [{Ph2P(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)}(CuX)](2) (X = Br, 6; X = I, 7). Similar reactions between copper halides and Ph2RP(Se) (4) produced [{Ph2P(Se)(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)}(CuX)](2) (X = Br, 8; X = I, 9). The copper complex 7 upon treatment with 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline produced mixed ligand complexes [{Ph2P(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)}Cu(2,2'-bpy)]I (10) and [{Ph2P(C6H4CH2NMe2-o)}Cu(1,10-phen)]I (11), respectively. Single crystal X-ray structures of 7 and 9 are described. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved