A calculation procedure for viscous flow in turbomachines, volume 3

A method for analyzing the nonadiabatic viscous flow through turbomachine blade passages was developed. The field analysis is based upon the numerical integration of the full incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, together with the energy equation on the blade-to-blade surface. A FORTRAN IV computer program was written based on this method. The numerical code used to solve the governing equations employs a nonorthogonal boundary fitted coordinate system. The flow may be axial, radial or mixed and there may be a change in stream channel thickness in the through-flow direction. The inputs required for two FORTRAN IV programs are presented. The first program considers laminar flows and the second can handle turbulent flows. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the use of the program, and to show the results that are obtained

Modeling Sunflower Productivity and Profitability in Relation to Adequate and Limited Sulphur Availability under Semiarid Irrigated Conditions

Inadequate and/or imbalanced fertilization has been identified as one of the critical bottlenecks holding oilseeds production and productivity. Sustainable production requires efficient use of inputs maintaining optimum yield and high quality product. The present study aims at defining the quantitative relationship between the fertilizer S applied and the sunflower yield obtained using a polynomial function. The analysis was done to allocate the S fertilizer for maximization of net profit over fertilizer cost depending on the availability of the fertilizer. The results indicated that the cost effective economically optimum dose of sulphur for sunflower cultivation was found to be 36.70 kg S/ha under its full availability. The expected sunflower yield at this dose was worked out to be 2.619 t/ha. However, it is advisable to uniformly distribute the fertilizer to all over the cultivable area under its limited availability for exploiting the desired yield potential and maximum net monetary returns

Development of high-efficiency solar cells on thin silicon through design optimization and defect passivation

The overall goal of this research is to improve fundamental understanding of the hydrogen passivation of defects in low-cost silicon and the fabrication of high-efficiency solar cells on thin crystalline silicon through low-cost technology development. A novel method was developed to estimate the flux of hydrogen, released from amorphous silicon nitride film, into the silicon. Rapid-firing-induced higher flux of hydrogen was found to be important for higher defect passivation. This was followed by the fabrication of solar cell efficiencies of ~ 17% on low-cost, planar cast multicrystalline silicon. Solar cell efficiencies and lifetime enhancement in the top, middle, and bottom regions of cast multicrystalline silicon ingots were explained on the basis of impurities and defects generally found in those regions. In an attempt to further reduce the cost, high-efficiency solar cells were fabricated on thin crystalline silicon wafers with full area aluminum-back surface field. In spite of loss in efficiency, wafer thinning reduced the module cost. Device modeling was performed to establish a roadmap towards high-efficiency thin cells and back surface recombination velocity and back surface reflectance were identified as critical parameters for high-efficiency thin cells. Screen-printed solar cells on float zone material, with efficiencies > 19% on 300 μm and > 18% on 140 μm were fabricated using a novel low-cost fabrication sequence that involved dielectric rear passivation along with local contacts and back surface field.Ph.D.Committee Chair: Rohatgi, Ajeet; Committee Co-Chair: First, Phillip; Committee Member: Begovic, Miroslav; Committee Member: Chou, Mei-Yin; Committee Member: de Heer, Walte

Book Review: \u3cem\u3eBig Pharma, Women, and the Labour of Love\u3c/em\u3e

Review of Big Pharma, Women, and the Labour of Love, by Thea Cacchioni. University of Toronto Press, 2015

Ecofeminism; A Paradigm of Women-Nature Nexus: Prospective Analysis of Anita Desai’s Cry, the Peacock

Ecofeminism is an analytical approach which has been in use for some time but is still at a preliminary stage. An ecofeminist analysis would involve the combination of ecocriticism and ecofeminism into one analytical frame, where it would be imperative to interpret that the oppression of nature and women are intimately bound. The present article aims to study the exploitation confronted by the woman in Indian society in correlation with nature which is also oppressed and exploited by male dominated society. Anita Desai’s Cry, the Peacock studies such predicaments which lead the woman and nature both to astray.

Trickle Down Nationalism: Interactions Between Liberal Nationalism and Colonialism in the Raj and Nigeria

The combination of nationalism and colonialism has remained understudied in academia, despite the important interaction between the two phenomena. European ideas bled over into their colonial empires and began to fill the power vacuum created by colonial enterprises. This study analyzes the impact of British colonialism on the development of national identity in British India and Nigeria. British influences included large scale economic disruption, cultural reform through ‘westernizing’ the population and abolishing local customs, and creating a new set of institutions to replace traditional power centers. Inevitably, these factors created a nationalist surge across both the Raj and Nigeria, as new elites demanded political freedoms; national institutions and economic nationalism supported these demands. This study examines the importance of all three of these categories and tries to understand the importance of each in forging a unified national identity where there previously had been none

An Editor's Farewell

Editor's Farewell from Nayantara Sheoran Appleton