Mechanisms involved in the immunosuppression associated to experimental hypothyroidism

Fil: Valli, Eduardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

As formações continuadas no Paraná : olhares de quem ensina a sociologia na educação básica (2003-2021)

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fagner CarnielDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Sociologia (ProfSocio). Defesa : Curitiba, 27/09/2021Inclui referências: p. 169-179Resumo: O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar um estudo sobre as Formações Continuadas de Sociologia ofertadas aos professores de Ensino Médio do Paraná pela SEED/PR. Com base nas observações exploratórias que dimensionam continuidades e descontinuidades de diversos programas de formação continuada direcionados para os docentes da rede estadual paranaense, nessa pesquisa optou-se por coletar as opiniões de professores de Sociologia sobre as formações recebidas por intermédio de pesquisas de profundidade. Para organizar sistematicamente essa investigação, separamos o seguinte elemento problematizador: qual a percepção de professores de Sociologia sobre as formações continuadas no Paraná e sobre a sua disciplina na Educação Básica? Com três operações específicas que visam responder o problema proposto: 1) contextualizar o olhar docente sobre as estruturas educacionais; 2) apresentar os programas de formação continuada ofertados pela SEED/PR entre os anos de 2003 e 2021; 3) analisar as percepções dos professores entrevistados sobre a formação continuada e a Sociologia na Educação Básica. Como a abordagem assinala o uso de entrevistas de profundidade, a construção metodológica das fontes orais é articulada a partir das contribuições de Alessandro Portelli, que indica um caminho significativo na produção e cuidados com os registros orais. A centralidade deste objeto de pesquisa exige um cuidado específico com a compreensão da função social do professor de Sociologia e como esta é entendido pelo Estado. Para isso as contribuições de Agnes Heller sobre a interpretação do cotidiano, especificamente da identificação das funções que os papéis sociais carregam se fazem presentes no trabalho. Ao final da pesquisa, foi possível identificar que as distintas gestões inseridas no recorte temporal delimitado tiveram tratamentos distintos para as formações continuadas, sendo que estas tiveram um momento de criação de diversos programas entre 2003 e 2010, com uma sequência de desmontes nos governos seguintes. Os entrevistados forneceram distintas contribuições sobre os temas abordados, apontando caminhos que indicam a significância da Sociologia no Ensino Médio, bem como as possíveis visões políticas para a redução do espaço dessa disciplina.Abstract: The present work aims to accomplish a study about the Sociology Continuing Education offered to high school teachers in the state of Paraná (SEED/PR). Based on exploratory observations which measure the permanence or not of many continuing education programs which were direct to the teacher from education public system of Paraná state, in this research it was decided to collect the opinions of Sociology teachers about the formation received through in-depth research. In order to organize this investigation on a systematically way, we have separated the following problematizing element: what is the perception of sociology teachers about continuing education in Paraná state and about their subject in elementary education? There are three specification which aim to solve the question: 1) contextualize the teachers' view about education structure; 2) present the continuing education programs offered by SEED/PR between 2003 and 2021; 3) analyzing the perceptions of the teachers who were interviewed about the continuing education and the Sociology in elementary education. As the approach emphasizes the use of in-depth interviews, the methodological construction of oral sources is articulated together with the Alessandro Portelli contributions, who indicates a significant path in the production and care of oral records. The centrality of this object's research which requires a specific care with the understanding of the social function that the Sociology teacher has and how it is understood by the Paraná state. For this, the contributions of Agnes Heller about interpretation of everyday life, specifically the identification of the functions that social roles carry. By the end of this research, it was possible identify that the different managements, which were inserted on delimited time frame, had different processing for continuing educations, created in various programs between 2003 and 2010, with a sequency of dismantle in the following governmental management. The interviewers have given distinct contributions about the themes mentioned, showing the path which indicates the significance of Sociology for high school, and the possible politics visions for the reduction of this subject

Thyroid status modulates T lymphoma growth via cell cycle regulatory proteins and angiogenesis

We have shown in vitro that thyroid hormones (THs) regulate the balance between proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphoma cells. The effects of THs on tumor development have been studied, but the results are still controversial. Herein, we show the modulatory action of thyroid status on the in vivo growth of T lymphoma cells. For this purpose, euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid mice received inoculations of EL4 cells to allow the development of solid tumors. Tumors in the hyperthyroid animals exhibited a higher growth rate, as evidenced by the early appearance of palpable solid tumors and the increased tumor volume. These results are consistent with the rate of cell division determined by staining tumor cells with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester. Additionally, hyperthyroid mice exhibited reduced survival. Hypothyroid mice did not differ significantly from the euthyroid controls with respect to these parameters. Additionally, only tumors from hyperthyroid animals had increased expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and active caspase 3. Differential expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins was also observed. The levels of cyclins D1 and D3 were augmented in the tumors of the hyperthyroid animals, whereas the cell cycle inhibitors p16/INK4A (CDKN2A) and p27/Kip1 (CDKN1B) and the tumor suppressor p53 (TRP53) were increased in hypothyroid mice. Intratumoral and peritumoral vasculogenesis was increased only in hyperthyroid mice. Therefore, we propose that the thyroid status modulates the in vivo growth of EL4 T lymphoma through the regulation of cyclin, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and tumor suppressor gene expression, as well as the stimulation of angiogenesis.Fil: Sterle, Helena Andrea. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina ; ArgentinaFil: Valli, Eduardo. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina ; ArgentinaFil: Cayrol, Maria Florencia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina ; ArgentinaFil: Paulazo, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; ArgentinaFil: Martinel Lamas, Diego José. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Díaz Flaqué, María Celeste. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina ; ArgentinaFil: Klecha, Alicia Juana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Colombo, L.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología ; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Vanina Araceli. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cremaschi, Graciela Alicia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina ; ArgentinaFil: Barreiro Arcos, María Laura. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina ; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentin

Classical and non-classical thyroid hormone intracellular pathways involved in T lymphoma growth

Thyroid hormones (THs) are important regulators of cell physiology. They are essential for the normal development and growth of mammals, especially for the neural differentiation and the regulation of the metabolism and the immune system. THs also induce the proliferation of several cell types. In human and murine T cell lymphomas (TCL) this effect involves the participation of genomic and nongenomic mechanisms as it was described by the use of free THs and non-cell permeable THs coupled to agarose (TH-ag). The classic actions of thyroid hormones involve the alteration of gene transcription via specific nuclear receptors. The discovery of other effects, independent of this classic mechanism, characterizes a new and non-classic mechanism that involves different signaling pathways. Both, free THs and TH-ag, activate protein kinase C, extracellular signalregulated kinases and NF-kB and they increase the intracellular calcium levels. However, only the preincubation of T cells with free THs leads to an increased intracellular content of signaling enzymes. T lymphomas display high expression levels of both, the TH nuclear receptors (TRs) and the putative membrane receptor for THs, the integrin αvβ3, which has been demonstrated to be responsible for THs non-genomic actions. Here, we reviewed the mechanisms involved in THs modulation of the lymphocyte physiology, analyzing the interplay between genomic and nongenomic actions in T cells and its contribution in the development of lymphomas.Fil: Barreiro Arcos, María Laura. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Sterle, Helena Andrea. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Cayrol, Maria Florencia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Díaz Flaqué, María Celeste. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Valli, Eduardo. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Paulazo, Maria Alejandra. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Klecha, Alicia Juana. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Cremaschi, Graciela Alicia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin

Capitalismo dependente e políticas sociais: tensões e contradições

RESUMOA percepção de que há avanços sociais mesmo com o estabelecimento de políticas sociais de cunho neoliberal, permite que se indage sobre o capitalismo brasileiro e suas características estruturais. Chama a atenção o fato de que uma política social cuja estrutura é neoliberal como o programa Bolsa Família tenha permitido a setores da população brasileira um ganho de vida subjetivo e objetivo. Diante deste fato, questiona-se sobre o tipo de capitalismo que aqui se desenvolveu, suas contradições, possibilidades e limitações tanto do ponto de vista do capital como do ponto de vista humano e de garantia de direitos.Palavras-chave: Capitalismo Dependente; Políticas Sociais; Garantia de Direitos.ABSTRACTThe perception that there are social advances even with the establishment of social policies of neoliberal nature, allows us to inquire about Brazilian capitalism and its structural characteristics. It is noteworthy that a social policy whose structure is neoliberal such as the Bolsa Familia program has allowed sectors of the Brazilian population a subjective and objective gain in life. Given this fact, one wonders about the type of capitalism that has been developed here, its contradictions, possibilities and limitations from the point of view of capital as well as from the human point of view and of guaranteeing rights.Keywords: Dependent Capitalism; Social Policies; Guarantee of Rights.RESUMENLa percepción de que hay adelantos sociales aun con el establecimiento de políticas sociales de corte neoliberal, permite que se indague sobre el capitalismo brasileño y sus características estructurales. Llama la atención el hecho que una política social cuya estructura es neoliberal, como la Beca-Familia, haya permitido a sectores de la familia brasileña un recurso de vida a la vez subjetivo y objetivo. Ante ese hecho, uno se pregunta sobre el tipo de capitalismo que acá se desarrolló, sus contradicciones, posibilidades y limitaciones, tanto desde el punto de vista del capital, como del humano y de la garantía de derechos.Palabras-clave: Capitalismo Dependiente; Políticas Sociales; Garantía de Derechos

Walking the talk for dementia: a unique immersive, embodied, and multi‐experiential initiative

Coping with dementia requires an integrated approach encompassing personal, health, research, and community domains. Here we describe “Walking the Talk for Dementia,” an immersive initiative aimed at empowering people with dementia, enhancing dementia understanding, and inspiring collaborations. This initiative involved 300 participants from 25 nationalities, including people with dementia, care partners, clinicians, policymakers, researchers, and advocates for a 4-day, 40 km walk through the Camino de Santiago de Compostela, Spain. A 2-day symposium after the journey provided novel transdisciplinary and horizontal structures, deconstructing traditional hierarchies. The innovation of this initiative lies in its ability to merge a physical experience with knowledge exchange for diversifying individuals' understanding of dementia. It showcases the transformative potential of an immersive, embodied, and multi-experiential approach to address the complexities of dementia collaboratively. The initiative offers a scalable model to enhance understanding, decrease stigma, and promote more comprehensive and empathetic dementia care and research

Results of the first European Source Apportionment intercomparison for Receptor and Chemical Transport Models

In this study, the performance of the source apportionment model applications were evaluated by comparing the model results provided by 44 participants adopting a methodology based on performance indicators: z-scores and RMSEu, with pre-established acceptability criteria. Involving models based on completely different and independent input data, such as receptor models (RMs) and chemical transport models (CTMs), provided a unique opportunity to cross-validate them. In addition, comparing the modelled source chemical profiles, with those measured directly at the source contributed to corroborate the chemical profile of the tested model results. The most used RM was EPA- PMF5. RMs showed very good performance for the overall dataset (91% of z-scores accepted) and more difficulties are observed with SCE time series (72% of RMSEu accepted). Industry resulted the most problematic source for RMs due to the high variability among participants. Also the results obtained with CTMs were quite comparable to their ensemble reference using all models for the overall average (>92% of successful z-scores) while the comparability of the time series is more problematic (between 58% and 77% of the candidates’ RMSEu are accepted). In the CTM models a gap was observed between the sum of source contributions and the gravimetric PM10 mass likely due to PM underestimation in the base case. Interestingly, when only the tagged species CTM results were used in the reference, the differences between the two CTM approaches (brute force and tagged species) were evident. In this case the percentage of candidates passing the z-score and RMSEu tests were only 50% and 86%, respectively. CTMs showed good comparability with RMs for the overall dataset (83% of the z-scores accepted), more differences were observed when dealing with the time series of the single source categories. In this case the share of successful RMSEu was in the range 25% - 34%.JRC.C.5-Air and Climat

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

男女間の不平等と脳の性差 --男女間の不平等は脳構造の性差と関連する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-05-10.Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7, 876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality