Modular logic gates: cascading independent logic gates via metal ion signals

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Abstract Systematic cascading of molecular logic gates is an important issue to be addressed for advancing research in this field. We have demonstrated that photochemically triggered metal ion signals can be utilized towards that goal. Thus, independent logic gates were shown to work together while keeping their identity in more complex logic designs. Communication through the intermediacy of ion signals is clearly inspired from biological processes modulated by such signals, and implemented here with ion responsive molecules. © 2014 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Near-IR-Triggered, Remote-Controlled Release of Metal Ions: A Novel Strategy for Caged Ions

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A ligand incorporating a dithioethenyl moiety is cleaved into fragments which have a lower metal-ion affinity upon irradiation with low-energy red/near-IR light. The cleavage is a result of singlet oxygen generation which occurs on excitation of the photosensitizer modules. The method has many tunable factors that could make it a satisfactory caging strategy for metal ions

Anomaly Detection with Decision Trees for AI Assisted Evaluation of Signal Integrity on PCB Transmission Lines

Printed circuit board (PCB) design can be supported to a high degree by adding AI modules to the design system. Predictions from these modules can be made available to the designer in order to speed up circuit design and make it more efficient. Problems regarding signal integrity (SI) can be detected in time by providing hints on component connection or routing. However, the optimization and ML methods used in this context are usually very sophisticated (e.g., Bayesian optimization). Therefore, the design parameters provided by the AI modules must be accepted without further insights (for the experienced as well as the inexperienced designer). In this paper, a decision tree for anomaly detection and SI verification is presented, which by nature of this algorithm provides insights to the decisions made to obtain the proposed design parameters. Using a point-to-point (P2P) network as an example, the prediction accuracy of the AI model is investigated. It is shown that assessing SI effects with a decision tree provides a simple approach to obtain the suggested design. Furthermore, the predictions of the decision tree can be verified against the design rules.</p

AI Models for Supporting SI Analysis on PCB Net Structures: Comparing Linear and Non-Linear Data Sources

Signal integrity (SI) is an essential part in assuring the functionality of microelectronic components on a printed circuit board (PCB). Depending on the complexity of the designed interconnect structure, even the experienced PCB developer might be reliant on multiple design cycles to optimally configure the PCB parameters, which eventually results in a very complex, time-consuming and costly process. Under these aggravating conditions, artificial intelligence (AI) models may have the potential to support and simplify the SI-aware PCB design process by building predictive models and proposing design solutions to streamline the existing workflows and unburden the PCB designer. In this paper, the AI approach is divided into two separate stages consisting of neural network (NN) regression in the first step and parameterization of the PCB net structure in the second step. First, the NN models are applied to learn the relationship between the electrical parameters and the resulting signal quality captured by domain-oriented signal features in the time domain. Second, based on the trained NN models, on the one hand, the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) method is utilized to select solution candidates within the feature space, while on the other hand, genetic algorithms (GA) are applied to directly optimize the parameters of the interconnect structure. Moreover, the influence of the simulation abstraction level is investigated by comparing simulation data originating from linear and I/O buffer information specification (IBIS)-based non-linear modeling of the integrated circuit (IC) characteristics concerning the prediction accuracy and direct transferability. Finally, transfer learning concepts are evaluated to exchange learned knowledge representations between the different modeling of the IC characteristics to improve data efficiency and reduce computational complexity.</p

Fluorescent logic systems for sensing and molecular computation: structure–activity relationships in edge-detection

Molecular logic-based computation continues to throw up new applications in sensing and switching, the newest of which is the edge detection of objects. The scope of this phenomenon is mapped out by the use of structure-activity relationships, where several structures of the molecules and of the objects are examined. The different angles and curvatures of the objects are followed with good-fidelity in the visualized edges, even when the objects are in reverse video

An Application On University Administrative Staff About The Effects Of Organizational Binding On Organizational Commitment (A Research On Gazi University Rector Workers)

Bu araştırma, Gazi Üniversitesi Rektörlük biriminde görev yapan idari personelin örgütsel tükenmişlik düzeylerinin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkinin tespit edilmesi amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Etki düzeyinin tespit edilmesinde Maslach Örgütsel Tükenmişlik ve Allen-Meyer Örgütsel Bağlılık ölçeklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Sözü edilen amacın gerçekleştirilmesi doğrultusunda, Gazi Üniversitesi Rektörlük Biriminde çalışan 400 idari personel üzerinde anket uygulamasına yer verilmiştir. Örnekleme uygulanan anketler ile veriler toplanmış, istatistiksel teknikler ile analizi yapılarak tablolar ile yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında oluşturulan hipotezler test edilmesi sonucunda, idari personelin örgütsel tükenmişlik algılamaları ile cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, unvan, mesleki kıdem yılı değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülürken; yaş değişkeni açısından anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu görülmüştür. Yine, idari personelin örgütsel bağlılık algılamaları ile cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, unvan, mesleki kıdem yılı değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür.This research was carried out with the aim of determining the organizational commitment of organizational burnout levels of the administrative staff working at Gazi University Rectorate. Maslach Organizational Burnout and Allen-Meyer Organizational Commitment scales were used to determine the level of influence. In the direction of realization of the mentioned purpose, a survey was conducted on 400 administrative staff working at Gazi University Rectorate. The data were collected by means of carrying out sample surveys, analysed by using various statistical techniques and interpreted by using tables A result of testing the hypothesis formed within the research, it was found that there was no significant difference between the perception of organizational burnout and the variables of gender, marital status, education status, title, and occupational seniority of administrative staff; It is seen that there is a meaningful difference in terms of age change. Again, there was no significant difference between organizational commitment perceptions of the administrative staff and gender, age, marital status, education status, title, occupational seniority

PERILAKU MUSTAHIK BINAAN YAYASAN YATIM MANDIRI YOGYAKARTA DALAM PEMANFAATAN ZAKAT PRODUKTIF

Productive zakat is a model for distributing zakat funds whose aim is to improve the standard of living of mustahik, reduce poverty levels and also make mustahik produce something continuously from the zakat funds that have been distributed. The use of productive zakat funds is an important thing to pay more attention to so that the goals of productive zakat itself can be achieved effectively and efficiently. The Yogyakarta Yatim Mandiri Foundation as one of the national zakat institutions authorized to manage zakat has a program for distributing zakat funds using the productive zakat method. Problems arise when the mustahik's behavior in utilizing productive zakat funds is no longer in accordance with the objectives of productive zakat itself, the motives and objectives of each mustahik in utilizing productive zakat funds when the funds have been distributed are different, among others, some are aimed at develop their business, and some are used for material and ideal interests such as paying debts and consumption. In this case, the Yogyakarta Yatim Mandiri Foundation does not have much authority to withdraw funds or impose sanctions. The type of research used is field research and also uses library research to strengthen research conclusions. This research uses a qualitative research method that is descriptive analytical in nature, with a productive zakat perspective, the use of productive zakat and social action theory as the analysis tool. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The data were analyzed using three lines of analysis activities, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions based on a writer's assessment of existing theory and the reality in the field. From the results of the research, it found that in the practice of using productive zakat by mustahik assisted by the Yatim Mandiri Yogyakarta Foundation in the perspective of productive zakat, it is appropriate, for the perspective of using productive zakat there are still things that are not suitable because in some implementations there are mustahik who do not receive assistance and training from the amil in running his business. In reviewing the theory of social action, namely actions based on goals, values, feelings or emotions and traditional habits are appropriate, so that the behavior and practice of productive use of zakat funds by mustahik assisted by Yatim Mandiri Yogyakarta Foundation is influenced by the four basic principles of the theory of social action

Novel 17 alpha-Etinylestradiol-Substituted BODIPY Dyes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Fluorescence Imaging Studies in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Novel 17 alpha-Etinylestradiol-substituted 4,4-difluoro-4-borata-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) dyes were prepared as fluorescent imaging probes. The identities of newly synthesized dyes were fully characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The photophysical properties (molar extinction coefficient, fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence quantum yield) of the compounds were investigated by means of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies in dilute ethanol solutions. We were also interested in the live cell imaging studies of the 17 alpha-etinylestradiol-linked BODIPYs, by particularly concerning their ability to monitoring breast cancer cell lines. These studies showed that one of the novel 17 alpha-etinylestradiol-substituted BODIPY dyes was able to distinguish breast cancer subtypes. This is the first study sub-categorizing breast cancer via fluorescent-tagged estrogen analog, which is critical in terms of improving the molecular diagnostics and eliminating the drawbacks of available methods. These studies are very selective up to date for a BODIPY-based fluorescent label and define a pivotal biological importance of BODIPY as a building block in live cell imaging studies

A novel photosensitizer based on a ruthenium(ii) phenanthroline bis(perylenediimide) dyad: synthesis, generation of singlet oxygen and in vitro photodynamic therapy

In this study, a novel photosensitizer having two perylenediimide units and a phenanthroline ruthenium(ii) coordination moiety (Ru-BP) has been developed for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer cells. This new compound was prepared via reactions of two newly designed molecules, namely, 5,6,12,13-tetrakis(4-(tert-butyl)phenoxy)-2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)anthra[2,1,9-def:6,5,10-def]diisoquinoline-1,3,8,10(2H,9H)-tetraone (P6) and a bis(2,2-bipyridyl)-(4,7-dichlorophenanthroline)ruthenium(ii) complex (7). The singlet oxygen production of P6 and Ru-BP was investigated by a chemical method using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofurane as a trap molecule. Additionally, photodynamic therapy efficacy of the novel Ru-BP complex and P6 was evaluated in vitro. Ru-BP significantly decreased the viability of human chronic myeloid leukemia cells under red light but not in the dark, pointing out that the complex, itself, was not cytotoxic and singlet oxygen formation was required for the initiation of cell death mechanisms. Thus, Ru-BP can be effectively used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy, which makes the novel Ru-BP a promising singlet oxygen generator for further biological applications