The various routes to functional regeneration in the central nervous system

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Echeverri, K. The various routes to functional regeneration in the central nervous system. Communications Biology, 3(1), (2020): 47, doi:10.1038/s42003-020-0773-z.The axolotl is a type of Mexican salamander with astonishing regenerative capacity1. In our recent paper, we identified a signaling heterodimer that is formed directly after injury in the glial cells adjacent to the injury in axolotls. The c-Fos and JunB genes forming this heterodimer are not unique to animals with high regenerative capacity but they are present in humans too. In this paper I propose perspectives on molecular control of regeneration and future directions that need to be taken to advance our understanding of regeneration at a molecular level

Spinal cord regeneration—the origins of progenitor cells for functional rebuilding

© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Walker, S. E., & Echeverri, K. Spinal cord regeneration—the origins of progenitor cells for functional rebuilding. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 75, (2022):101917, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2022.101917.The spinal cord is one of the most important structures for all vertebrate animals as it connects almost all parts of the body to the brain. Injury to the mammalian spinal cord has devastating consequences, resulting in paralysis with little to no hope of recovery. In contrast, other vertebrate animals have been known for centuries to be capable of functionally regenerating large lesions in the spinal cord. Here, we will review the current knowledge of spinal cord regeneration and recent work in different proregenerative animals that has begun to shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms these animals use to direct cells to rebuild a complex, functional spinal cord.KE is supported by a grant from The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) R01 HD092451, start-up funds from the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), and funding from the Owens Family Foundation

Wound healing across the animal kingdom: Crosstalk between the immune system and the extracellular matrix

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Arenas Gómez, Claudia M., Sabin, K. Z., & Echeverri, K. Wound healing across the animal kingdom: Crosstalk between the immune system and the extracellular matrix. Developmental Dynamics, (2020): 1-13, doi:10.1002/dvdy.178.Tissue regeneration is widespread in the animal kingdom. To date, key roles for different molecular and cellular programs in regeneration have been described, but the ultimate blueprint for this talent remains elusive. In animals capable of tissue regeneration, one of the most crucial stages is wound healing, whose main goal is to close the wound and prevent infection. In this stage, it is necessary to avoid scar formation to facilitate the activation of the immune system and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, key factors in promoting tissue regeneration. In this review, we will discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the role of the immune system and the interplay with the extracellular matrix to trigger a regenerative response.The research in the Echeverri lab is supported NIH NCID R01 to Karen Echeverri and start‐up funds from the MBL. Keith Z. Sabin has been supported by an NIH T32 GM113846 grant

La mujer en la alta dirección

La mujer, como líder de la dirección estratégica en la ciudad de Medellín, es asunto de análisis a partir de resaltar su notoria aunque escasa presencia en juntas directivas y cargos de alta dirección en las empresas de la ciudad; tal observación lleva a la pregunta: ¿cuáles son los factores que inciden en la participación de la mujer en altos cargos de dirección?, cuestionamiento que se respondió tanto con información bibliográfica como con entrevistas personales realizadas a mujeres que han tenido carreras sobresalientes en el medio laboral y participan en la alta dirección de grandes empresas en la ciudad de Medellín -- Con base en dicha indagación se concluyen los factores más relevantes, que van desde la formación hasta la motivación interna y externa de las mujeres profesionales de la alta gerenciaWomen, as leaders on strategic direction in the city of Medellin, is a matter of analysis from highlight her notorious although scarce presence on board of directors and high direction positions at companies in the city; such remark lead us to the question: ¿ what are the factors that influence participation of woman in high positions of direction? questioning that is both answered with bibliographic information as well as with personal interviews performed to women that have had outstanding professional careers in working environments and that participate in high direction of big enterprises in the city of Medellin -- Based on this inquiry the most relevant factors are concluded, ranging from training to internal and external motivation of professional women of high managemen

AP-1cFos/JunB/miR-200a regulate the pro-regenerative glial cell response during axolotl spinal cord regeneration

© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Sabin, Keith Z., Jiang, Peng, Gearhart, Micah D., Stewart, Ron, & Echeverri, Karen. AP-1cFos/JunB/miR-200a regulate the pro-regenerative glial cell response during axolotl spinal cord regeneration. Communications Biology, 2(91), (2019), doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0335-4.Salamanders have the remarkable ability to functionally regenerate after spinal cord transection. In response to injury, GFAP+ glial cells in the axolotl spinal cord proliferate and migrate to replace the missing neural tube and create a permissive environment for axon regeneration. Molecular pathways that regulate the pro-regenerative axolotl glial cell response are poorly understood. Here we show axolotl glial cells up-regulate AP-1cFos/JunB after injury, which promotes a pro-regenerative glial cell response. Injury induced upregulation of miR-200a in glial cells supresses c-Jun expression in these cells. Inhibition of miR-200a during regeneration causes defects in axonal regrowth and transcriptomic analysis revealed that miR-200a inhibition leads to differential regulation of genes involved with reactive gliosis, the glial scar, extracellular matrix remodeling and axon guidance. This work identifies a unique role for miR-200a in inhibiting reactive gliosis in axolotl glial cells during spinal cord regeneration.This reseach was supported by a Regenerative Medicine Minnesota Grant and a NIH NCID R01 to KE. KZS has been supported by a NIH T32 GM113846 grant

Acercamiento a la arteterapia con fines terapéuticos en niños autistas

La presente tesis se presenta integrada por capítulos que pretenden abordar las concepciones generales del autismo y la arteterapia, con el fin de lograr una comprensión que aúne perspectivas teóricas y permita constituir un modelo de intervención para niños autistas. En un primer capítulo, se hace referencia a Leo Kanner como el pionero en el estudio del autismo, y posteriormente a Frances Tustin, Bruno Bettelheim, Donald Meltzer y Margaret Mahler como autores que siguieron una línea investigativa desde el psicoanálisis en el estudio del autismo como síndrome o trastorno del desarrollo. En el segundo capítulo, se realiza una revisión similar de arteterapeutas influyentes durante el siglo XX y XXI: Tessa Dalley, Edith Kramer y Judith Rubin, autoras que forjaron sus teorías y postulados en las concepciones psicoanalíticas, concibiendo el arte como vehículo terapéutico, con el fin de ayudar al individuo a encontrar una relación más compatible entre su mundo interno y externo. La revisión de dicho capítulo dio paso a una profundización de las teorías de Donald Winnicott y Daniel Stern, próximas a la línea del desarrollo, para enfocar este tipo de terapia hacia la intervención con niños del espectro autista, fundamentándose en el modelo interactivo de Kathy Evans y Janek Dubowski. Finalmente el acercamiento teórico, permitió el planteamiento de una propuesta personal derivada de los postulados de los distintos autores abordados, así como, señalar las diversas limitaciones y recomendaciones que presenta la práctica y proceso arteterapéutico dentro del contexto actual.This paper is written by chapters that are meant to explore general conceptions of autism and art therapy, in order to accomplish a comprehension that reunites various theoretic perspectives, thus allowing us to propose an intervention model for autistic children. In the first chapter, Leo Kanner is referred to as the pioneer in the study of autism, and afterwards Frances Tustin, Bruno Bettelheim, Donald Meltzer y Margaret Mahler as authors that fallowed the same line of investigation parting from their psychoanalytic perspective. In the second chapter, a similar revision is made of the most influential art-therapists of the XX y XXI centuries: Tessa Dalley, Edith Kramer y Judith Rubin, authors that forged their theories through a psychoanalytic point of view. They conceived art as a therapeutic vehicle that helps the individual find a more compatible relation between his inner and outer world. The revision of this chapter led to the study of Donald Winnicott and Daniel Stern s theories which are close to the development line of study, and offer a better understanding of this kind of artistic intervention in autistic children, based on the interactive model proposed by Kathy Evans y Janek Dubowski. This theoretical approach gave way to a personal proposal derived from the different assumptions of the reviewed authors and the exposition of the various limitations and recommendations that should be taken into account throughout the process of art therapy nowadays.Psicólogo (a)Pregrad

Influencia de la satisfacción laboral en la evaluación del rendimiento de empleados de línea media en una multilatina

El objetivo del presente trabajo investigativo fue comparar la percepción de satisfacción laboral de empleados de línea media mejor calificados vs la percepción de satisfacción de empleados de línea media con menor calificación, según criterios de la oficina de gestión humana de una multilatina colombiana. Para esto se realizó un estudio de tipo exploratorio basado en una entrevista semi-estructurada, acompañada por un cuestionario de motivación preguntas cerradas. Fue abordado desde las teorías motivacionales de Maslow, Herzberg y McClelland para determinar los satisfactores según el logro, la afiliación, el poder, la autorrealización y el reconocimiento percibido por la muestra realizada. Los resultados mostraron una percepción de motivación más alto en las personas cuyo rendimiento fue considerado como alto a comparación de aquellos con bajo rendimiento, con las motivaciones percibidas en orden prioritario de la siguiente manera: Afiliación, Logro, Autorrealización, Reconocimiento y Poder.The objective of the investigation was to compare the perception of job satisfaction of better qualified middle line employees vs the perception of satisfaction of middle line employees with lower qualification, according to criteria of the human management office in a Colombian multilatin enterprise. It was done with an exploratory study based on a semi-structured interview, accompanied by a questionnaire of motivation adapted in third person from a closed questionnaire. It was addressed on motivational theories of Maslow, Herzberg and McClelland to determine satisfiers on the workplace based on achievement, affiliation, power, self-realization, and recognition perceived by the sample. The results showed a higher motivational perception score on those who had a higher performance and qualification compared to those who that had a lower qualification. The motivation the results shows are on the following order: Affiliation, Achievement, Self-realization, Recognition and Power

Beneficios laborales y su relación con las necesidades e intereses de las personas en cuatro organizaciones manufactureras de Colombia

La relación entre los beneficios laborales que ofrecen las organizaciones y las necesidades e intereses de los empleados es de gran relevancia por los efectos que tiene sobre la motivación y deseo de permanencia de estos, eso especialmente en el mercado laboral actual. Esta investigación indaga si existe tal relación en cuatro organizaciones colombianas del sector manufacturero. Para hacerlo se tomó el portafolio de beneficios de cada una y se revisó, de acuerdo con taxonomías de necesidades e intereses, si los beneficios se conectaban con ellas. Luego, con base en esas taxonomías se elaboró y aplicó un cuestionario a 237 personas de dichas organizaciones preguntando por sus necesidades no satisfechas e intereses. Esas respuestas se relacionaron con los portafolios de beneficios. Se encontró una baja relación entre los portafolios y las necesidades e intereses. En el análisis por género se encontró que las mujeres tienden a necesidades de protección mientras los hombres de entendimiento, por estado civil que los casados o en unión libre tienen necesidades de identidad, los solteros de participación y otros de subsistencia, respecto a la edad los de 18 a 30 tienen necesidades de afecto, de 31 a 40 de protección, de 41 a 50 de participación y de 51 a 62 de participación. Los hallazgos cuestionan si los beneficios que se asignan en las organizaciones son los adecuados para los diferentes grupos poblacionales y resultan reveladores a la hora de entender los fenómenos de baja motivación y alta rotación que enfrentan algunas organizaciones.The relationship between the labor compensation offered by organizations and the needs and interests of its employees is of great relevance due to the effects it has on their motivation and desire to stay, especially in today's labor market. This paper investigates whether such a relationship exists in four Colombian manufacturing companies. To establish this, the companies' compensation portfolios were taken and reviewed, according to taxonomies of needs and interests, if the benefits were connected with them. Then, based on such taxonomies, a survey was elaborated and applied to 237 people from these organizations asking about their unsatisfied needs and interests. These answers were related to the benefit portfolios. A low relationship was found between portfolios and needs and interests. In the analysis by gender, it was found that women tend to have needs for protection while men have needs for understanding, by marital status those married or in a free union have needs for identity, singles for participation, and others for subsistence, with respect to age, those from 18 to 30 have needs for affection, from 31 to 40 for protection, from 41 to 50 for participation and from 51 to 62 for participation. Our findings raise questions as to whether the benefits assigned in organizations are adequate for the different population groups and are revealing when it comes to an understanding of the phenomena of low motivation and high turnover faced by some organizations. Keywords: compensation, interests, needs, motivation, intention to stay

Multiple intelligences in the physical education class

En el presente artículo de revista reflexivo se aborda un tema que es de poca interpretación y utilización en las instituciones educativas, se hace referencia a la implementación de las inteligencias múltiples en la clase de educación física, en el cual se analiza el papel que juega la aplicación de estas inteligencias al momento de ser utilizadas como metodología para la enseñanza de las temáticas que se trabaja en las clases de educación física, y confirmar así, los beneficios que estas traen para el desarrollo y aprendizaje de los estudiantes, las cuales permiten desde una perspectiva personal una enseñanza-aprendizaje centrada más en las necesidades de los estudiantes que en la proyección de contenidos, brindándoles de este modo la oportunidad de aprender desde su potencial o habilidad más desarrollada, obteniendo un aprendizaje libre y experiencial, generando en los niños ser partícipes tanto de su proceso formativo como el de sus compañeros y a su vez cumplir con los objetivos establecidos pero teniendo en cuenta el ritmo, capacidad y desarrollo de cada estudiante; y así, generar un aprendizaje significativo en cada uno de ellos; permitiéndoles un buen desarrollo en formación integral.This reflective journal article addresses a topic that is of little interpretation and utility in educational institutions. Reference is made to the implementation of multiple intelligences in Physical Education classes, in which the role played by Physical Education is analyzed. application of these intelligences at the time of being used as a methodology for teaching the topics that are worked on in Physical Education classes, and thus verify the benefits they provide for the development and learning of students, which allow from our perspective a teaching-learning focused more on the needs of students than on the projection of content, thus giving them the opportunity to learn from their potential or more developed ability, obtaining free and experiential learning, generating in children to be participants in their training process as their classmates and achieve their established objectives but taking into account the pace, capacity and development of each student, and thus generate significant learning in each of them; allowing them a good development in comprehensive training.Rionegr

La Imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia. Departamento Valle del Cauca, Cali.

Este informe final evidencia el trabajo realizado por el grupo colaborativo en torno a las actividades propuestas para el “Diplomado de Profundización Acompañamiento Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia” como opción de grado. El conflicto armado a lo largo de estos a los ha afectado a gran cantidad de comunidades, hombres, mujeres y niños, tanto física como emocionalmente. Involucrando su vida social y afectiva y rompiendo lazos familiares a su paso, lo anterior, son aspectos que a las personas que san sido víctimas les resulta muy complicado asumir, aceptar y a mucho tomar desde allí apartes positivos para dar continuidad a sus vidas. Es por lo anterior, que como futuros profesionales en psicología el abordar este tema de tanta constancia y que le ha significado tanta tristeza y en muchos casos impotencia a la población en general, podemos dimensionar desde diferentes contextos cómo lo sufren quienes pueden contar hoy día sus historias, porque lo vivieron lamentablemente de la peor manera. Brindándonos herramientas y capacidad para ayudarlas a superarlo. Para ello, se trabajó en el análisis del caso señor Alfredo Campo desde la perspectiva de la narración del sobreviviente de los hechos y su nivel de superación y deseos de superarse. Posteriormente se establecen alrededor del caso preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas que se podrían aplicar al protagonista si se estableciera contacto con él, con el fin de obtener información relevante para contextualizar y comprender mejor la situación. Por otro lado, se abordó el caso Pandurí con la elaboración de tres estrategias para trabajar el abordaje psicosocial, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes afectaciones luego del ataque del grupo armado que los obligó al desplazamiento, y desde el análisis de los impactos de estigmatización por la supuesta colaboración con grupos armados y en esa misma ruta, acciones y estrategias de apoyo que favorezcan el afrontamiento de la comunidad de Pandurí frente a la tortura y asesinato de los miembros de la comunidad. Finalmente, se relaciona el informe reflexivo trabajado por el grupo alrededor de la experiencia de foto voz y sus respectivas conclusiones., que se exponen en forma creativa en un blog de wix.This final report evidences the work carried out by the collaborative group around the activities proposed for the "Diploma of Deepening Psychosocial Accompaniment in Scenarios of Violence" as a degree option. The armed conflict along these has affected a large number of communities, men, women and children, both physically and emotionally. Involving their social and emotional life and breaking family ties in their wake, the above are aspects that people who have been victims find very difficult to assume, accept and take a lot of positive steps from there to continue their lives. It is for the above reason that, as future professionals in psychology, addressing this issue of such constancy and that has meant so much sadness and in many cases impotence to the general population, we can measure from different contexts how those who can tell their stories suffer today. stories because they lived it sadly in the worst way. Providing us with tools and capacity to help them overcome it. To do this, we worked on the analysis of the case of Mr. Alfredo Campo from the perspective of the narration of the survivor of the events and their level of improvement and desire to improve. Later, circular, reflective and strategic questions are established around the case that could be applied to the protagonist if contact were established in order to obtain relevant information to contextualize and better understand the situation. On the other hand, the Pandurí case was approached with the elaboration of three strategies to work the psychosocial approach, taking into account the different affectations after the attack of the armed group that forced them to displacement and from the analysis of the stigmatization impacts caused by the alleged Collaboration with armed groups and on the same route, support actions and strategies that favor the coping of the Pandurí community against the torture and murder of community members. Finally, the reflective report worked by the group related to the photo voice experience and its respective conclusions are related, which are creatively presented in a wix blog