PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PjBL) BERMUATAN NILAI DALAM MATERI SISTEM EKSKRESI MANUSIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA

Penelitian ini berjudul “Penerapan model Project Based Learning Bermuatan Nilai dalam Materi Sistem Ekskresi Manusia untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMA”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap penguasaan konsep dan sikap siswa setelah belajar dengan model Project Based Learning Bermuatan Nilai dalam materi sistem ekskresi, mengungkap hubungan penguasaan konsep dan sikap siswa, serta mendeskripsikan kendala yang dialami siswa selama pembelajaran dengan model Project Based Learning Bermuatan Nilai. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap siswa kelas XI IPA sebanyak 35 orang dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah weak experiment dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan penguasaan konsep siswa berada dalam kategori baik dengan persentase jumlah siswa di atas nilai KKM sebanyak 62,85 % dan indeks gain mencapai 52,2 % termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Tingkat penerimaan siswa terhadap nilai sains termasuk pada kategori tinggi dan indeks gain mencapai 11% termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Sikap siswa berdasarkan hasil observasi memiliki nilai 3,75 yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Hasil pengolahan angket menunjukkan bahwa seluruh siswa mengalami kendala selama pembelajaran terutama saat merancang proyek. Hasil perhitungan dengan uji t’ menunjukkan bahwa model Project Based Learning Bermuatan Nilai berpengaruh terhadap penguasaan konsep dan sikap siswa. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan dengan korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang lemah (r =0,2) antara penguasaan konsep dengan sikap siswa terhadap penerimaan nilai sains. ABSTRACT IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PJBL) VALUE-LADEN MODEL IN EXCRETION SYSTEM OF HUMAN TO INCREASED HIGH STUDENTS LEARNING OUTCOME The aim of this research was to obtain implementation of Project Based Learning (PjBL) Value-Laden model toward high students learning outcome. This research was implemented at high students with 35 people that took purposive sampling. The Research method used weak experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. The result showed that student’s ability of concepts showed good with 62,85 % students passed and gain indeks reached 52,2 % (sufficient). Attitude of student toward received of value included to high category while attitude student based on observation is 3,75(excellent). The Result showed that Project Based Learning (PjBL) Value-Laden model influential toward high students learning outcome. The correlation was obtained the value r=0,2 (positive correlation and low category). Students haved constraint during studied, especially made of planed

Karakteristik Penderita Penyakit Kardiovaskuler Pada Ruang Intensif Care Unit (Icu) Rumah Sakit Islam Surakarta

Penyakit kardiovaskuler merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar diseluruh dunia. Angka kematian penyakit kardiovaskuler meningkat di negara yang berpendapatan rendah dan menengah. Data Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menyebutkan pada tahun 2030 sekitar 23,6 juta penduduk dunia diperkirakan meninggal karena penyakit kardiovaskuler, dan 60% dari seluruh kematian diakibatkan oleh penyakit jantung koroner dan serangan jantung mendadak (Mendis et al, 2011). Menurut British Heart Foundation (2011) penyakit jantung koroner menjadi penyebab utama serangan jantung dan dapat mengancam kehidupan. Berdasarkan uraian diatas perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang karakteristik pasien dengan penyakit jantung.Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik penderita penyakit kardiovaskuler yang di rawat di ICU Rumah Sakit Islam Surakarta.Metode Penelitian merupakan deskriptif dengan menggunakan total sampling sejumlah 15 responden. Responden yang diambil adalah pasien penyakit jantung yang dirawat di ICU RSI Surakarta pada bulan Februari sampai Maret 2013. Analisa data menggunakan analisis univariat berupa distribusi frekuensi meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat DM, kadar Hemoglobin, kadar Hematokrit.Hasil Rata-rata penderita penyakit jantung di rawat di ICU berusia 55 tahun, sebagian besar berjenis kelamin 53,3% laki-laki, sebagian besar tidak memiliki riwayat DM 93,3%, sebagian besar responden memiliki kadar Hemoglobin normal 93,3%, memiliki kadar Hematokrit normal 100%.Kesimpulan Penderita penyakit jantung yang dirawat di ICU rata-rata berusia 55 tahun, sebagian besar berjenis kelamin perempuan, sebagian besar tidak memiliki riwayat DM, dan memiliki kadar Hemoglobin dan Hematokrit yang normal

A National Survey of Water-Based Leisure Activities in Ireland 2003

This survey profiles the domestic market for water-based tourism, sport and leisure in Ireland. The data provides up-to-date statistical information on 18 water-based leisure activities broadly grouped under the following categories: Seaside/Resort trips; Angling; Coastal and Inland Boating; and Watersports. The objective of the survey is to demonstrate the significant contribution of marine leisure activity to the national economy, and to highlight emerging trends and the potential for development of our water-based leisure resources. A key finding of the survey, conducted by the ESRI in 2003, is that marine leisure activity based on Ireland’s marine and freshwater resources generates €434 million in expenditure by Irish residents, and approximately 5,100 jobs are supported by this level of expenditure. A comparison of the domestic tourism market and the water-based tourism domestic market further highlights the value of the sector. In 2003, water-based tourism accounted for 22 per cent of the domestic tourism market and generated 45 per cent of domestic tourism revenue. Our seaside resorts, beaches, inland waterways and rivers provide the resource for a wide range of water-based tourism recreation, sport and leisure activities. The survey results show that 1.48 million persons, representing 49 per cent of the adult population participated in some form of water-based activity during the survey period. Although overall satisfaction with facilities was high, a further 10 per cent of the adult population (294,100) said they would take up some marine leisure activity if facilities were better. This demonstrates the potential and scope for development in the sector

HUBUNGAN KECEMASAN TERHADAP PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN PENGELUARAN ASI IBU POST PARTUM DI PUSKESMAS OESAPA KOTA KUPANG

Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak pada meningkatnya pembatasan hampir kesemua layanan rutin termasuk pelayanan kesehatan ibu post partum. Pemberian layanan ibu post partum dimasa pandemi perlu menjadi perhatian untuk menghindari terjadinya peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan kecemasan terhadap pandemi Covid-19 dan pengeluaran ASI ibu post partum di Puskesmas Oesapa Kota Kupang. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian ini adalah ibu post partum dimasa pandemi Covid-19 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Oesapa Kota Kupang sebanyak 37 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan probability sampling. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kecemasan, pengeluaran ASI, umur, paritas, Pendidikan dan pekerjaan. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis chi-square. Hasil: Tidak cemas covid-19 (29,7%), cemas covid-19 (70,3%), ada pengeluaran ASI (35,1%), tidak ada pengeluaran ASI (64,9%), responden berumur 20-35 tahun (73,0%), Pendidikan tamat SMA (56,8%), pekerjaan sebagai IRT (62,2%), melakukan IMD (100%), paritas anak pertama (67,6%). Penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan kecemasan pandemi covid-19 terhadap pengeluaran ASI ibu post partum (p value: “<0,001”). Kata Kunci: Kecemasan Covid – 19, Pengeluaran ASI ibu post partum

Analisis Perjanjian Kredit Syariah Dikaitkan Dengan Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa di PNM Mekaar Syariah

This study explains how dispute resolution in PNM Mekaar Syariah is based on the agreement. This study uses an empirical juridical legal research method with a descriptive analytical legal research type. Primary data is obtained directly from the source through interviews, observations, and unofficial reports which the author then processes. Then secondary data comes from books and laws, and regulations. An agreement is an agreement between two or more parties to do something. In Islamic Law, this agreement is called akad. There are many types of contracts in Islamic Law, such as Murabahah Contracts and Wakalah Contracts. This study discusses sharia credit agreements that use Akad Wakalah and Akad Murabahah which are then linked to the dispute resolution mechanism at PNM Mekaar Syariah. There is a combination of a wakalah contract and a murabaha contract which can reduce the meaning of the murabaha contract itself. However, inclusion of a wakalah contract in murabahah financing becomes valid if the authorization (wakalah) is made before murabahah financing occurs. The contents of the contract must include a dispute resolution mechanism, if a dispute occurs it must be resolved in accordance with the contents of the contract agreed upon by the parties to the contract. Deliberation is the first step in resolving disputes at PNM Mekaar Syariah, if the deliberation is not successful then it will be followed by making a lawsuit to the Religious Court. PNM Mekaar Syariah uses the Islamic legal system which makes its dispute resolution through the Religious Courts

Optimal design of rain gauge network in the Middle Yarra River catchment, Australia

Rainfall data are a fundamental input for effective planning, designing and operating of water resources projects. A well-designed rain gauge network is capable of providing accurate estimates of necessary areal average and/or point rainfall estimates at any desired ungauged location in a catchment. Increasing network density with additional rain gauge stations has been the main underlying criterion in the past to reduce error and uncertainty in rainfall estimates. However, installing and operation of additional stations in a network involves large cost and manpower. Hence, the objective of this study is to design an optimal rain gauge network in the Middle Yarra River catchment in Victoria, Australia. The optimal positioning of additional stations as well as optimally relocating of existing redundant stations using the kriging-based geostatistical approach was undertaken in this study. Reduction of kriging error was considered as an indicator for optimal spatial positioning of the stations. Daily rainfall records of 1997 (an El Niño year) and 2010 (a La Niña year) were used for the analysis. Ordinary kriging was applied for rainfall data interpolation to estimate the kriging error for the network. The results indicate that significant reduction in the kriging error can be achieved by the optimal spatial positioning of the additional as well as redundant stations. Thus, the obtained optimal rain gauge network is expected to be appropriate for providing high quality rainfall estimates over the catchment. The concept proposed in this study for optimal rain gauge network design through combined use of additional and redundant stations together is equally applicable to any other catchment

Selectividad de antagonistas para receptores nativos Cys-loop de ACh, 5-HT y GABA en neuronas mientéricas del cobayo

Tesis (Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular)"Los tres canales activados por ligando más comunes expresados por neuronas mientéricas son nACh, 5-HT3 y GABAA. Para investigar las funciones de estas proteínas se han usado inhibidores como el hexametonio (antagonista de los receptores nACh), ondansetrón (antagonista de los receptores 5-HT3), picrotoxina y bicuculina (ambos antagonistas de los receptores GABAA). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue investigar la especificidad de estos inhibidores sobre los receptores Cys-loop nativos de neuronas mientéricas del intestino delgado del cobayo. La configuración de célula completa de la técnica patch clamp fue usada para registrar las corrientes de membrana inducidas por ACh (IACh), 5- HT (I5-HT) y GABA (IGABA) en presencia y ausencia de diferentes concentraciones de hexametonio, ondansetrón, picrotoxina o bicuculina. Los tres receptores Cys-loop presentes en neuronas entéricas son expresados independientemente y no hay desensibilización cruzada. El hexametonio inhibió las IACh sin afectar las I5-HT y las IGABA. El ondansetrón inhibió la I5-HT y la IACh pero no afectó la IGABA. La picrotoxina y la bicuculina inhibieron la I5-HT, la IACh y la IGABA con diferente potencia, siendo menos potentes sobre los receptores 5-HT3. Todos los efectos inhibitorios fueron dependientes de la concentración y reversibles. Nuestras observaciones mostraron que excepto por el hexametonio, el resto de los inhibidores estudiados aquí mostraron grados de selectividad, la cual tiene que ser considerada cuando estos antagonistas son usados en estudios experimentales dirigidos a investigar las funciones de estos receptores; en particular, en tejidos que expresan receptores nACh porque estos receptores son blancos de todos los inhibidores aquí estudiados. La baja potencia de la picrotoxina y la bicuculina para inhibir los receptores 5-HT3 sugiere que estos receptores están formados por proteínas heteroméricas.""The three most common Cys-loop receptors expressed by myenteric neurons are nACh, 5-HT3, and GABAA. To investigate the function of these proteins researchers have used channel inhibitors such as hexamethonium (antagonist of nACh receptors), ondansetron (antagonist of 5-HT3 receptors), picrotoxin, and bicuculline (both antagonists of GABAA receptors). The aim of the present study was to investigate the specificity of these inhibitors on Cys-loop receptors of primary cultured neurons obtained from the guinea-pig small intestine. The whole cell configuration of the patch clamp techniques was used to record membrane currents induced by ACh (IACh), 5-HT (I5-HT) and GABA (IGABA) in the absence and the presence of various concentrations of hexamethonium, ondansetron, picrotoxin, or bicuculline.The three Cys-loop receptors present in enteric neurons are expressed independently and they are not crossdesensitized. Hexamethonium inhibited IACh without affecting I5-HT and IGABA. Ondansetron inhibited I5-HT and also IACh but did not affect IGABA. Picrotoxin and bicuculline inhibited I5-HT, IACh and IGABA with different potency, the lowest potency being on 5-HT3 receptors. All these inhibitory effects were concentration dependent and reversible. Our observations showed that except for hexamethonium, all other inhibitors used here show different degrees of selectivity, which has to be considered when their antagonists are used in experimental studies aimed to investigate the functions of these receptors. In particular, in tissues expressing nACh receptors because these are the targets of all other inhibitors used here. The low potency of picrotoxin and bicuculline to inhibit 5-HT3 receptors suggest that these are formed by heteromeric proteins.

Rekonstruksi Budaya Hukum Berdimensi Pancasila dalam Upaya Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia

The issue of weak law enforcement in Indonesia is indeed not a new issue, but this issue has still not been resolved until now. The purpose of this discussion is to find the ideal law enforcement model in accordance with national values. First, the discussion of this article will look at the correlation between law enforcement and the legal system which ultimately can be concluded that law enforcement always correlates with the optimal legal system at work, namely legal structure, legal substance and legal culture. One of these sub-systems does not work properly and optimally, so the ideals of ideal law enforcement will not be achieved easily. This paper then discusses the hypotheses of the three law enforcement subsystems, in fact that legal culture being the main factor, namely the determination of other subsystems. A good legal culture will encourage legal structures to form substantive norms and implement legislation with responsibility. Next discussed is the determination of the reconstruction model of legal culture that has the Pancasila dimension. Pancasila in this case becomes a filter in reconstruction the legal culture in order to enforce the law in accordance with the original noble values ​​of the Indonesian nation. Bad habits in the community should not be interpreted as a noble culture of the nation. &nbsp; Keywords: “legal structure”, “legal substance”, “legal culture”, “reconstruction”, “Pancasila

Resultan Sistem Pemilu dan Sistem Pemerintahan terhadap Pelaksanaan Demokrasi di Indonesia

Problems related to the resultant electoral system and the government system are the focus of the discussion in this study. Types of electoral systems, as well as types of governmental systems are discussed to be able to be a study of the use of electoral systems and government systems. The purpose of discussing this problem is to analyze the electoral system and the government system that are compatible with the implementation of democracy in Indonesia. This research is discussed through normative analysis, and through qualitative methods. The results of the qualitative normative analysis can be seen as follows: First, the results of the analysis show that there is a resultant between the electoral system towards the implementation of democracy in Indonesia as seen from the theory of the people's unity and the representative system. The consultant becomes strong if the general election system used is a purely open proportional electoral system, namely the voter as the supreme sovereignty constitution, can know with certainty who the candidate is and will help determine who is the people's representative. Second, there is a result between the government system and the implementation of democracy, the theory of popular sovereignty and the system of representation. Parliamentary and presidential government systems have their own weak points and strengths. However, the presidential system applied in democratic countries in Indonesia is better, because it tends to be more stable in its accountability. Placing the highest sovereignty as the only party that accepts the responsibility of those who have been elected to the executive and parliamentary institutions. The concept developed is a system of political representation, not as a system of partisan representation . &nbsp; Keywords: &nbsp;Resultan, District System, Proporsional System, Presidensiil, Parlementar