Henri Temianka Correspondence; (photographs)

This collection contains photographs pertaining to the life, career, and activities of Henri Temianka, violin virtuoso, conductor, music teacher, and author.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/temianka_photos/1001/thumbnail.jp

El desarrollo de conceptos espaciales : un estudio transcultural

Fac. de PsicologíaTRUEProQuestpu

Raising the level : orangutans solve the floating peanut task without visual feedback

This study was supported by project grants from the Regional Government of Madrid and the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CCG07-UCM/SAL-2578; UCM-BSCH GR58/08) awarded to F. Colmenares.Chimpanzees and orangutans are able to generate innovative behaviors to solve complicated physical problems. For example, when presented with an out-of-reach peanut at the bottom of a vertical tube (Floating Peanut Task-FPT), some of them spontaneously spit water into the tube until the peanut floats to the top. Yet, it is unclear whether this innovative solution results from repeating those actions that bring the peanut incrementally closer to the top or from anticipating the solution before acting. In the current study, we addressed this question by presenting three naïve orangutans with an opaque version of the FPT that prevented them from obtaining visual information about the effect of their actions on the position of the peanut. One of the subjects solved the opaque FPT in the very first trial: he collected water from the faucet and poured it into the opaque tube repeatedly until the hitherto non-visible peanut reached the top. This provides evidence for the first time that orangutans can potentially solve the FPT without relying on sensorimotor learning, but to some extent by mentally representing the problem.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Spanish normative data of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in a community-based sample of adolescents

Background/Objective: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire self-report (SDQ-S) has been extensively used to assess mental health problems among children and adolescents. However, previous research has identified substantial age and country variation on its psychometric properties. The aim of this study was three-fold: i) to evaluate internal structure and measurement invariance of the Spanish version of the SDQ; ii) to analyze age and gender-specific effects on the SDQ subscales; and iii) to provide Spanish normative data for the entire age range of adolescence. Method: Data were derived from two representative samples of adolescents aged 14 to 19 years old, selected by stratified random cluster sampling years (N = 3378). Results: The reliability of the Total difficulties score was satisfactory, but some subscales showed lower levels of internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original five-factor model. Finally, results revealed that SDQ scores were influenced by the gender and the age of participants; thus, the normative banding scores and cut-off values were provided accordingly. Conclusions: This study validates the Spanish SDQ-S for the entire age range of adolescence. However, more cross-country and cross-age research is needed to better understand the inconsistent findings on SDQ reliability

Heather Lynn Stockley, flute; Sally Rowsell, piano; Krista Brown, flute; Gordon King, piano

Heather Lynn Stockley, flute; Sally Rowsell, piano; Krista Brown, flute; Gordon King, pian

Una experiencia de investigación en las prácticas de desarrollo cognitivo y desarrollo social y de la personalidad

El objetivo del proyecto es convertir las aulas de prácticas en pequeños laboratorios donde los alumnos puedan iniciarse en el proceso de la investigación. El fin último es crear un espacio que promueva la adquisición y generación del conocimient

Preschool children’s understanding of racial cues in drawings and photographs

Studies of the development of racial awareness have used – albeit asystematically – stimuli of varying degrees of realism (dolls, drawings, photographs). Although researchers have weighed the advantages and disadvantages of using one or the other type of material with young children, there are no empirical studies that determine whether the nature of the material affects responses.We examinedwhether the use of drawings or photos affected children’s responses when assessing diverse components of racial awareness. Ninety preschoolers fromthemajority group in Madrid, Spain,were divided into four groups by age and condition (drawing vs. photo). Children performed person description, social categorization, preference, and matching tasks. Type of material affected performance, although this influence varied by age and task type

Una revisión de estudios evolutivos en España con niños y preadolescentes españoles y extranjeros

En este artículo se revisan algunos resultados de la investigación evolutiva en España sobre el prejuicio étnico en la niñez y preadolescencia. Desde un enfoque sociocognitivo-evolutivo, se examinan algunos precursores del prejuicio en la infancia, como son las habilidades de categorización y autoidentificación étnica y las primeras actitudes, así como capacidades más tardías que surgen en la preadolescencia, relacionadas con la toma de conciencia de la discriminación social y de sus repercusiones en las víctimas. Algunos de estos resultados se comparan con los de investigaciones realizadas en países de composición multiétnica. Se describen también estudios con niños latinoamericanos que residen en España y se comparan los resultados obtenidos en ambos grupos (mayoritario y minoritario) discutiendo sus implicaciones sociales