Suppression of microRNA-31 increases sensitivity to 5-FU at an early stage, and affects cell migration and invasion in HCT-116 colon cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously expressed noncoding RNAs with important biological and pathological functions. Although several studies have shown that microRNA-31 (miR-31) is obviously up-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC), there is no study on the functional roles of miR-31 in CRC.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Anti-miR™ miRNA 31 inhibitor (anti-miR-31) is a sequence-specific and chemically modified oligonucleotide to specifically target and knockdown miR-31 molecule. The effect of anti-miR-31 transfection was investigated by real-time PCR. HCT-116^p53+/+and HCT-116^p53-/-colon cancer cells were treated by anti-miR-31 with or without 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay; apoptosis was detected by DAPI staining; cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry; colony formation, migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the effect of suppression of miR-31 on the cell lines.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Real-time PCR results showed that anti-miR-31 was efficiently introduced into the cells and reduced miR-31 levels to 44.1% in HCT-116^p53+/+and 67.8% in HCT-116^p53-/-cell line (<it>p </it>= 0.042 and 0.046). MTT results showed that anti-miR-31 alone had no effect on the proliferation of HCT-116^p53+/+or HCT-116^p53-/-. However, when combined with 5-FU, anti-miR-31 inhibited the proliferation of the two cell lines as early as 24 h after exposure to 5-FU (<it>p </it>= 0.038 and 0.044). Suppression of miR-31 caused a reduction of the migratory cells by nearly 50% compared with the negative control in both HCT-116^p53+/+and HCT-116^p53-/-(<it>p </it>= 0.040 and 0.001). The invasive ability of the cells were increased by 8-fold in HCT-116^p53+/+and 2-fold in HCT-116^p53-/-(<it>p </it>= 0.045 and 0.009). Suppression of miR-31 had no effect on cell cycle and colony formation (<it>p </it>> 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Suppression of miR-31 increases sensitivity to 5-FU at an early stage, and affects cell migration and invasion in HCT-116 colon cancer cells.</p

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

La construcción simbólica del territorio a partir de la religiosidad. El caso de las fiestas patronales de la Chontalpa, Tabasco, México

El territorio es la expresión más amplia del espacio habitado por la especie humana. En estudios contemporáneos, se le concibe como un espacio multirrelacional, estructurado y, por ende, es valorado de múltiples maneras: fuente de abastecimiento, demarcación política, o símbolo de identidad socioterritorial, por mencionar algunas. En particular, la religiosidad es una de esas expresiones culturales con la que algunos grupos signan el espacio geográfico mediante una serie de prácticas rituales históricas. A través de ellas, dicho espacio se institucionaliza simbólicamente como territorio, cobrando así sentido para quienes lo habitan y aun para quienes no lo habitan. Este artículo presenta, desde una perspectiva cronotópica, una revisión de la manera en que ocurren las fiestas religiosas en la Chontalpa, un territorio localizado en Tabasco, un estado del sureste de México. Se observa que dichas prácticas religiosas preservan todavía antiguas fórmulas heredadas de las etnias prehispánicas que habitaron el territorio, por lo que su recreación favorece la continuidad de rasgos ancestrales de la cultura chontal, así como la cohesión comunitaria en torno a un saber hacer compartido. Con base en esos hallazgos, las conclusiones defienden que la religiosidad es un referente importante de la institucionalización del territorio chontal

El taller de arquitectura en el ámbito del nuevo modelo educativo flexible. Caso de estudio: Los talleres de arquitectura de la UJAT

Se expone una evaluación del impacto que ha tenido la implantación del Nuevo Modelo Educativo (NMEF) de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT) en la experiencia cotidiana de la cátedra, visto desde la perspectiva de alumnos y profesores. La investigación se guió por una metodología mixta con predominio del enfoque cualitativo. Se hizo el acopio de información una encuesta interactiva para determinar hasta qué punto la cátedra de taller es orientada por las premisas de dicho modelo. Se determinó también las causas institucionales y docentes que inhiben la implementación del NMEF en la clase de taller de la UJAT, dentro de las cuales destacan que: algunos profesores lo desconocen y que no todos los alumnos están preparados para asumir la responsabilidad de su propio aprendizaje

El taller de arquitectura en el ámbito del nuevo modelo educativo flexible. Caso de estudio: Los talleres de arquitectura de la UJAT

Se expone una evaluación del impacto que ha tenido la implantación del Nuevo Modelo Educativo (NMEF) de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT) en la experiencia cotidiana de la cátedra, visto desde la perspectiva de alumnos y profesores. La investigación se guió por una metodología mixta con predominio del enfoque cualitativo. Se hizo el acopio de información una encuesta interactiva para determinar hasta qué punto la cátedra de taller es orientada por las premisas de dicho modelo. Se determinó también las causas institucionales y docentes que inhiben la implementación del NMEF en la clase de taller de la UJAT, dentro de las cuales destacan que: algunos profesores lo desconocen y que no todos los alumnos están preparados para asumir la responsabilidad de su propio aprendizaje

Individual and combined associations of sarcopenia, osteoporosis and obesity with frailty in a multi-ethnic asian older adult population

Abstract Background We explored the relationships between sarcopenia (SP), osteoporosis (OP), obesity (OB), (alone and in combination) with physical frailty (PF) in a multi-ethnic, population-based study of Asians aged ≥ 60 years. Methods Participants were enrolled from the PopulatION HEalth and Eye Disease PRofile in Elderly Singaporeans Study (PIONEER) study. PF was defined using the modified Fried phenotype; SP using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019; OP using bone mineral density scores; and OB using the fat mass index. Modified Poisson regression models investigated the associations between exposures and PF, and the relative excess rates of PF due to interactions (RERI) to determine synergistic or antagonistic interactions. Results Of the 2643 participants, 54.8% was female; and 49.8%, 25.1%, 25.0% were Chinese, Indians, and Malays, respectively. 25%, 19.0% and 6.7% participants had OB only, SP only, and OP only, respectively. A total of 356 (17.5%), 151 (7.4%) and 97 (4.8%) had osteosarcopenia (OSP), sarcopenic obesity (SOB) and osteo-obesity (OOB), respectively; while 70 (3.5%) had all 3 morbid conditions (osteosarcopenic obesity, OSO). Both SP only and OB only were strongly associated with increased rates of PF (RR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.95, 3.29; RR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.58, 2.66 respectively); but not OP. Those with OSP, OOB and SOB were also associated with high risks of PF (RR: 2.82, 95% CI: 2.16, 3.68; RR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.69, 3.23; and RR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.95, 3.41, respectively) compared to robust individuals. Critically, individuals with OSO had the highest relative risk of having PF (RR: 3.06, CI: 2.28, 4.11). Only the sarcopenia-obesity interaction was significant, demonstrating negative synergism (antagonism). The concurrent presence of SP and OB was associated with a 100% lower rate of PF compared to the sum of the relatively rates of SP only and OB only. Conclusion The prevalence of SP, OB and OP, alone and combined, is substantial in older Asians and their early identification is needed to mitigate the risk of frailty. OB may interact with SP in an antagonistic manner to moderate rates of frailty. Further longitudinal studies are needed to address causality and mechanistic underpinnings our findings. </jats:sec