Comment on Lent et al. All-Cause and Specific-Cause Mortality Risk After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Patients With and Without Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1379–1385

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Sensitivity of Acehnese Varieties of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) to High Temperature Stress During Flowering Stage

. Rice is very sensitive to high temperature stress at the flowering stage. The rice plants were exposed to high temperature condition under green house. Some varieties show tolerance to heat stress, and the others are sensitive. Nine local Acehness varieties: Si Puteh, Itam Tangke Lango, Ramos Tihion Tamping, Sireundeun Semantok, Bo Santeut Seumantok, Pade Cut Krusek, Sipirok, Sigeudop and Cantek Lembayung were observed for high temperature stress during flowering stage. The objective of this research are: to identify the effect of heat stress on reproductive stage of local Acehnese, Indonesian rice; and to find the varieties that sensitive and hopefully have the gene of “temperature genic male sterility” (TGMS) that can be used as restorer varieties for production of hybrid rice. Heat stress significantly decreased pollen viability, plant architecture, and yield components. The pollen viability was observed by stainability and germination rate of the pollen. Based on pollen germination ability showed that one variety of rice, Sigeudop, showed tolerance to high temperature stress. Whereas the sensitive variety was Bo Santeut Seumantok, the local Indonesian rice that is potential to have TGMS gene. Pollen stainability showed that all varieties of pollen involved stainability from plants cultivation at high temperature, and all the varieties had the high rate of pollen stainability. We also found that pollen germination rate showed three varieties of rice cultivated in high temperature involved high resistance of the pollens

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Metode Eksperimen di Sekolah Dasar

The main objective of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in the Natural Sciences learning using the experimental method in class V Elementary School 10 Tuba Pasak. The method used is descriptive method. There is an increased ability of teachers to plan learning in cycle 1 is 2.81 to 3.6 in the second cycle, the difference increased from cycle 1 to cycle II of 0.79. Improving the ability of teachers in implementing the learning in cycle 1 is 2.37 to 3.44 in the second cycle, the difference increased from cycle 1 to cycle II of 1.07. Improving student learning outcomes in cycle 1 is 57.89 % to 84.21 % in the second cycle, the difference increased from cycle 1 to cycle II of 26.32 %. Thus the score of student learning outcomes from cycle 1 to cycle II considered complete

Selection of Acehnese Germplasm of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Using SRI Approach in the Post-tsunami Affected Area of Aceh Province, Indonesia

After affected by the giant tsunami waves following the 9.1 earthquake on December 26, 2004 in Aceh province of Indonesia, many of natural resources were damaged, including the loss of germplasm of rice in low land area. Therefore, we attempt to collect and evaluate the Acehnese germplasm of rice. We identified the Acehnese accession of rice by describing the characteristics of the rice plant using cultivation method of system for rice intensification or SRI with organic approach. Some of the descriptors include days of tillage formation, days from emergence to flowering, kernel weight, plant height, and yield components. We found that the Acehnese rice germplasm collection is very diverse: the days of tillage formation is 6 to 18 days after planting; the days from emergence to flowering is 56 to 90 days, plant height is 77 to 121 cm, and 1,000 kernel weight is 19.47 to 30.27 g. So, we concluded that the diversity of Acehnese rice is very rich, the rice accessions were identified and now stored in the cool storage system. Evaluation of the accession showed considerable promise as material research with high yield potential, high levels of tolerance to stresses such as weeds, drought, acidity and blast for further evaluation. The progenies might provide the improved sustainability of intensified systems through durable crop resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. In the future, characterization traits will be selected for resistance to pests-diseases, and tolerance to drought and salinity stresses, as well as analysis of grain quality. We will also develop the high multiple resistance to environmental stresses

Clinical and parasitological response to oral chloroquine and primaquine in uncomplicated human Plasmodium knowlesi infections

Background: Plasmodium knowlesi is a cause of symptomatic and potentially fatal infections in humans. There are no studies assessing the detailed parasitological response to treatment of knowlesi malaria infections in man and whether antimalarial resistance occurs. Methods: A prospective observational study of oral chloroquine and primaquine therapy was conducted in consecutive patients admitted to Kapit Hospital, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo with PCR-confirmed single P. knowlesi infections. These patients were given oral chloroquine for three days, and at 24 hours oral primaquine was administered for two consecutive days, primarily as a gametocidal agent. Clinical and parasitological responses were recorded at 6-hourly intervals during the first 24 hours, daily until discharge and then weekly to day 28. Vivax malaria patients were studied as a comparator group. Results: Of 96 knowlesi malaria patients who met the study criteria, 73 were recruited to an assessment of the acute response to treatment and 60 completed follow-up over 28 days. On admission, the mean parasite stage distributions were 49.5%, 41.5%, 4.0% and 5.6% for early trophozoites, late trophozoites, schizonts and gametocytes respectively. The median fever clearance time was 26.5 [inter-quartile range 16-34] hours. The mean times to 50% (PCT50) and 90% (PCT90) parasite clearance were 3.1 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 2.8-3.4) hours and 10.3 (9.4-11.4) hours. These were more rapid than in a group of 23 patients with vivax malaria 6.3 (5.3-7.8) hours and 20.9 (17.6-25.9) hours; P = 0.02). It was difficult to assess the effect of primaquine on P. knowlesi parasites, due to the rapid anti-malarial properties of chloroquine and since primaquine was administered 24 hours after chloroquine. No P. knowlesi recrudescences or re-infections were detected by PCR. Conclusions: Chloroquine plus primaqine is an inexpensive and highly effective treatment for uncomplicated knowlesi malaria infections in humans and there is no evidence of drug resistance. Further studies using alternative anti-malarial drugs, including artemisinin derivatives, would be desirable to define optimal management strategies for P. knowlesi.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Rejuvenation and Characterization of Local Rice Germplasm (Orya Sativa L.) Under Organic Cultivation Syste

The research was carried out to rejuvenate and evaluate the performances of plant characters of rice genotyps to produce a pure lines that are suitable for organic cultivation method. Thirty genotypes of the selected local rice were conducted to evaluate the phenotype performances under the organic cultivation method. The rice genotypes were utilized in this experiment to evaluate their morpho-agronomic characters under organic cultivation system. Characterization of seed performances of each accession was described and catalogued to identify their accession traits. In addition, genotypic differences and similarities were also characterized and catalogued. Duplicate accessions were eliminated from the same variety or nearly identical variants of a variety. The morpho-agronomic performances of plant height, number of tillers, lifespan, number of panicles, filled grains per spike, 1000 grains weight, grain yield potential, and harvest index were clearly affected by the genotype. The results showed that the genotypes were greatly varied the morphoagronomic performances. , if organic system was applied, it was found that the responses of rice growth and yield of local varieties of Aceh is better than rice varieties cultivated by the national and introduction genotype

Analisis Posisi Kinerja Keuangan antara Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional di Indonesia

Indonesia menganut sistem perbankan ganda yaitu sistem perbankan konvensional dan sistem perbankan syariah. Terlepas dari sistem tersebut, tujuan beroperasinya sebuah bank atau Perusahaan selain mengumpulkan dana dari masyarakat juga menginginkan keuntungan. Kinerja keuangan yang baik merupakan keuntungan tersendiri bagi sebuah perbankan. Kinerja keuangan pada penelitian ini akan tercermin dari rasio CAR, ROA, ROE dan Total Aset masing-masing perbankan. Tujuanpenelitian ini untuk mengetahui serta menganalisis posisi kinerja keuangan Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional periode 2008-2013. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bank yang tercatat di Bank Indonesia selama periode penelitian. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 2 bank syariah dan 2 bank konvensional. Pengambilan sampel mengunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 4 dari 5 rasio keuangan Bank Syariah dalam 6 tahun terakhir menunjukkan hasil yang baik sementara 3 dari 5 rasio keuangan Bank Konvensional dalam 6 tahun terakhir menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Manajemen perbankan syariah sebaiknya meningkatkan kinerja keuangannya melalui peningkatan CAR, ROA dan ROE sedangkan bagi perbankan konvensional harus memperhatikan dan meningkatkan kinerja keuangannya dari segi LDR dan Total Aset. Kata kunci : bank syariah, bank konvensional, kinerja keuanga

Optical characterization on ITO/TiO2/P3HT/Areca Catechu/au for thin film hybrid solar cell

In this research, dye sensitized solar cell is fabricated by a combination of inorganic titanium dioxide nanoparticles sensitized by a locally available natural dye extract from organic Areca Catechu nut. This hybrid solar cells are fabricated accordingly by deposition of ITO/TiO2/P3HT/Areca Catechu/Au by using electrochemical method. The deposition rates of TiO2 are varied from 0.05, 0.07, 0.09 to 0.11 vs-1 whereas the number of scan of each layers are fixed to 5. The absorption spectra analysis is carried out in the wavelength range 200 to 600 nm, showed a wide and significant absorption spectrum in UV and visible regions. Analysis shows that scan rate affects the electrical conductivity of hybrid solar cell. The highest conductivity is recorded at 0.278 Scm-1 corresponding to the scan rate of 0.07 Vs-1at a potential value of 3.5 V

n vivo antiulcer activity of the aqueous extract of Bauhinia purpurea leaf.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Bauhinia purpurea (Fabaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat various ailments, including ulcers. In order to establish pharmacological properties of the leaf of Bauhinia purpurea, studies were performed on antiulcer activity of the plant's aqueous extract. Materials and methods The Bauhinia purpurea aqueous extract (BPAE) was prepared in the doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Antiulcer activity of BPAE was evaluated by absolute ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer, and pyloric ligation models. Acute toxicity was also carried out. Results BPAE, at the dose of 5000 mg/kg, did not cause any signs of toxicity to rats when given orally. Oral administration of BPAE exhibited antiulcer activity (p < 0.05) in all models used. However, the dose-dependent activity was observed only in the absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. Histological studies supported the observed antiulcer activity of BPAE. In pyloric ligation assay, BPAE increased the gastric wall mucus secretion. Conclusions The BPAE exhibits antiulcer activity, which could be due to the presence of saponins or sugar-free polyphenols, and, thus, confirmed the traditional uses of Bauhinia purpurea in the treatment of ulcers

Peripheral interface controller-based maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic DC to DC boost controller

A method of developing a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) utilizing a peripheral interface controller (PIC) is presented in this paper. The efficiency and adequacy of a PV depend on the temperature and the exposed position to the sun. Thus, there is an optimum point at which the operating power is at maximum. The goal is to operate the PV module at this point (MPP). It can be accomplished by using the MPPT algorithm designed with a DC-DC boost converter. The boost converter, MPPT circuit, PIC18F4550 microcontroller and PV panel are the main components used in this design. The current and voltage produced by the solar panel are observed continuously by a closed-loop control system. The microcontroller-based control system adjusts the duty cycle of the converter to extract the maximum power. With a DC input voltage of 15 V, the boost converter is capable of generating an output voltage of an approximately 60 Vdc at a maximum power of 213.42 W with minimum voltage ripple as compared to 84 W without the MPPT. It proved the effectiveness of the developed algorithm