Pseudoscalar Meson Mixing in Effective Field Theory

We show that for any effective field theory of colorless meson fields, the mixing schemes of particle states and decay constants are not only related but also determined exclusively by the kinetic and mass Lagrangian densities. In the general case, these are bilinear in terms of the intrinsic fields and involve non-diagonal kinetic and mass matrices. By applying three consecutive steps this Lagrangian can be reduced into the standard quadratic form in terms of the physical fields. These steps are : (i) the diagonalization of the kinetic matrix, (ii) rescaling of the fields, and (iii) the diagonalization of the mass matrix. In case, where the dimensions of the non-diagonal kinetic and mass sub-matrices are respectively, $k\times k$ and $n\times n$, this procedure leads to mixing schemes which involve $[k(k-1)/2] + [n(n-1)/2]$ angles and $k$ field rescaling parameters. This observation holds true irrespective with the type of particle interactions presumed. The commonly used mixing schemes, correspond to a proper choice of the kinetic and mass matrices, and are derived as special cases. In particular, $\eta$-$\eta '$ mixing, requires one angle, if and only if, the kinetic term with the intrinsic fields has a quadratic form.Comment: REVTeX, 6 page

Changes in vegetation spectra with deterioration of leaves under two methods of preservation

An experiment to measure changes in leaf spectra under different methods of preservation over time was conducted. The spectral measurements were made by a three band hand held radiometer which simulated three Thematic Mapper (TM) bands: TM3, TM4, and TM5. Daily spectral measurements of white oak leaves under three preservation treatments were made. The spectral readings over three treatments (fresh, bottled, and bagged vegetation) were indistinguishable in bands TM3 and TM5 for up to 4 days after collection. After that time bagged and bottled samples showed significant increases in reflected energy caused by loss of chlorophyll from and dehydration of the vegetation. No significant variation in the reflectance values from TM4 over preservation type for the experimental period was observed

Bloodmeal digestion by strains of Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) of differing susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum

Blood digestion was studied in strains of Anopheles stephensi which had been genetically selected for either refractoriness or susceptibility to infection by Plasmodium falciparum. Females of the refractory Pb3—9a strain ingested more blood than selected (Sda-500) and unselected (Punjab) susceptible females and began to degrade the haemoglobin soon after feeding. In susceptible females, haemoglobin degradation started only after a significant post-feeding lag period. Total protein content of the midgut after the bloodmeal was correspondingly higher for refractory than for susceptible females, but absolute and relative rates of protein degradation were not significantly different between the different mosquito strains. Bloodmeal induction of midgut trypsin activity and the maximal trypsin activity were the same for the different strains. The residual aminopeptidase activity and its relative post-feeding activity (enzyme units per midgut) were significantly higher in refractory females. However, when converting to specific aminopeptidase activity, no differences between strains were evident. The results indicate that both the early initiation of haemoglobin degradation and higher aminopeptidase activity in the Pb3—9a refractory strain are important in the limitation of parasite development within the mosquito midgut, whereas trypsin plays no role in this proces

Agricultural systems in Amazonia depend on the management of mycorrhizal fungi.

A large number of useful tropical plant species are dependent on mycorrhizal fungi. Without the fungal symbionts they show growth depression and lower tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In plant production systems, common management practices normally result in symbiosis deficits. In tropical regions where the system of shifting cultivation is practiced, the fallow period was thought to have a positive regulating effect on the mycorrhizal situation. It's showed that between three and eight years of fallow there is an increase of the inoculum potential in the soils but the effectivity of the fungal populations remains very low in comparison to the populations from natural sites. The need to manage the mycorrhizal fungi in situ in the field is discussed

Industrial Resources - Fulton County - Fulton

Resources for Economic Development: Fulton County, Kentucky” prepared by the Kentucky Department of Economic Development, Division of Research, and the Fulton County Economic Development Partnership, 1995. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate

Mirror matter admixtures in K_L \to \gamma\gamma

Based on possible albeit tiny, admixtures of mirror matter in ordinary mesons we study the K_L \to \gamma\gamma transition. We find that this process can be described with a small SU(3) symmetry breaking of only 3%. We also determine the eta-eta' mixing angle and the pseudoscalar decay constants. The results for these parameters are consistent with some obtained in the literature. They favor two recent determinations; one based on two analytical constraints, and another one based on next-to-leading order power corrections

Local Measurement of Current Density by Magneto-Optical Current Reconstruction in Normally and Overpressure Processed Bi-2223 Tapes

Magneto-optical current reconstruction has been used for detailed analysis of the local critical current density (Jc) variation in monocore Bi-2223 tapes. We find, even in high quality tapes with bulk transport Jc ~ 40 kA/cm^2 (77K, 0T), that there exist local regions which possess current densities of more than 200 kA/cm^2. Overpressure processing at 148 bar significantly improved Jc to 48 kA/cm^2 by improving the connectivity. For the overpressure-processed sample we find that the current distribution is more uniform and that the maximum local current density at 77 K is increased almost to 300 kA/cm^2.Comment: Presented at Applied Superconductivity Conference, Houston, August 4th -9th, 200

η\eta and η′\eta' mesons in the Dyson-Schwinger approach at finite temperature

We study the temperature dependence of the pseudoscalar meson properties in a relativistic bound-state approach exhibiting the chiral behavior mandated by QCD. Concretely, we adopt the Dyson-Schwinger approach with a rank-2 separable model interaction. After extending the model to the strange sector and fixing its parameters at zero temperature, T=0, we study the T-dependence of the masses and decay constants of all ground-state mesons in the pseudoscalar nonet. Of chief interest are $\eta$ and $\eta^\prime$. The influence of the QCD axial anomaly on them is successfully obtained through the Witten-Veneziano relation at T=0. The same approach is then extended to T>0, using lattice QCD results for the topological susceptibility. The most conspicuous finding is an increase of the $\eta^\prime$ mass around the chiral restoration temperature $T_{\rm Ch}$, which would suggest a suppression of $\eta^\prime$ production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The increase of the $\eta^\prime$ mass may also indicate that the extension of the Witten-Veneziano relation to finite temperatures becomes unreliable around and above $T_{\rm Ch}$. Possibilities of an improved treatment are discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 15 figure

THE TIME COURSE OF RECOVERY FROM A MESOCYCLE OF PERIODIZED PLYOMETRIC TRAINING

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a mesocycle of periodized plyometric training and the influence of the duration of the post training recovery period. All subjects’ countermovement jump height, peak power, and body mass were assessed with a force platform prior to and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after training. Jump height was 25.0% greater (p ≤ 0.05) after training with no difference (p > 0.05) between the recovery periods of 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 days. Peak power was 11.6 to 14.3 % greater (p ≤ 0.001) after training for the training group with no difference (p > 0.05) between recovery periods of 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 days. Periodized plyometric programs with decreasing volume and increasing intensity improve jump performance without a need for a post training recovery period