Intestinal colonization due to Escherichia coli ST131: Risk factors and prevalence

Background Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a successful clonal group that has dramatically spread during the last decades and is considered an important driver for the rapid increase of quinolone resistance in E. coli. Methods Risk factors for rectal colonization by ST131 Escherichia coli (irrespective of ESBL production) were investigated in 64 household members (18 were colonized) and 54 hospital contacts (HC; 10 colonized) of 34 and 30 index patients with community and nosocomial infection due to these organisms, respectively, using multilevel analysis with a p limit of < 0.1. Result Colonization among household members was associated with the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) by the household member (OR = 3.08; 95% CI: 0.88–10.8) and higher age of index patients (OR = 1.05; 95% CI; 1.01–1.10), and among HC, with being bed-ridden (OR = 21.1; 95% CI: 3.61–160.0) and having a urinary catheter (OR = 8.4; 95% CI: 0.87–76.9). Conclusion Use of PPI and variables associated with higher need of person-to-person contact are associated with increased risk of rectal colonization by ST131. These results should be considered for infection control purposes.Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2013-2016Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)European Development Regional Fund REIPI RD12/0015/0010 REIPI RD16/0016/0001Instituto de Salud Carlos III 070190 AC16/000076-MODERN AC16/AC16/00072-ST131TSJunta de Andalucía CTS5259 CTS21

Absolute properties of the low-mass eclipsing binary CM Draconis

Spectroscopic and eclipsing binary systems offer the best means for determining accurate physical properties of stars, including their masses and radii. The data available for low-mass stars have yielded firm evidence that stellar structure models predict smaller radii and higher effective temperatures than observed, but the number of systems with detailed analyses is still small. In this paper we present a complete reanalysis of one of such eclipsing systems, CM Dra, composed of two dM4.5 stars. New and existing light curves as well as a radial velocity curve are modeled to measure the physical properties of both components. The masses and radii determined for the components of CM Dra are M1=0.2310+/-0.0009 Msun, M2=0.2141+/-0.0010 Msun, R1=0.2534+/-0.0019 Rsun, and R2=0.2396+/-0.0015 Rsun. With relative uncertainties well below the 1% level, these values constitute the most accurate properties to date for fully convective stars. This makes CM Dra a valuable benchmark for testing theoretical models. In comparing our measurements with theory, we confirm the discrepancies reported previously for other low-mass eclipsing binaries. These discrepancies seem likely to be due to the effects of magnetic activity. We find that the orbit of this system is slightly eccentric, and we have made use of eclipse timings spanning three decades to infer the apsidal motion and other related properties.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

GJ 3236: a new bright, very low-mass eclipsing binary system discovered by the MEarth observatory

We report the detection of eclipses in GJ 3236, a bright (I = 11.6) very low mass binary system with an orbital period of 0.77 days. Analysis of light- and radial velocity curves of the system yielded component masses of 0.38 +/- 0.02 and 0.28 +/- 0.02 Msol. The central values for the stellar radii are larger than the theoretical models predict for these masses, in agreement with the results for existing eclipsing binaries, although the present 5% observational uncertainties limit the significance of the larger radii to approximately 1 sigma. Degeneracies in the light curve models resulting from the unknown configuration of surface spots on the components of GJ 3236 currently dominate the uncertainties in the radii, and could be reduced by obtaining precise, multi-band photometry covering the full orbital period. The system appears to be tidally synchronized and shows signs of high activity levels as expected for such a short orbital period, evidenced by strong Halpha emission lines in the spectra of both components. These observations probe an important region of mass-radius parameter space around the predicted transition to fully-convective stellar interiors, where there are a limited number of precise measurements available in the literature.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, 10 tables, emulateapj format. Accepted for publication in Ap

Burn out and perceived quality of life in resident physician of maternal-child area

El síndrome de burnout es un trastorno tridimensional resultante del estrés laboral, caracterizado por Cansancio Emocional (AE), Despersonalización (DP) y Baja realización personal (RP);observado especialmente en trabajos que involucran el contacto con personas. Entre los médicos, los residentes constituyen una población especialmente vulnerable

Numerical evidence for `multi-scalar stars'

We present a class of general relativistic soliton-like solutions composed of multiple minimally coupled, massive, real scalar fields which interact only through the gravitational field. We describe a two-parameter family of solutions we call ``phase-shifted boson stars'' (parameterized by central density rho_0 and phase delta), which are obtained by solving the ordinary differential equations associated with boson stars and then altering the phase between the real and imaginary parts of the field. These solutions are similar to boson stars as well as the oscillating soliton stars found by Seidel and Suen [E. Seidel and W.M. Suen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1659 (1991)]; in particular, long-time numerical evolutions suggest that phase-shifted boson stars are stable. Our results indicate that scalar soliton-like solutions are perhaps more generic than has been previously thought.Comment: Revtex. 4 pages with 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.

High-Level Magnetic Activity on a Low-Mass Close Binary: GSC 02038-0293

Taking into account results obtained from light-curve analysis and out-of-eclipse analyses, we discuss the nature of GSC 02038-00293 and also its magnetic activity behaviour. We obtained light curves of the system during observing seasons 2007, 2008 and 2011. We obtained its secondary minimum clearly in I-band observations in 2008 for the first time. Analysing this light curve, we found the physical parameters of the components. The light-curve analysis indicates that the possible mass ratio of the system is 0.35. We obtained the remaining V-band light curves, extracting the eclipses. We modelled these remaining curves using the spotmodel program and found possible spot configurations of the magnetically active component for each observing season. The models demonstrated that there are two active longitudes for the active component. The models reveal that both active longitudes migrate in the direction of decreasing longitude. We also examined the light curves in out-of-eclipse phases with respect to minimum and maximum brightness, amplitude, etc. The amplitude of the curves during out-of-eclipse phases varies in a sinusoidal way with a period of ~8.9yr the mean brightness of the system is dramatically decreasing. The phases of the deeper minimum during out-of-eclipse periods exhibit a migration toward decreasing phase.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 5 table

Entropy of a Kerr-de Sitter black hole due to arbitrary spin fields

The Newman-Penrose formalism is used to derive the Teukolsky master equations controlling massless scalar, neutrino, electromagnetic, gravitino, and gravitational field perturbations of the Kerr-de Sitter spacetime. Then the quantum entropy of a non-extreme Kerr-de Sitter black hole due to arbitrary spin fields is calculated by the improved thin-layer brick wall model. It is shown that the subleading order contribution to the entropy is dependent on the square of the spins of particles and that of the specific angular momentum of black holes as well as the cosmological constant. The logarithmic correction of the spins of particles to the entropy relies on the rotation of the black hole and the effect of the cosmological constant.Comment: 28 pages, two figures, Revtex4.0. Final revised version to appear in PR

From favorable atomic configurations to supershell structures: a new interpretation of conductance histograms

Title: From favorable atomic configurations to supershell structures: a new interpretation of conductance histograms Authors: A. Hasmy (IVIC), E. Medina (IVIC), P.A. Serena (CSIC,IVIC) Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, cond-mat.anwar.10825 Subj-class: Soft Condensed MatterComment: 7 pages, 3 figuresSubject: fput HMS.tex HMS-FIG1.ps HMS-FIG2.ps HMS-FIG3.p