Technology development of obtaining essential fatty acids from hydrobionts hydrolyzates

Articleɷ-3, 6-fatty acids from hydrobiontsare a minor component in the nutrition of European countries population. This causes a number of diseases, such as cardiovascular ones, cancer etc. There is a task of concentrating these acids in oil due to the fact that to meet their daily needs it is problematic to use large quantities of fish oil-from 15 to 20 g. Particularly rich in ɷ-3, 6-acids are wastes from the cutting of hydrobionts, containing muscle tissue and skin. Protein hydrolysates were obtained from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss) and Atlantic herring (Clupeaharengus) wastes by the electrochemical method using electrolyzers of the original design which are allowed to be used in food industry. A technological scheme of separating of lipids from protein hydrolyzates has been developed and experimental batches of oil samples have been developed. To concentrate the fatty acids the cryoconcentration method was used. The phase transitions of the obtained lipids were studied after their cryoconcentration in the temperature range from + 15 °C to minus 40 °C in the environment of calcium chloride using a low-temperature refrigeration unit. To analyze phase transitions the plant was used, which is a container with a solution of calcium chloride cooled by a low-temperature refrigeration machine. The properties of 5 fractions of lipids formed at the time of lipid phase transitions have been identified and studied (the fractional composition, acid, iodine numbers, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin D3 and A). It was established that as cryoconcentration increases the concentration of PUFAs, reaching values close to 90%, which allows the resulting product to be attributed to biologically active food additives (BAA). By calculation, it was shown that to create functional food products on fish base from fish of the Gadidae family it is enough to inject 4 grams of BAA to 100 grams of the product. Organoleptic properties of food products from low-fat fish species were improved

Obtention of omega-3-fatty acids cryoconcentrated fish oil from by-products of preserves industry

Received: February 24th, 2021 ; Accepted: May 2nd, 2021 ; Published: May 19th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] technology for obtaining and cryoconcentration of high-quality fish oil from collagen-containing wastes of slightly salted herring under gentle conditions using electrochemically obtained catholytes has been developed. Physicochemical analysis of raw materials was carried out and the yields of products from raw materials at all stages of processing were determined. Concentration of omega-3 fatty acids in oil was carried out using the cryo method. The main phase transitions in oil with decreasing temperature have been determined. The mass yields were determined and the biochemical composition of the cryoconcentrated fish oil fractions was investigated. It was defined the temperature of -14° С at which a phase transition is observed, providing an increase in the concentration of omega-3 fatty acids in oil by 3 times. The usage of cryoconcentrated fish oil allows to produce biologically active food supplement or raw materials for a functional food

The usage of a binder system for frozen berries in the manufacture of confectionery

The aim of the research was to create binding systems for confectionery using gelling agents. The possibility of using partially hydrolyzed liquid egg white (egg hydrolyzate) in the binding system of gelling agents (egg hydrolyzate - agar (EG-A), egg hydrolyzate - starch (EG-S)) was determined to obtain the required mechanical characteristics when creating coatings, ornaments or fillers in confectionery with whole berries or pieces of fruit. In this regard, a technology has been developed for the hydrolysis of liquid egg white in the presence of an acidic reagent. The best rheological characteristics of the gelling agent from egg white were obtained under the following hydrolysis conditions: egg white : 1% HCl ratio = 1:2, process temperature - 66°C, duration - 40 minutes, the pH of the egg hydrolyzate was 6.53, the amount of dry solids was 11.78%. The newly created systems with agar (E406, Germany), chemically modified food starch (E1442, Germany) and hydrolyzed egg white (egg hydrolyzate) allow to adjust the properties of the coating for quick-frozen berries used in semi-finished confectionaries or cakes. It is established that the coating for quick-frozen berries, which includes a system consisting of 1% E406 and 0.5% egg hydrolyzate, should be carried out in 2 stages. In the first stage, a 10-minute exposure of the coating, which has a tensile strength of 580 g cm-2 , allows to create a strong capsule around the berry, which prevents the processes of destruction from proceeding. The second stage is necessary to obtain a uniform surface coating of the semi-finished mix from the berries. In this case, the tensile strength of the coating should be 480 g cm-2 . The system created from the E1442 and egg hydrolyzate gelling agents was also used in 2 stages when making cakes, which were subsequently baked at 180 °C. The content of the binding system in the coating applied to the test substrate was 6.9–7.7%, the effective viscosity of the coating was 120–180 Pa s. The content of the binding system in the coating of the surface of the berries in the second stage was 5.2–6.3% with effective viscosity values of 50–90 Pa s. Semi-finished berry products and ready-made baked cakes, produced with developed binding systems, can be stored at -8 °C for 10 to 12 days. After refrigerated storage, the separated moisture was not observed in the test samples. The absence of the phenomenon of syneresis with the indicated proportions of the introduction of gelling agents in coating systems has been established

Эффективность применения сторителлинга на уроках английского языка

Статья посвящена сторителлингу как одной из педагогических технологий. Рассказывание историй в образовательных целях является неотъемлемой частью человеческого общения с момента его появления. Однако эффективность данной технологии не всегда оценивается педагогами по достоинству. В данной статье раскрывается суть понятия сторителлинг, представлена связь между обучением и сторителлингом; дается объяснение, почему рассказывание историй работает как педагогическая технология. Представлены предложения и рекомендации по реализации сторителлинга как педагогической технологии.The article focuses on storytelling as one of the pedagogical technologies. Educational storytelling has been an integral part of human communication since its inception. However, the effectiveness of this technique is not always appreciated by teachers. This article explains the concept of storytelling, introduces the relationship between learning and storytelling and shows why storytelling works as a pedagogical technology. There are also suggestions and recommendations for the implementation of storytelling as a pedagogical technology

Анализ микрополосковых фотонних кристаллов с учетом технологических погрешностей

Розглянуто вплив технологічних похибок на характеристики фотонних кристалів. Проведено порівняльний аналіз експериментальних та розрахункових характеристик.The considered influence of technological inaccuracy on the photonic crystal features. The organized benchmark analysis experimental and accounting features.Рассмотрено влияние технологических погрешностей на характеристики фотонных кристаллов. Проведен сравнительный анализ экспериментальных и расчетных характеристик

Diagnostic of the Development of Artistic Interest in Pupils to Works of Civil-Patriotic Art

Цель статьи - теоретически обосновать критерии, показатели, типы творческих заданий для диагностики развития у обучающихся художественного интереса к произведениям искусства гражданско-патриотической направленности.The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the criteria, indicators, types of creative tasks for diagnosing the development of students' artistic interest in works of art of a civil-patriotic orientation

Измерение разности назальных потенциалов — новый, информативный тест для диагностики муковисцидоза

An attempt was undertaken to evaluate peculiarities of biophysical phenotype of the basic cystic fibrosis (CF) defect in 21 cystic fibrosis patients from 5 to 41 years old. CF patients have demonstrated markedly more negative potential difference (NPD) across nasal epithelium than 15 patients of non-CF control group. The mean NPD of C F patients was 44.7±2.2 mV (range -32.5 to -68.9 mV), in the control group it was 17.2±1.8 mV. The method of the nasal PD measuring is acceptable and rapidly performed and may provide an additional tool for CF diagnosing.Была предпринята попытка оценить особенности биофизического фенотипа основного дефекта муковисцидоза у 21 больного в возрасте от 5 лет до 41 года. У лиц, страдающих муковисцидозом, были получены более выраженные отрицательные величины разности назальных потенциалов (nasal Potential Difference — NPD), чем у больных, страдающих хроническими неспецифическими заболеваниями легких (ХНЗЛ) контрольной группы. Средние значения NPD в группе больных муковисцидозом составили -44,7±2,2 мВ (от-32,5 мВ до -68,9 мВ), в контрольной группе -17,2±1,8 мВ (от-6,8 мВ до -30,2 мВ). Метод измерения NPD является легко и быстро выполнимым, может быть рекомендован в качестве дополнительного теста для диагностики муковисцидоза

Фенотипические и иммунологические особенности облигатных гетерозиготных носителей гена муковисцидоза

The frequency of appearance and structure of internal diseases were estimated as well as their genetic premises in 83 parents of patients with CF. These results were compared in 68 parents of patients suffering from lung diseases without genetic determination. This study showed that the character features of parents of CF patients who were obligate heterozygotes of CF gene is high frequency of respiratory (25%) and digestive (42%) diseases. The predisposition to lung diseases was higher in mothers of CF patients with ∆F508 mutation of CFTR gene. Haplotype HLA A1B40 was regarded as risk factor to forming lung diseases.Изучены частота встречаемости и структура заболеваний внутренних органов, а также их генетические предпосылки у 83 родителей детей, больных муковисцидозом (МВ), в сопоставлении с 68 родителями детей, больных хроническими неспецифическими заболеваниями легких без отчетливой генетической детерминации. Показано, что для родителей больных МВ – гетерозиготных носителей патологического гена – характерна высокая частота встречаемости заболеваний дыхательной (25%)и пищеварительной (42%) систем. Подверженность респираторной патологии выше у матерей больных детей при наличии мутации ∆Р508. Гаплотип НLА А1В40 также расценен как фактор риска формирования заболеваний органов дыхания

The piezoresponse force microscopy study of lead-free tetragonal tungsten bronze relaxor ceramics

Результаты структурных, электрофизических и СЗМ-исследований текстурированных образцов высокоплотной керамики бессвинцовых сегнетоэлектриков-релаксоров K2Sr4Nb10O30 и K4Bi2Nb10O30 со структурой типа тетрагональной вольфрамовой бронзы использованы для анализа природы их релаксорных свойств.The results of the structural, dielectric and SPM studies of the dense textured ceramics of lead-free tetragonal tungsten bronze ferroelectrics K2Sr4Nb10O30 and K4Bi2Nb10O30 were used for analysis of their relaxor properties.Работа выполнена при поддержке Проектной части Госзадания Минобрнауки № 3.1649.2017/ПЧ

Characterization of gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines established from CEA424/SV40 T antigen-transgenic mice with or without a human CEA transgene

BACKGROUND: Gastric carcinoma is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Patients with gastric cancer at an advanced disease stage have a poor prognosis, due to the limited efficacy of available therapies. Therefore, the development of new therapies, like immunotherapy for the treatment of gastric cancer is of utmost importance. Since the usability of existing preclinical models for the evaluation of immunotherapies for gastric adenocarcinomas is limited, the goal of the present study was to establish murine in vivo models which allow the stepwise improvement of immunotherapies for gastric cancer. METHODS: Since no murine gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines are available we established four cell lines (424GC, mGC3, mGC5, mGC8) from spontaneously developing tumors of CEA424/SV40 T antigen (CEA424/Tag) mice and three cell lines derived from double-transgenic offsprings of CEA424/Tag mice mated with human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-transgenic (CEA424/Tag-CEA) mice (mGC2(CEA), mGC4(CEA), mGC11(CEA)). CEA424/Tag is a transgenic C57BL/6 mouse strain harboring the Tag under the control of a -424/-8 bp CEA gene promoter which leads to the development of invasive adenocarcinoma in the glandular stomach. Tumor cell lines established from CEA424/Tag-CEA mice express the well defined tumor antigen CEA under the control of its natural regulatory elements. RESULTS: The epithelial origin of the tumor cells was proven by morphological criteria including the presence of mucin within the cells and the expression of the cell adhesion molecules EpCAM and CEACAM1. All cell lines consistently express the transgenes CEA and/or Tag and MHC class I molecules leading to their susceptibility to lysis by Tag-specific CTL in vitro. Despite the presentation of CTL-epitopes derived from the transgene products the tumor cell lines were tumorigenic when grafted into C57BL/6, CEA424/Tag or CEA424/Tag-CEA-transgenic hosts and no significant differences in tumor take and tumor growth were observed in the different hosts. Although no spontaneous tumor rejection was observed, vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with lysates from gastric carcinoma cell lines protected C57BL/6 mice from tumor challenge, demonstrating the tumorigenicity of the tumor cell lines in nontransgenic mice of the H-2(b )haplotype. CONCLUSION: These tumor cell lines grafted in different syngeneic hosts should prove to be very useful to optimize immunotherapy regimens to be finally tested in transgenic animals developing primary gastric carcinomas