Graphene and Related Materials for the Internet of Bio-Nano Things

Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) is a transformative communication framework, characterized by heterogeneous networks comprising both biological entities and artificial micro/nano-scale devices, so-called Bio-Nano Things (BNTs), interfaced with conventional communication networks for enabling innovative biomedical and environmental applications. Realizing the potential of IoBNT requires the development of new and unconventional communication technologies, such as molecular communications, as well as the corresponding transceivers, bio-cyber interfacing technologies connecting the biochemical domain of IoBNT to the electromagnetic domain of conventional networks, and miniaturized energy harvesting and storage components for the continuous power supply to BNTs. Graphene and related materials (GRMs) exhibit exceptional electrical, optical, biochemical, and mechanical properties, rendering them ideal candidates for addressing the challenges posed by IoBNT. This perspective article highlights recent advancements in GRM-based device technologies that are promising for implementing the core components of IoBNT. By identifying the unique opportunities afforded by GRMs and aligning them with the practical challenges associated with IoBNT, particularly in the materials domain, our aim is to accelerate the transition of envisaged IoBNT applications from theoretical concepts to practical implementations, while also uncovering new application areas for GRMs

Vulnerability and Resilience Assessment of Power Systems: From Deterioration to Recovery via a Topological Model based on Graph Theory

Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and resilience is the ability to recover after a high-impact event. This paper presents a topological procedure based on graph theory to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of power grids. A cascading failures model is developed by eliminating lines both deliberately and randomly, and four restoration strategies inspired by the network approach are proposed. In the two cases, the degradation and recovery of the electrical infrastructure are quantified through four centrality measures. Here, an index called flow-capacity is proposed to measure the level of network overload during the iterative processes. The developed sequential framework was tested on a graph of 600 nodes and 1196 edges built from the 400 kV high-voltage power system in Spain. The conclusions obtained show that the statistical graph indices measure different topological aspects of the network, so it is essential to combine the results to obtain a broader view of the structural behaviour of the infrastructure

Novel aryl substituted pyrazoles as small molecule inhibitors of cytochrome P450 CYP121A1: Synthesis and antimycobacterial evaluation

Three series of biarylpyrazole imidazole and triazoles are described, which vary in the linker between the biaryl pyrazole and imidazole/triazole group. The imidazole and triazole series with the short −CH2– linker displayed promising antimycobacterial activity, with the imidazole–CH2– series (7) showing low MIC values (6.25–25 μg/mL), which was also influenced by lipophilicity. Extending the linker to −C(O)NH(CH2)2– resulted in a loss of antimycobacterial activity. The binding affinity of the compounds with CYP121A1 was determined by UV–visible optical titrations with KD values of 2.63, 35.6, and 290 μM, respectively, for the tightest binding compounds 7e, 8b, and 13d from their respective series. Both binding affinity assays and docking studies of the CYP121A1 inhibitors suggest type II indirect binding through interstitial water molecules, with key binding residues Thr77, Val78, Val82, Val83, Met86, Ser237, Gln385, and Arg386, comparable with the binding interactions observed with fluconazole and the natural substrate dicyclotyrosine

Contemporary Museology & Changing Human-Space Interaction

Uygarlık tarihinin başlamasıyla birlikte, insanlığın doğa ile kurduğu iletişim ve bu iletişim neticesinde öğrendiği koyduğu pratikler kültür kavramını ortaya çıkarmış, insanlığın doğaya karşın ürettiği her değer de kültür olarak tanımlanmıştır. Kültür, ait olduğu yeryüzü parçası ve üretildiği topluluk hakkında referanslar barındırır, birikir, zenginleşir, kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılır. Ayrıca doğaya karşı mücadeleyi öğrenen insanlık, ürettiği maddi kültür alanlarının yanı sıra, bilim ve sanat alanında çalışmalar da yürütür. Bu bağlamda, birikerek zenginleşen kültür, sanat ve bilim somut veya soyut yöntemlerle kuşaklar arası iletişim sağlanması amacıyla koruma altına alınarak dinamikleşir. Bu dinamiklerin, bir araya gelmesi, sergilenmesi ve geçmiş öğretilerin kuşaklara aktarılması müzecilik kavramını doğurmuştur. Süreç içerisinde de müzecilik kendi mekanını arayarak bu kavramın mekansal dönüşümü ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada, kamusal bir mekan ve aynı zamanda toplumsal bir bellek mekanları müzeler, 21. yy. insanının mekansal beklentileri ve çağına uygun sergileme mekanlarının insan-mekân etkileşimi farklı başlıklar altında nitelikli bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Müzecilik kavramı ve müzelerin mekansal gelişimi başlangıçtan günümüze kronolojik bir periyotta incelenerek müze mekanlarının değişimi, birikimi ve dönüşümünde ki kırılma noktaları belgelenerek, bu kırılmalardaki zaman-mekan, mekan-insan etkileşimleri incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda yurt dışından ve ülkemizden seçilen müzelerdeki sergi, eser, tematik sergileme yöntemleri, ek işlevler ile sergilemenin odağının değişmesi ve çeşitlenmesi iç mekân-insan etkileşimi çerçevesinde irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde “müze” kavramının tanımı açıklanarak ve bu kavramın ortaya çıkışı ve tarihsel gelişimine yer verilerek Türk Müzecilik’inin gelişimi de özel başlık altında açıklanmıştır. Çalışmanın asıl amacı olan insan-mekan etkileşimi başlığı ikinci bölümde detaylı bir şekilde irdelenerek, incelemeyi daha anlaşılır hale getiren temel bilgiler sunulmuştur. Müze mekanlarının hangi başlıklar özelinde inceleneceği de bu bölümde belirtilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde ise ülkemizden ve yurt dışından seçilmiş olan müzeler, plan üzerinde incelenmenin yanı sıra iç mekan incelemeleri de yapılarak, gözlemler aktarılmıştır. Bulgular-öneriler kısmında ise “çağdaş müzecilik” anlamında mekanlar ve ziyaretçinin mekan ile etkileşimi üzerinde durulmuştur.With the beginning of the history of civilization,communication of humanity with nature and the practices put forward as a result of this communication revealed the concept of culture and every value that humanity produced against nature was defined as culture. Culture piles up, enriches and is handed down from generation to generation. Besides, it contains references about the part of the earth it belongs to and the community from which it emerged. Accordingly, humanity, which learns the struggle against nature, carries out studies in the fields of science and art, as well as the material culture fields it produces. In this respect, culture, science and art, which are enriched by accumulation, become dynamic by taking them under protection in order to ensure intergenerational communication with concrete or abstract methods. By comig together, displaying, transferring of the past teachings to the generations of these dynamics have given birth to the concept of museology. In this process, museology sought its own space and the spatial transformation of this concept emerged. In this study, museums, which are a public space and also a social memory spaces, the spatial expectations of the people of the 21st century and the human-space interaction of the contemporary exhibition spaces have been examined under different topics in a qualified way. The concept of museology and the spatial development of museums have been studied in a chronological period from the beginning to the present and also the breaking points in the change, accumulation and transformation of museum spaces and the time-space, space-human interactions in these breaks have been documented. In this regard, it has been tried to examine the exhibition, work of art, thematic exhibition methods and additional functions with changing and diversifying of the focus of the exhibition in the museums selected from the abroad and our country within the framework of interior space-human interaction. In the first part of the study, the definition of the concept of "museum" has been explained and the emergence and historical development of this concept has been given, and the development of Turkish Museology has also been explained under a distinctive title. The subject of human-space interaction, which is the main purpose of the study, has been examined in detail in the second part, and basic information that makes the analysis more understandable has been presented. It has also been stated in this section under which headings the museum spaces will be examined. In the third part, the museums selected from the abroad and our country have been examined on the plan, as well as interior space examinations and observations have been conveyed. In the findings-suggestions part, spaces in the sense of "contemporary museology" and the interaction of the visitor with the space have been emphasized

Beyond Performance: Racial Prejudice and Whites’ Mistrust of Government

Scholars have argued that racial policy beliefs contributed to a decline in public trust among white-Americans, but this effect waned over time as racial policies left the agenda. We theorize that beliefs about racial policies may have been integrated into whites' racial attitudes, resulting in a durable association between racial prejudice and public trust. Our analysis of eight ANES surveys (1992-2020) shows that racial prejudice, measured in terms of anti-Black stereotypes, informs white Americans' beliefs about the trustworthiness of the federal government. LDV models strengthen our contention by showing that the relationship persists after an LDV is included and it is not reciprocal. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11109-022-09774-6

Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function of workers employed in textile dyeing factory in Turkey.

Dyes are known to be a causative agent of occupational asthma exposed to them. We evaluate respiratory symptoms among textile. The study population comprised 106 exposed workers and control (unexposed) group. Data were collected by a questionnaire. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) were performed. Among the exposed workers 36.8% defined phlegm. Respiratory symptoms were not significantly different between two groups. The employment duration of the exposed workers with phlegm was longer than those without phlegm (p = 0.027). The mean % predicted of forced expiratory flow (FEF) 25-75 of the exposed workers was found to be significantly lower than the control (unexposed) group (p = 0.01). Our study suggests that textile dyeing might cause respiratory symptoms at workers

Selective Conservative Management of Penetrating Hollow Viscus Injuries : a Report of Three Cases

In this manuscript, we report three cases of penetrating abdominal injury : one with pellet injury, one with pellet injury after a bomb explosion and one with gunshot injury. All three patients were successfully managed non-operatively

Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function of workers employed in textile dyeing factory in Turkey

Dyes are known to be a causative agent of occupational asthma exposed to them. We evaluate respiratory symptoms among textile. The study population comprised 106 exposed workers and control (unexposed) group. Data were collected by a questionnaire. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) were performed. Among the exposed workers 36.8% defined phlegm. Respiratory symptoms were not significantly different between two groups. The employment duration of the exposed workers with phlegm was longer than those without phlegm (p=0.027). The mean % predicted of forced expiratory flow(FEF) 25-75 of the exposed workers was found to be significantly lower than the control (unexposed) group (p=0.01). Our study suggests that textile dyeing might cause respiratory symptoms at workers