UU Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak Ditinjau dari Maqashid Syari\u27ah terhadap Kekerasan yang Dilakukan Orang Tua (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Sibolga)

Every child born into the world attaches to Human Rights. The state itself guarantees these rights, including children\u27s rights. Human rights to children are characterized by the guarantee of protection and fulfillment of children\u27s rights by the state. Maintenance of legal children is mandatory, because children who still need this care will get danger if they don\u27t get maintenance and care. In UU No. 35/2014 concerning Child Protection, in the Islamic view how Islamic provisions view it as a product of state law that doesn\u27t conflict with Shari\u27ah. The researcher was very interested in conducting this research to find out the effectiveness of the child protection law in relation to legal protection for children victims of violence perpetrated by parents. In this study it was found that, protection of children in the community in Sibolga Regency was in accordance with Maqashid Syariah such as: protection of religion, parents gave the right of religious education to their children; protection of the soul, parents are very concerned about their children, protection of reason, parents keep their minds by giving education to their children as intellectuality can develop; protection against nasab and protection of property, parents provide a living for their children and parents are able to control their children\u27s activities

Freeze/thaw stress induces organelle remodeling and membrane recycling in cryopreserved human mature oocytes

Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate the ultrastructure of human metaphase II oocytes subjected to slow freezing and fixed after thawing at different intervals during post-thaw rehydration. Methods: Samples were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. Results: We found that vacuolization was present in all cryopreserved oocytes, reaching a maximum in the intermediate stage of rehydration. Mitochondria-smooth endoplasmic reticulum (M-SER) aggregates decreased following thawing, particularly in the first and intermediate stages of rehydration, whereas mitochondria-vesicle (MV) complexes augmented in the same stages. At the end of rehydration, vacuoles and MV complexes both diminished and M-SER aggregates increased again. Cortical granules (CGs) were scarce in all cryopreserved oocytes, gradually diminishing as rehydration progressed. Conclusions: This study also shows that such a membrane remodeling is mainly represented by a dynamic process of transition between M-SER aggregates and MV complexes, both able of transforming into each other. Vacuoles and CG membranes may take part in the membrane recycling mechanism

UU NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DITINJAU DARI MAQASHID SYARI’AH TERHADAP KEKERASAN YANG DILAKUKAN ORANG TUA (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN SIBOLGA)

Every child born into the world attaches to Human Rights. The state itself guarantees these rights, including children's rights. Human rights to children are characterized by the guarantee of protection and fulfillment of children's rights by the state. Maintenance of legal children is mandatory, because children who still need this care will get danger if they don't get maintenance and care. In UU No. 35/2014 concerning Child Protection, in the Islamic view how Islamic provisions view it as a product of state law that doesn't conflict with Shari'ah. The researcher was very interested in conducting this research to find out the effectiveness of the child protection law in relation to legal protection for children victims of violence perpetrated by parents. In this study it was found that, protection of children in the community in Sibolga Regency was in accordance with Maqashid Syariah such as: protection of religion, parents gave the right of religious education to their children; protection of the soul, parents are very concerned about their children, protection of reason, parents keep their minds by giving education to their children as intellectuality can develop; protection against nasab and protection of property, parents provide a living for their children and parents are able to control their children's activities

Microbiological-chemical sourced chondroitin sulfates protect neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against oxidative stress and are suitable for hydrogel-based controlled release

Chondroitin sulfates (CS) are a class of sulfated glycosaminoglycans involved in many biological processes. Several studies reported their protective effect against neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. CS are commonly derived from animal sources, but ethi-cal concerns, the risk of contamination with animal proteins, and the difficulty in controlling the sulfation pattern have prompted research towards non-animal sources. Here we exploited two microbiological-chemical sourced CS (i.e., CS-A,C and CS-A,C,K,L) and Carbopol 974P NF/agarose semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (i.e., P.NaOH.0 and P.Ethanol.0) to set up a release system, and tested the neuroprotective role of released CS against H2 O2-induced oxidative stress. After assessing that our CS (1–100 µM) require a 3 h pre-treatment for neuroprotection with SH-SY5Y cells, we evaluated whether the autoclave type (i.e., N-or B-type) affects hydrogel viscoelastic properties. We selected B-type autoclaves and repeated the study after loading CS (1 or 0.1 mg CS/0.5 mL gel). After loading 1 mg CS/0.5 mL gel, we evaluated CS release up to 7 days by 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay and verified the neuroprotective role of CS-A,C (1 µM) in the supernatants. We observed that CS-A,C exhibits a broader neuroprotective effect than CS-A,C,K,L. Moreover, sulfation pattern affects not only neuroprotection, but also drug release

Management of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women: current and emerging therapies

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a common multifactorial condition which is characterized by a decrease in sexual desire that causes marked personal distress and/or interpersonal difficulty. The general idea that HSDD is a sexual dysfunction difficult to treat is due to the large number of potential causes and contributing factors. Indeed, a balanced approach comprising both biological and psycho-relational factors is mandatory for accurate diagnosis and tailored management in clinical practice. There are currently no approved pharmacological treatments for premenopausal women with HSDD, while transdermal testosterone is approved in Europe for postmenopausal women who experience HSDD as a result of a bilateral oophorectomy. Even though the role of sex hormones in modulating the sexual response during the entire reproductive life span of women is crucial, a better understanding of the neurobiological basis of sexual desire supports the idea that selective psychoactive agents may be proposed as nonhormonal treatments to restore the balance between excitatory and inhibitory stimuli leading to a normal sexual response cycle. We conclude that the ideal clinical approach to HSDD remains to be established in term of efficacy and safety, and further research is needed to develop specific hormonal and nonhormonal pharmacotherapies for individualized care in women

Proteomic profile of maternal-aged blastocoel fluid suggests a novel role for ubiquitin system in blastocyst quality

Purpose: The etiology of maternal aging, a common cause of female factor infertility and a rate-limiting step in vitro fertilization (IVF) success, remains still unclear. Proteomic changes responsible for the impaired successful pregnancy outcome after IVF with aged blastocysts have not been yet evaluated. The objective of this prospective study was to employ proteomic techniques and bioinformatic tools to enlight differences at the protein level in blastocoel fluid of aged and younger woman. Methods: Protein composition of human blastocoel fluid isolated by micromanipulation from 46 blastocysts of women aged <37 years (group A) and 29 of women aged 6537 years (group B) have been identified by a shotgun proteomic approach based on high-resolution nano-liquid chromatography electrospray-ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS/MS) using label free for the relative quantification of their expression levels. Results: The proteomic analysis leads to the identification and quantification of 148 proteins; 132 and 116 proteins were identified in groups A and B, respectively. Interestingly, the identified proteins are mainly involved in processes aimed at fine tuning embryo implantation and development. Among the 100 proteins commonly expressed in both groups, 17 proteins are upregulated and 44 downregulated in group B compared to group A. Overall, the analysis identified 33 proteins, which were increased or present only in B while 76 were decreased in B or present only in A. Conclusions: Data revealed that maternal aging mainly affects blastocyst survival and implantation through unbalancing the equilibrium of the ubiquitin system known to play a crucial role in fine-tuning several aspects required to ensure successful pregnancy outcome

Обоснование комплексной методики изучения верхнего венда украинского Подолья, содержащего остатки мягкотелой Эдиакарской (вендской) фауны

Сформулирована проблема обоснования комплексной методики изучения Верхнего Венда украинского Подолья, содержащего остатки мягкотелой Эдиакарской (Вендской) фауны. Приведены результаты минералого-петрографических исследований и томографического изучения образцов Могилёв-Подольской серии Верхнего Венда. Обоснована целесообразность комплексной междисциплинарной методики изучения горных пород и остатков мягкотелых фоссилий для получения достоверной литологической и палеогеографической информации

The corticosteroid compounds prednisolone and vamorolone do not alter the nociception phenotype and exacerbate liver injury in sickle cell mice.

Clinicians often hesitate prescribing corticosteroids to treat corticosteroid-responsive conditions in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients because their use can be associated with complications (increased hospital readmission, rebound pain, strokes, avascular necrosis, acute chest syndrome). Consequently, SCD patients may receive suboptimal treatment for corticosteroid-responsive conditions. We conducted a preclinical trial of dissociative (vamorolone) and conventional (prednisolone) corticosteroid compounds to evaluate their effects on nociception phenotype, inflammation, and organ dysfunction in SCD mice. Prednisolone and vamorolone had no significant effects on nociception phenotype or anemia in homozygous mice. Conversely, prednisolone and vamorolone significantly decreased white blood cell counts and hepatic inflammation. Interestingly, the effects of vamorolone were milder than those of prednisolone, as vamorolone yielded less attenuation of hepatic inflammation compared to prednisolone. Compared to controls and heterozygotes, homozygotes had significant liver necrosis, which was significantly exacerbated by prednisolone and vamorolone despite decreased hepatic inflammation. These hepatic histopathologic changes were associated with increases in transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. Together, these results suggest that, even in the setting of decreasing hepatic inflammation, prednisolone and vamorolone were associated with significant hepatic toxicity in SCD mice. These findings raise the possibility that hepatic function deterioration could occur with the use of corticosteroids (conventional and dissociative) in SCD

Perception of food patterns among adults using restrictive diets: a prospective observational cross-sectional study

Introduction: Obesity is a disease of increasing prevalence among adults in Brazil. It is an undesirable condition both from a health and an aesthetic point of view. The cult of the thin body sometimes motivates the adoption of restrictive diets, which significantly limit the menu. However, the use of this type of diet may be associated with unhealthy repercussions on food, well-being, and weight loss. Objective: To evaluate the perception of the dietary pattern of adult users of restrictive diets in a city in the northwest of São Paulo. Methods: Prospective observational cross-sectional study, carried out through an online questionnaire, with 108 subjects of both genders who perform/have already performed restrictive diets. Results: Predominance of female individuals (84.3%) aged between 18 and 21 years (49.1%). Regarding the Body Mass Index (BMI), 48.1% were classified within the normal range and 31.5% as preobese. In the period before the diet, 72.2% of the participants believed they were overweight. The beginning of the diet was motivated mainly by the desire to lose weight (87%) and its accomplishment happened, in most cases, without professional supervision (58.3%). Excessive eating episodes during the diet period were significant (only 14.8% never experienced it), with feelings of guilt associated in 71.3% of the cases. Conscious control during meals to avoid weight gain occurred with high frequency in 72.3% of cases. Conclusion: A portion of the population presents problematic perceptions about the experience with restrictive diets, which are associated with eating and psychological disorders